An Introduction to the Respiratory System
An Introduction to the Respiratory System
Chapter 10
Please answer in complete sentences.
Using your textbook, answer the questions below:
1) What percentage of air is made up of oxygen?
2) Why is oxygen vital to life?
3) What are the two main functions of the respiratory system?
4) State three other functions of the respiratory system in humans.
5) What is ATP and how is it made?
6) Why must the respiratory system have a large surface area?
7) Explain/define each of the following terms:
a) ventilation
b) external respiration
c) internal respiration
d) cellular respiration
8) What is the method of transport by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs? Is this form of transport active or passive?
9) What is the benefit of inhaling air through the nose versus the mouth?
10) Why is the mucus of the nasal cavity important?
11) Describe the function of both cilia and nose hairs?
12) Name the two separations after pharynx.
13) Describe the function of the epiglottis in terms of both the respiratory and the digestive systems.
14) Why do you cough or sneeze?
15) What is the trachea?
16) Explain the importance of the cartilage rings surrounding the trachea.
17) What happens to air traveling through the bronchi?
18) Describe the alveoli. Where are they found?
19) On average, how many alveoli are found in both lungs combined?
20) What takes place in the alveoli?
21) Why is it important that the alveoli are moist?
22) Why does air entering the lungs have to be room temperature?
23) Why are the walls of the alveoli and of the capillaries (blood vessels) so thin?
24) Describe how lung capacities might differ between individuals
25) Describe how oxygen usage might differ between an athlete and a person with emphysema(which involves destruction of the lungs over time) in terms of VO2 and VO2max.
26) How is oxygen exchange maximized in fish gills?
27) What device do we use to measure lung capacity and oxygen usage?
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