Michellereynoldsict



ICT Homework:Hospital Computer Network:A network is put into all computers in hospitals to manage all areas of a hospital environment and to make sure that everything is connected into the correct places. The network used will be a Local Area Network. But there is also another network area called Wide Area Network (WAN).Advantages of a Hospital Computer Network:Easy access: All doctors can log onto any computers on the hospital LAN network system to find out information. You can share all data and files between all the staff and it can be done quickly so instead of trying to find the correct file documents. System backups; so if the network crashes the systems backup would cover all lost files.Systems area managed by IT specialists and helps them cover the best opportunities of fixing any problems with monitors, computers and even the system.Wide Area Network:WAN: [Wide Area Network] a computer network in which the computers connected may be far apart, generally having a radius of more than 1 km.ICT Hardware:Hardware is a physical section in a computer system. Hardware is also included in hospital LAN (Local Area Network.)[1] Printers.[2] Hubs: Devices that connects using a cable device like: computers, monitors and others.[3] Laptops/Pcs (Portable Computers)[4] Network Interface Card: Connects computers or workstations to the certain networks.[5] Network Infrastructure: e.g. Ethernet cabling devices, e.g. computers and other electronically devices.Entertainment Technology Theory and BenefitsThe examples of the entertainment in hospitals: Internet, Web Camera and Video Calling, Audio books, televisions and music/games.Benefits of Entertainment in hospitals:[1] It is easy to use as it is quick and simple for the hospital patients.[2] It is beneficial for the patients as it is entertaining for them and they are allowed to video/ring family and close relatives/friends. [3] It is convenient for both the patients and hospital staff to enjoy entertainment technology.Paper-Free OrganisationThe hospitals are trying to make the places a better environment and one thing that they are doing paper-free organisations. They now do this by an Electronical Health Record (EHR). A [EHR] is a computer version of the patient’s paper records. They can access these records on computers, ipads or any tablet devices.This allows the doctor/consultant to access the patient’s past records. This also saves the doctors a lot of time.These records include a range of data; including medications, allergies, medical history and load more.Electronic Display SignageThe hospitals are now using digital signage to improve the care and sastification for the patient’s surroundings. Digital Signs are used to improve the eliminate of stress from hospitals, and it can streamline the conditions of care. This can help the customers Know about how long they have to wait in line and what they need to know about the hospitals.For examples; like: X-rays times, Opening times, Closing times and waiting times to see consultants. Technology and Hospital BusinessThere are lots of types of technology that is used in hospitals and some are:[1] Monitors[2] Computer technology to show sensor data[3] Sensors[4] Hand-held devices; such as: iPads, Tablets, etc.Hardware needed in TeleworkingTeleworking sometimes called?telecommuting, means working from home using modern technology to keep in touch with your business. Jobs can be relocated to places where it is more attractive, more convenient or cheaper to live.Technology required for teleworkinga computer with internet accessan account emailSome teleworkers may also use:a fax machinea mobile phonevideoconferencing equipmentSoftware needed in TeleworkingTeleworkers?are a unique breed of computer users. They usually have requirements unlike those of most people who use computers for research or as a hobby. A person working from home depends on their computer system - more importantly their livelihood depends on it and having the right hardware and software is extremely important.Software installed must be able to keep control:Stop the employers working on weekends.Allow teleworkers to keep track on the work and allow the time to be tracked.Being able to send the employers and sheet saying how long they spent on the timed tracked area.Benefits of TeleworkingOffice running costs and overheads (rates, electricity, heating etc.) can be reduced, which in turn may reduce the need for office space.Travel-related problems may be reduced, i.e. staff being unable to get into work due to rail/road delays.It may tempt better staff to come and work for the company.Biometric TheoryBiometrics refers to the data related to human characteristics and traits. Biometric identification is used in computer science as a form of identification and access control. They often measure characteristics of the human body. For example; like: DNA, fingerprints, voice patterns, facial patterns and hand measurements.Advantages and Disadvantages of BiometricAdvantages:?-Better security (can't be stolen as easily as a password).?-No memorization of passwords by user.?-Non transferable.?Disadvantages:?-Soon or later someone is going to get their hand chopped of by a criminal who wants to use it to get through a biometric security system.?