Why is government necessary? - Polk School District
Why is government necessary?
Governments serves many functions
Protects the people from outside attacks Protects people from inside violence (crime) Ensures that all people have their basic needs met Provides education Ensures adequate healthcare Protect individual liberties
What are some other functions of gov?
Government Basics:
Government: the institution through which society makes and enforces its public policies
Public Policy: all the decisions that a government makes for its people
Government must have POWER to make & carry out its public policies
Types of Powers:
Legislative Power: the power to make law/policy Executive Power: the power to carry out & enforce law/policy Judicial Power: the power to define & interpret the law and the power
to settle disputes
Constitution: a country's basic beliefs about government including its principles, structure, framework, and processes ? usually written.
Politics: the process thru which government is conducted
The State:
The State is the dominate political unit
A State must have the following:
Population: the people living in a state.
Homogeneous: all people share a common culture, language, ideology, etc
Heterogeneous: people come from different cultures, languages, etc.
Defined Territory: the land a state occupies w/set & recognized boundaries
Organized Government: a way of making & enforce laws Sovereignty: supreme and absolute power w/in own
boundaries ? no other state can claim power over it
Types of Governments:
Autocracies
(Totalitarian Regimes)
Dictatorships: a type of government controlled by 1 person w/absolute control
Oligarchy: a type of government controlled by small group
Monarchy: a type of government controlled by a king/queen
Republics
Republic: a government ruled by the people
Democracy: a government in which the supreme authority rests with the people
Direct democracy: all citizens rule
Indirect/Representative Democracy: citizens rule thru elected representatives
Types of
Governments
Democracy
Governments ruled by the
people
Autocracy
Governments ruled by
absolute leader
(s)
Direct Democracy (Pure Democracy) The people make all
decisions of the government via meetings & voting.
Indirect Democracy (Representative Democracy) The people elect representatives to make government decisions
Dictatorship
The power to rule is held by 1 person
Oligarchy
The power to rule is held by a small
group of individuals
Republic The people who are eligible to vote choose the representatives to make government
decisions
Constitutional Monarchy
The nation has a king/queen, but is led by an elected group of
people. Example, Great Britain
Absolute Monarchy The right to rule is handed down from generation to generation
Military Dictatorship The ruler is put in power by the
military
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