World Anti-Doping

World Anti-Doping Code

The World Anti-Doping Code was first adopted in 2003 and took effect in 2004. It was subsequently amended four times, the first time effective 1 January 2009, the second time effective 1 January 2015, the third time effective 1 April 2018 (compliance amendments) and the fourth time effective 1 June 2019 (reporting of certain endogenous substances as Atypical Findings). The revised 2021 World Anti-Doping Code is effective as of 1 January 2021.

Published by:

World Anti-Doping Agency Stock Exchange Tower 800 Place Victoria (Suite 1700) PO Box 120 Montreal, Quebec Canada H4Z 1B7

URL: wada-

Tel: +1 514 904 9232 Fax: +1 514 904 8650 E-mail: code@wada-

Table of Contents

PURPOSE, SCOPE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE WORLD ANTIDOPING PROGRAM AND THE CODE...........................................................9

THE CODE..............................................................................................9 THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING PROGRAM............................................10 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS..........................................................10 TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS...................................................................11 MODELS OF BEST PRACTICE AND GUIDELINES............................12

FUNDAMENTAL RATIONALE FOR THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING CODE......13

PART ONE DOPING CONTROL

INTRODUCTION........................................................................................16

ARTICLE 1 DEFINITION OF DOPING.......................................................19

ARTICLE 2 ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS.........................................19 2.1 PRESENCE OF A PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR ITS METABOLITES OR MARKERS IN AN ATHLETE'S SAMPLE..................................................................19 2.2 USE OR ATTEMPTED USE BY AN ATHLETE OF A PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR A PROHIBITED METHOD..........21 2.3 EVADING, REFUSING OR FAILING TO SUBMIT TO SAMPLE COLLECTION BY AN ATHLETE...................................22 2.4 WHEREABOUTS FAILURES BY AN ATHLETE..........................22 2.5 TAMPERING OR ATTEMPTED TAMPERING WITH ANY PART OF DOPING CONTROL BY AN ATHLETE OR OTHER PERSON..................................................................22 2.6 POSSESSION OF A PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR A PROHIBITED METHOD BY AN ATHLETE OR ATHLETE SUPPORT PERSON.....................................................22 2.7 TRAFFICKING OR ATTEMPTED TRAFFICKING IN ANY PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR PROHIBITED METHOD BY AN ATHLETE OR OTHER PERSON.......................23

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2.8 ADMINISTRATION OR ATTEMPTED ADMINISTRATION BY AN ATHLETE OR OTHER PERSON TO ANY ATHLETE IN-COMPETITION OF ANY PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR PROHIBITED METHOD, OR ADMINISTRATION OR ATTEMPTED ADMINISTRATION TO ANY ATHLETE OUT-OFCOMPETITION OF ANY PROHIBITED SUBSTANCE OR ANY PROHIBITED METHOD THAT IS PROHIBITED OUT-OF-COMPETITION.......................................23

2.9 COMPLICITY OR ATTEMPTED COMPLICITY BY AN ATHLETE OR OTHER PERSON...................................................23

2.10 PROHIBITED ASSOCIATION BY AN ATHLETE OR OTHER PERSON........................................................................24

2.11 ACTS BY AN ATHLETE OR OTHER PERSON TO DISCOURAGE OR RETALIATE AGAINST REPORTING TO AUTHORITIES.................................................25

ARTICLE 3 PROOF OF DOPING................................................................26

3.1 BURDENS AND STANDARDS OF PROOF................................26

3.2 METHODS OF ESTABLISHING FACTS AND PRESUMPTIONS.......................................................................27

ARTICLE 4 THE PROHIBITED LIST...........................................................31

4.1 PUBLICATION AND REVISION OF THE PROHIBITED LIST......31

4.2 PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES AND PROHIBITED METHODS IDENTIFIED ON THE PROHIBITED LIST.................32

4.3 CRITERIA FOR INCLUDING SUBSTANCES AND METHODS ON THE PROHIBITED LIST......................................33

4.4 THERAPEUTIC USE EXEMPTIONS ("TUEs")...............................35

4.5 MONITORING PROGRAM..........................................................40

ARTICLE 5 TESTING AND INVESTIGATIONS............................................41

5.1 PURPOSE OF TESTING AND INVESTIGATIONS.......................41

5.2 AUTHORITY TO TEST.................................................................41

5.3 EVENT TESTING.........................................................................43

5.4 TESTING REQUIREMENTS........................................................44

5.5 ATHLETE WHEREABOUTS INFORMATION..............................44

5.6 RETIRED ATHLETES RETURNING TO COMPETITION..............45

5.7 INVESTIGATIONS AND INTELLIGENCE GATHERING.............46

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World Anti-Doping Code 2021

ARTICLE 6 ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES........................................................47 6.1 USE OF ACCREDITED, APPROVED LABORATORIES AND OTHER LABORATORIES.......................47 6.2 PURPOSE OF ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES AND DATA..................48 6.3 RESEARCH ON SAMPLES AND DATA......................................48 6.4 STANDARDS FOR SAMPLE ANALYSIS AND REPORTING......49 6.5 FURTHER ANALYSIS OF A SAMPLE PRIOR TO OR DURING RESULTS MANAGEMENT............................................49 6.6 FURTHER ANALYSIS OF A SAMPLE AFTER IT HAS BEEN REPORTED AS NEGATIVE OR HAS OTHERWISE NOT RESULTED IN AN ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATION CHARGE.......................................................49 6.7 SPLIT OF A OR B SAMPLE........................................................50 6.8 WADA'S RIGHT TO TAKE POSSESSION OF SAMPLES AND DATA.................................................................51

ARTICLE 7 RESULTS MANAGEMENT: RESPONSIBILITY, INITIAL REVIEW, NOTICE AND PROVISIONAL SUSPENSIONS ...............................52

7.1 RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONDUCTING RESULTS MANAGEMENT...........................................................................52

7.2 REVIEW AND NOTIFICATION REGARDING POTENTIAL ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS.......................56

7.3 IDENTIFICATION OF PRIOR ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS...............................................................................56

7.4 PRINCIPLES APPLICABLE TO PROVISIONAL SUSPENSIONS...........................................................................56

7.5 RESULTS MANAGEMENT DECISIONS.......................................59 7.6 NOTIFICATION OF RESULTS MANAGEMENT DECISIONS.......60 7.7 RETIREMENT FROM SPORT....................................................61

ARTICLE 8 RESULTS MANAGEMENT: RIGHT TO A FAIR HEARING AND NOTICE OF HEARING DECISION......................................................61

8.1 FAIR HEARINGS........................................................................61 8.2 EVENT HEARINGS.....................................................................62 8.3 WAIVER OF HEARING...............................................................62 8.4 NOTICE OF DECISIONS............................................................62 8.5 SINGLE HEARING BEFORE CAS..............................................62

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