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Worms and Mollusks

Section 4 Segmented Worms

Main Idea

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Skim Section 4 of the chapter. Write three facts that you discovered about segmented worms.

1. Accept all reasonable responses.

2.

3.

Review Vocabulary Use your book or dictionary to define protostome.

protostome an animal with a mouth that develops from the opening in the

gastrula

New Vocabulary Use your book or dictionary to define each term.

crop part of the worm's digestive tract where food and soil taken in by the

mouth are stored before passing on to the gizzard

setae

tiny bristles on each segment that push into the soil and anchor the worm during movement

gizzard

muscular sac containing hard particles that help grind soil and food before they pass into the intestine

clitellum a thickened band of segments that produces a cocoon from which

young earthworms hatch

Academic Vocabulary Define convert to show its scientific meaning.

convert to change from one form to another

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Worms and Mollusks 265

Name Section 4 Segmented Worms (continued)

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Main Idea

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Body Structure

I found this information

on page

.

SE, pp. 745?748

RE, pp. 305?307

Summarize the characteristics of segmentation. Accept all

reasonable responses.

Segments separated by septa .

Segmentation

Segments contain structures for

digestion , excretion , and locomotion .

A segment's rigidity is created by

fluid within the coelom .

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Sequence the process of digestion in an earthworm.

Food and soil enter through the mouth.

They pass through the pharynx into the crop, where they are stored.

The soil and food pass to the gizzard, where they are ground.

The ground materials pass into the intestine, where nutrients are absorbed.

Undigested material passes out of the body through the anus.

266 Worms and Mollusks

Name Section 4 Segmented Worms (continued)

Date

Main Idea

Details

Diversity of Annelids/Ecology

of Annelids/ Evolution of Mollusks and

Annelids

I found this information

on page

.

SE, pp. 748?751

RE, pp. 307?308

Organize information about annelids. Identify two characteristics

of each annelid. Then write the class to which they belong. Accept

all reasonable responses.

fanworms bristleworms

leeches

earthworms

well-developed sense organs, including eyes; many setae; parapodia for swimming

flattened bodies; no setae; front and rear suckers; saliva contains chemical anesthetic

ingest soil to extract nutrients; aerate the soil; sensitive to light and vibrations

Class: Polychaeta

Class: Hirudinea

Class: Oligochaeta

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Analyze two ways that each of these annelids benefit their ecosystem. Accept all reasonable responses.

Earthworms

food for many animals

aerate the soil

Marine Polychaetes

convert organic debris on the ocean floor into carbon dioxide food for marine predators

Sequence these developments in the evolution of annelids: body suckers, parapodia, clitella. From earliest to latest: parapodia, clitella, body suckers

SUMMARIZE Compare the type of circulatory system found in annelids with that found in some mollusks. State the advantage of the annelid type.

Accept all reasonable responses. Annelids have closed circulatory systems, with the blood

entirely enclosed in blood vessels. Some mollusks also have open circulatory systems, in

which the blood flows through vessels and in open spaces. A closed system provides a

more efficient means for gas exchanges (oxygen and carbon dioxide) in the animal.

Worms and Mollusks 267

Name

Tie It Together

Create a mini poster that highlights the diversity of worms.

Accept all reasonable responses.

Date

SUMMARIZE

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

268 Worms and Mollusks

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