PC-BASIC Documentation
PC-BASIC
documentation
Version 2.0.7
1. PC-BASIC 2.0.7
A free, cross-platform emulator for the GW-BASIC family of interpreters.
PC-BASIC is a free, cross-platform interpreter for GW-BASIC, Advanced BASIC (BASICA),
PCjr Cartridge Basic and Tandy 1000 GWBASIC. It interprets these BASIC dialects with a
high degree of accuracy, aiming for bug-for-bug compatibility. PC-BASIC emulates the most
common video and audio hardware on which these BASICs used to run. PC-BASIC runs
plain-text, tokenised and protected .BAS files. It implements floating-point arithmetic in the
Microsoft Binary Format (MBF) and can therefore read and write binary data files created by
GW-BASIC.
This is the documentation for PC-BASIC 2.0.7, last updated 2023-04-02 20:43:10.
It consists of the following documents:
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Quick Start Guide, the essentials needed to get started
User's Guide, in-depth guide to using the emulator
Configuration Guide, settings and options
Language Guide, overview of the BASIC language by topic
Language Reference, comprehensive reference to BASIC
Technical Reference, file formats and internals
Developer's Guide, using PC-BASIC as a Python module
PC-BASIC
Table of Contents
PC-BASIC 2.0.7 ...................................................................................................................... 2
Quick Start Guide................................................................................................................. 14
Installation.............................................................................................................................. 15
BASIC survival kit .................................................................................................................. 16
Program location.................................................................................................................... 17
External resources ................................................................................................................. 18
User's guide ......................................................................................................................... 19
The working environment ...................................................................................................... 20
Special keys........................................................................................................................... 21
Keyboard shortcuts ................................................................................................................ 24
Alternative keys ..................................................................................................................... 25
Clipboard operations.............................................................................................................. 25
Emulator control keys ............................................................................................................ 25
Compatibility .......................................................................................................................... 26
Programs and files ................................................................................................................. 27
Accessing your drives ............................................................................................................ 29
Compatible BASIC files ......................................................................................................... 30
Packages ............................................................................................................................... 31
Cassette tapes ....................................................................................................................... 31
Security .................................................................................................................................. 32
Connecting to peripherals ...................................................................................................... 33
Printing................................................................................................................................... 33
Serial and parallel ports ......................................................................................................... 34
Changing the interface........................................................................................................... 35
Emulation targets ................................................................................................................... 36
Codepages ............................................................................................................................ 38
Fonts ...................................................................................................................................... 41
Table of Contents
3
Redirecting I/O ....................................................................................................................... 42
Command-line interface......................................................................................................... 42
Text-based interface .............................................................................................................. 43
Configuration guide............................................................................................................. 44
Changing settings .................................................................................................................. 45
Synopsis ................................................................................................................................ 47
Positional arguments ............................................................................................................. 48
Options .................................................................................................................................. 49
Examples ............................................................................................................................... 61
Language guide ................................................................................................................... 63
Working with programs .......................................................................................................... 64
Control flow ............................................................................................................................ 65
Arrays and variables .............................................................................................................. 68
Type conversion .................................................................................................................... 69
String operations.................................................................................................................... 70
Text and the screen ............................................................................................................... 71
The printer ............................................................................................................................. 72
Keyboard input....................................................................................................................... 73
Function-key macros ............................................................................................................. 74
Calculations and maths ......................................................................................................... 75
Mathematical functions .......................................................................................................... 75
Random numbers .................................................................................................................. 75
Devices and files.................................................................................................................... 76
File operations ....................................................................................................................... 76
Devices .................................................................................................................................. 76
Graphics ................................................................................................................................ 79
Sound .................................................................................................................................... 80
Joystick and pen .................................................................................................................... 81
Disks and DOS ...................................................................................................................... 82
Serial communications........................................................................................................... 83
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PC-BASIC
Event handling ....................................................................................................................... 84
Error handling ........................................................................................................................ 85
User-defined functions ........................................................................................................... 86
Date and time ........................................................................................................................ 87
Including data in a program ................................................................................................... 88
Memory and machine ports ................................................................................................... 89
Features not yet implemented ............................................................................................... 90
Unsupported features ............................................................................................................ 91
Language reference............................................................................................................. 92
Metasyntax ............................................................................................................................ 93
Definitions .............................................................................................................................. 94
Literals ................................................................................................................................... 95
Variables ................................................................................................................................ 97
Types and sigils ..................................................................................................................... 97
Arrays..................................................................................................................................... 98
Conversions ........................................................................................................................... 98
Operators ............................................................................................................................... 99
Order of precedence .............................................................................................................. 99
Mathematical operators ....................................................................................................... 100
Relational operators............................................................................................................. 101
Bitwise operators ................................................................................................................. 101
String operators ................................................................................................................... 102
Functions ............................................................................................................................. 104
ABS ........................................................................................................................................
104
ASC ........................................................................................................................................
104
ATN ........................................................................................................................................
105
CDBL ......................................................................................................................................
105
CHR$ ......................................................................................................................................
105
CINT ......................................................................................................................................
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COS ........................................................................................................................................
106
Table of Contents
5
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