Project 2: Internet Toolkit



Project 2: Internet Toolkit

Due Date: April 17, 2020 by 10pm – upload to D2L

Objective

This project will explore some of the most useful commands in the network administrator's toolkit: ipconfig, ping, traceroute, and whois (nslookup). This project can be completed either on or off-campus. Provide your answers in a .doc (.docx) or pdf file and upload to D2L.

Background

• ipconfig (Internet Protocol configuration) is a Microsoft Windows console application that displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and refreshes DHCP and DNS settings.

• ping is a network administration utility used to test the reach-ability of a host on an IP network. It is also used to measure the round-trip time of messages sent from an originating host to a destination computer.

• traceroute measures the route path and transit times of packets across an IP network.

• whois (nslookup) is a query and response protocol used for querying databases that store users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as domain name or IP address block

Procedure

• ipconfig

1. In Microsoft Windows 7 or higher, access the command-line interpreter by clicking Start>Run. Enter cmd.exe in the run box. Or simply activate the “command prompt” via your “accessories”. The command-line interface will open.

2. Type “ipconfig” and hit enter. For help/more information, input “ipconfig /?”

Question 1.

What is your IPv4 address? Do you have an IPv6 address ? If so, what is your IPv6 address? What is the difference?

Question 2.

What command would you use to find your physical (MAC) address?

Question 3.

Give an example of why ipconfig is useful for network troubleshooting.

• ping

1. In the command prompt, input "ping " Take note of the IP address.

2. Ping the following servers, taking note of the IP address and round-trip times below. NOTE: ping sends 4 echo request packets by default. Use "ctrl-c" to interrupt any command if necessary.

|HOST: |IP Address |Round-trip Time |

| | | |

| | | |

|google.co.uk | | |

| | | |

| | | |

Question 4.

What do these hosts have in common?

Question 5.

In which country would you expect to find the particular Google UK server you pinged? Why?

Question 6.

Now, ping . What is the result? Why do you think this is the result?

Question 7.

Give an example of why ping is useful for network troubleshooting.

Question 8.

How would you force ping to use IPv6? How would you configure ping to send only a single echo request?

• traceroute

1. "tracert" is the traceroute command in Windows. In the command prompt, input "tracert " The default setting for traceroute is 30 hops max. This may take a minute or two. Again, "ctrl-c" will interrupt the trace if needed.

2. Take note of the number of hops, round-trip times, and any dropped packets (*). Also, notice that you should be able to trace the path of your packet from your computer, to your router/gateway, through intermediate hops (some will be named) onto the end destination.

3. Next, traceroute "yahoo.co.uk" and "cn." noting the data described above. If you have problems reaching these hosts, refer to the list of alternates below.

Question 9.

Do you notice any discrepancies (such as a sudden increase) in the round-trip times? What might account for these variations?

Question 10.

Which hop is your default gateway? On which subnet is this gateway?

Question 11.

Below is a sample route trace to the British Foreign & Commonwealth Office. Why do you think the round-trip time suddenly jumps to over 90 ms at hop 12?

Question 12.

What network layer protocol does traceroute utilizes? Which particular header field within this protocol does traceroute most rely upon? How does this result in the traceroute functionality?

Question 13.

What transport layer protocol does traceroute utilizes? Would a connection-oriented protocol help or hinder the traceroute program? Why?

Question 14.

Give an example of how traceroute can help troubleshoot network problems.

• whois

In the command line, input "nslookup 130.218.100.94" nslookup is the Windows command-line whois equivalent.

Question 15.

What was the result for the above operation?

Alternate Hosts

If you had trouble reaching the yahoo hosts with tracert, try using three from list below.

gatech.edu tut.ac.jp

columbia.edu au. ncsu.edu

uts.edu.au pitt.edu .au

smu.edu

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