LANGUAGE ARTS 10



LANGUAGE ARTS 10

IMAGERY

Name: ___________________________________________ Date: __________

Poetry (or any good writing, for that matter) couldn’t exist without imagery (a.k.a. sensory details, sensory images). It is the single most important aspect.

Imagery means using words that appeal to the senses (sight, smell, sound, touch, and taste).

Imagery can be either literal or figurative. Literal imagery means the writer is giving an actual description of something—for example: the apple was read and shiny. Figurative imagery means the writer is using figurative language to describe something. Figurative language includes simile, metaphor, and personification, most commonly. All of these are types of comparisons, but when a writer uses one, she doesn’t mean for the reader to take the comparison literally. An example of figurative imagery is: The rain danced on the windshield. In this example, personification is being used to describe rain drops splashing on a windshield, possibly making a tapping sound. We are not meant to think the rain drops actually put on little tap shoes and did a routine!

In order to create either literal or figurative imagery, a writer must carefully choose her words (word choice is also known as diction). Nouns should be concrete and specific. What does this mean? A concrete noun is something you can see, hear, smell, touch, or taste. If a noun is not concrete, it is abstract. Abstract nouns are ideas.

Abstract Concrete

Pride Table

Love Thunder

Enthusiasm Gasoline

Respect Vanilla

Attitude Fur

Concrete nouns can still be non-specific, though, and the more specific the nouns, the better imagery that is created. Consider this chart:

|General Noun |More Specific Noun |Most Specific Noun |

|Animal |Dog |Golden Retriever |

|Person |Woman |Mrs. Martin |

|Apparel |Shoes |Ugg Boots |

You Try It!

For each noun below, label it as either concrete or abstract. Then rank the noun’s specificity. Give general nouns a - and give specific nouns a + .

1. hum

2. orangutan

3. champagne

4. knowledge

5. wrinkle

6. eternity

7. beauty

8. foe

9. smile

10. pimple

11. hero

12. pain

13. drum

14. horror

15. shame

16. dream

17. love

18. bird

19. cobweb

20. tune

While nouns are one important way writers create imagery, it can also be created by verb and modifier (adjective/adverb) choices. For example, “She walked” is not really imagery. But “She shuffled” or “She strutted” is more visual. (“Shuffle” even implies a sound.) Or, “I felt his hand on my arm” doesn’t really create imagery. But, “I felt his warm, rough hand on my arm” does.

Many people think something is imagery when really it isn’t—for example “a bad smell.” Many people would say that this is imagery because you can smell a “bad smell.” But really you can’t. You can think of things that smell bad, but neither the word “bad” nor the word “smell” evoke a concrete, specific idea; therefore, this is not imagery!

Sensory Imagery or Not?

Remember that sensory imagery is something you can see, hear, smell, touch, or taste. Decide if each of the following is sensory imagery or not:

1. A beautiful day

2. New cut grass

3. Shiny paper

4. A brown table

5. A depressed feeling

6. A loud buzz

7. An annoying voice

8. Salty

9. Scrumptious

10. A happy heart

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