MENOPAUSE, PERIMENOPAUSE, POSTMENOPAUSE.
[Pages:54]MENOPAUSE, PERIMENOPAUSE, POSTMENOPAUSE.
Dr G. Girardet Nendaz, MD H?pitaux Universitaires de Gen?ve,
Sept 2001
Plan
z General considerations about aging z Definitions z Endocrinology of the perimenopause z Endocrinology of the menopause z Estrogen Deficiency
? Symptoms and signs ? The Brain ? The Bones ? Cardiovascular system
Aging
? 1650 mio of human being in 1900 ? 6168 mio of human being in 2000
? In the next 25 years in western countries
? People over 65 will increase from 82 % ? Newborn will increase from 3 % ? People 20 to 65 will increase from 46 %
Aging and Quality of Life
? There is some interest to maintain our old population in good health, by
? exercise ? stop smocking ? not much of alcohol ? control obesity
? Good Quality of Life allows Choices
Definition
? Menopause: permanent cessation of menstruation following the loss of ovarian activity. 12 months.
? Median age: 50 to 52 years old
? Post hysterectomy: FSH > 30-60 U/l
Definition
? Perimenopause :
? Period of time where a woman passes from the reproductive stage of life to the menopause.
? May starts about 8 years before menopause.
? Marked by irregular cycles and climacteric symptoms.
From the endocrinologic point of view
? Menopause is the end point of a process.
? Hormones are stable ? Take care of the long term consequences of
hypoestrogenisme.
? Perimenopause is an on going process
? Hormones are fluctuating ? Key word is "variability" ? Take care of the short term consequences
Premature ovarian failure
? POF = before 40 years old
? Many causes:
? Genetics: premutation of chrom. X ? Enzymatic ? Physical agents (radiotherapy; anticancer) ? Immunologic ? Failure of FSH/LH ? Idiopathic
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