Ecology - Revision Questions - …



Ecology - Revision Questions1. Write down the word equation for photosynthesisWater + carbon dioxide -> glucose + oxygen2. Write down the word equation for respirationOxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water + energy3. What is the purpose of each of the processes above?Photosynthesis stores energy in foodRespiration releases energy from food4. Draw a food chain with 4 organisms and label the producers, consumers and trophic levelsTrophic level 1Trophic level 2Trophic level 3Trophic level 4GrassGrass hopperFrogHawkProducerConsumer5. Fill in the boxes to show how much energy is passed on to each trophic level from the original energy provided by the Sun6. Based on the completed flow diagram above, if food was scarce, would it be better to eat wheat or eat cows fed on wheat? Why?Wheat because there is more energy available without it being wasted when eaten by the cows.7. What is the population density of:a) 20 students in a 80 m2 classroomdensity = 20 divide 80 = 0.25 students per m2b) a field of 400 m2 with 800 rabbitsdensity = 800 divide 400 = 2 rabbits per m28. Calculate the estimated population of fleas on a dog when the following data was taken. Use the mark-recapture method.Number of caught and tagged fleas on day 1: 30Number of caught fleas on day 2: 45Number of fleas that had tags on day 2: 10 Population = QUOTE 9. Using the mark-recapture method, estimate the total population of slimy toad caterpillars based on the following data.Total area: 30 m2Smaller area studied: 2 m2Number of caught and tagged slimy toad caterpillars on day 1: 6Number of caught slimy toad caterpillars on day 2: 8Number of slimy toad caterpillars that had tags on day 2: 5 INSERT SOLUTION HERE10. The swan river gets regular algal blooms. What causes an algal bloom? Give one environmental issue that an algal bloom can lead to.Algal blooms are caused by Eutrophication (large amounts of nutrients entering the water). It can lead to the death of marine organisms when algae uses the oxygen in the water.11.. What is precipitation? What is condensation? What is evaporation?Precipitation is rain. Condensation is gas changing to liquid. Evaporation is liquid changing to gas.12. How do the above two terms fit in with the water cycle?The ocean evaporates from the heat of the sun, and then condenses into clouds in the cold atmosphere. When it is heavy enough it falls down as precipitation.13. What are 2 sources that supply carbon to the atmosphere?Plant and animals by respiration. Burning of fossil fuels.14. How is carbon removed from the atmosphere?Plant photosynthesis15. Regardless where they are produced, toxins are able to spread around the world. Is it healthier to eat 1 kg of small fish or a single large fish weighing 1 kg? Why?The small fish. Toxins accumulate in the largest consumers (biomagnification). There will be less overall toxins in the small fish.16. Give one example of biological control used in Australia. Explain why this biological control was used.Dung beetle buries cow pats, improving soil quality and reducing buffalo flies.Cane toad to eat the cane beetle.17. What is one advantage and one disadvantage of biological control compared to other control methods.Advantage is that biological control hopefully only targets the pest instead of all plants and animals like pesticides.Disadvantage is that if it gets out of control, it can become a pest itself (E.g.: cane toad).18. Indicate on the diagram below where the most likely salinisation issue would occur.19. What is salinisation?When the water table rises, bring salts with it to the top soil20. Match the adaptation type to its descriptionPhysiologicalPhysical features of an organismStructuralThe actions an organism doesBehaviouralThe way an organism’s body works21. Give one example of each of the adaptations above.Structural – body colourings, body coverings, length of legs, arms, feet, height etc.Behavioural – defence postures (hissing cat, snake rearing up), mating dances, sleep patterns, web building etc.Physiological – panting, sweating, water retention, blinking when eyes in danger etc. 22. What abiotic factors could affect a mosquito who lives near the creek and lays their eggs in the creek?Water speed, wind speed, temperature ................
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