-Retinal scanning systems, are still uncomfortable for the user (light is too bright and you have to stick your eye up to a camera and hold it there).Traditional Security MethodsVirtual Fencing: This combines multiple technologies to create invisible barriers around the facilities.License Plate Recognition: This gives the hospital the chance to identify and resolve problems before they can even make it into the hospitals.Emergency Notification Systems: This gives them a chance to find and control the problem of getting all patients and staff out of the hospital.Expert SystemsAn expert system is a computer system that tries to solve a problem in a human expert on a particular subject area. Medical diagnoses can use the expert systems as the base that contains medical information, the systems of the patient would be used as a query and the advice would be diagnoses of the patient’s illness.Advanced Imaging TechnologyA?full-body scanner?is a device that detects objects on a person's body for security screening purposes, without physically removing clothes or making physical contact. Depending on the specific technology, the operator may see an alternate-wavelength image of the person's naked body or merely a cartoon-like representation of the person with an indicator showing where any suspicious items were detected.They come across as a very large x-ray to show the correct things in the body.Camera used for diagnostics and surgeryCameras can be used in diagnostic and surgery so the images taken help the doctors and staffs sees different parts of the human body that they wouldn't be able to view as it is difficult. This is also the used to see if the patient has taken anything, i.e. drugs, etc.Telepresence Technology In hospitals they use things called Telepresence robots which are mobile forms of video-conferencing technology which features: a camera; screen; microphone and speakers. They move around on wheels in order to be mobile. They also use these robots for surgery as the doctors think that using the robot will make the outcome more efinent.Uses and Benefits of Telepresence TechnologyAdvantages:Saves time and money on fuel and expensive.Improves communication as it is face-to-face conversations.Reduces the need to travel mileage.This is to help people contact centres if they cannot reach a face-to-face conversation. This gives the customer the courage to collect advice and expectations. Electronic Patient Records (EPRs)This system is commonly referred to as the?Electronic Patient Record (EPR), and comprises a series of software applications which bring together key clinical and administrative data in one place.EPR Advantages and DisadvantagesAdvantages:More efficient and accurate transferability of record.Cost reduction.Increase patient safety as it reduces and/or corrects errors.Disadvantages:Data protection and enabling secure access is an issue when implementing any system.Safeguards must be made against unwanted third party access.ICT Software used in hospitalsSoftware is used to program the computer system. The instruction that make the system work and which the system follows is the software.Software used in hospitals:Operating systems: So functions can be carried outNetwork Software: to control LAN networks Backup Software: Creates copies of each data entryUtility programs: Prevents unauthorised access to the hospital dataApplication software: Web Browsers, email, word processing, spreadsheets, presentation software and relational databases. Accessing Patient RecordsThe hospitals can access the patient’s records through the LAN network. Patients can be easily accessed on tablets, hand-held devices and many more.SensorsSensors are used in electronics-based medical equipment to convert various forms of stimuli into electrical signals for analysis. Uses of sensors in hospitals:TemperatureBlood PressurePulseBlood SugarHeart rateRespiratory rateAdvantages:More accurate: No errorsReal time monitoringProcessing Sensor DataPeople use sensors to capture data about physical conditions and convert the data into electrical signals.They convert physical quantity into a signal which can be read when converted by either a person or a computer robot.Patient-Monitoring SystemsThe hospitals use machines that are connected to a system that keep track of your body levels and also keep you under control so if you have a fit or sesure it will bleep loudly to get assistants to come and help rescue the person involved.Wireless TechnologyIt is useful when cables are not allowed, however it is not as secure as cables technology because the data is transmitted by radio waves which can be intercepted by others. They must be secured by using passwords and encrypting data.Wireless technology is useful in hospitals as doctors can connect portable devices to WiFi.They also use radio waves to control the wireless technology.Wireless and Hand-held TechnologyWireless technology used in hospitals:- Wireless Sensors: Measure blood pressure, temperature, heart, breathing and more-A sensor in order to track the amount of oxygen in the patient.It is already used in hospitals as devices can now fit into a pocket that enables patients to walk around the hospital. Wireless sensors are used with patients whereas hand-held technology is used by staff.Using Tablet Computers in Clinical SettingsAccessing the health records for that person.Finding medical information.Monitoring the patients conditions whilst they stay.Viewing radiology images from home, on the wards, or during surgeries. ................
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