Writing Exercise: Various Sentence Patterns
Writing Exercise: Various Sentence Patterns
| |I, should you unfaithful, will immediately break this relationship between us. |
| |To Japanese men, wives are like artworks which they can appreciate/enjoy at home. |
| |He shouted at the monster, a creature with burning eyes and flaming wings, while he took up his sword and shield. |
| |“Zombies! Coming!” Yelled the woman. |
| |Love is like a red red rose. |
| |Who knows? |
| |I am here, My Lord. |
| |Vincent is our dictionary. |
| |She is/looks/poses herself as gorgeous as Venus. |
| |The river cries./The wind shrieks. |
| |Tears dropped. |
| |The little boy stood beside the swimming pool, his eyes twinkling. |
| |He exploded with rage. |
| |The ceremony, weather permitting, will be held outside. |
| |The little boy stood beside the swimming pool, his eyes bleeding. |
| |Oh, you are my flower. |
| |The little boy stood beside the swimming pool, his eyes glistering with tears. |
| |Mother is my fountain of inspiration, sword of courage and pillow of comfort. |
| |Heart devastated. |
| |What on earth is that! |
| |The little boy stood beside the swimming pool, his eyes glaring. |
| |Silence/Time lasted/screams/speaks/kills/sings. |
| |The little boy stood beside the swimming pool, his eyes peeping out at those wonders, God’s given. |
| |Literally speaking, to civilize Junior High students is a job coming straight from Hell. |
|24 |Figurative language |
| |Simile |
| |It is not easy as striking a match on a mirror. |
| |metaphor |
| |He is her 7-11. |
| |They stepped forth into the sea of matrimony and found it a very rocky road. |
| |allusion |
| |Tender is the night. (alludes to Keats’s nightingale ode) |
| |Flee now; pray later. (alludes to the familiar advertising slogan “Fly now; pay later.”) |
| |Linguistics is my Achilles’’ heel. |
| |personification |
| |The storm screams defiance. |
| |This is a society in terminal illness. |
| |irony |
| |I couldn’t wait for joining the army! |
| |Hyperbole/understatement |
| |A hundred years should go to praise/ Thine eyes, and on thy forehead gaze;/ Two hundred to adore each breast,/ But |
| |thirty thousands to the rest/ --Marvell’s “To This Coy Mistress” |
| |Seeing the house collapsed, he did nothing but humming a childhood song. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|23 |The deliberate fragment |
| |(in a description) And those daffodils dancing in the spring breeze! |
| |(for transition) First, the chocolate and the roses. |
| |(for indicating conclusions) All too late. |
| |(for structuring a question or an answer) Based on love? No kidding. |
| |(for making exclamations or emphasis) What a price to pay! |
| |(for making explanation) All because of love. |
| |(in aphorisms or fragments of cliches) The more the merrier for us. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|22 |A short question for dramatic effect |
| |Who cares? |
| |What if the president calls? |
| |You made an A in Professor Killer’s class? |
| |What comes next? |
| |Who will bell the cat? –William Langland, Piers the Plowman |
| |(your own sentence) |
|21 |The short, simple sentence for relief or dramatic effect. |
| |Days passed. |
| |Perseverance pays. |
| |All efforts wasted. |
| |It so happened. |
| |Jesus wept. –The Bible |
| |Know thyself. –Plutarch, Lives. |
| |Call me Ishmael. –Melville, Moby Dick. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|20 |Absolute construction (noun plus participle) anywhere in the sentence |
| |The worldwide economy, God willing, will soon return to normal. |
| |I plan to settle in Hualing (my pension permitting) as soon as I retire. |
| |All things considered, the situation looks favorable. |
| |Casesar continues his march through Gaul, his army tattered, exhausted, hardened—but victorious. |
| |As absolute construction has no grammatical connection with the sentence, it mush always have some punctuation, such as|
| |a pair of commas, dashes, or parentheses. |
| |The little boy stood beside the swimming pool, his eyes ____________. |
| |The accordion player’s hands raced over the keys, his right hand ____________, his left hand __________. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|19 |Dependent Clause |
| |S (dependent clause as subject) V . |
| |S V (dependent clause as object. |
| |Why he deserted his family is a mystery to me. |
| | |
| |Genius, not stupidity, has limits. |
|18 |A paired construction for contrast only |
| |…this …not that; not this but that |
| |The symphony conductor was convinced that it was she, not the orchestra, and certainly not the music, that the audience|
| |had come to honor. |
| |Genius, not stupidity, has limits. |
| |Count the nights by stars, not shadows. |
| |The reason that KMT won the presidential campaign lies not in the charm of their candidate but in ____________. |
| |The purpose of taking a writing class is not to train students to write perfect sentences but ____________. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|17 |Paired Constructions |
| |Not only … but also |
| |Just as …, so too … |
| | |
| |If not … at least |
| |The more …the more |
| | |
| |The Former…, the latter…. |
| |Whether …or |
| | |
| |So …that |
| |Such …that |
| | |
| |Not only … more than that |
| |Both …and |
| | |
| |As …as |
| |Neither …nor |
| | |
| |Not so …as |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |If not praise, at least not blame. |
| |American tourists must realize that violations of laws in China are serious not only because they flaunt traditional |
| |codes of behavior but also because they reflect contempt for Oriental culture. |
| |The more I saw films by that director, the less I liked to recommend him. |
| |To accomplish great things, we must not ony act, but also dream; not only plan, but also believe. –Anatole France |
| |The more earnest he tries to please his girl friend, ____________. |
| |Even though I broke up with my boyfriend, I feel that I owe him nothing, neither in ____________ nor in ____________. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|16 |Complete inversion of normal pattern |
| |Object or complement or modifier V S. |
| |From the guru’s prophecy radiated a faith that ultimately all would be well. |
| |Down the street and into the village the presidential candidate shook hands with every potential supporter. |
| |From his years of suffering came eventual ____________. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|15 |Object or complement before S V |
| |His kind of sarcasm I do not like. |
| |Content he can remain with his money; true friends he will never have. |
| |Honest and sincere a president should always be. |
| |__________ a child seldom understands. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|14 |Prepositional phrase S V (or V S). |
| |Down under the roller coaster, the world has a peculiar horror. |
| |After that, he stopped day-dreaming. |
| |“From his tongue flowed speech sweeter than honey.” –Homer, Illiad. |
| |__________ stood the housewife holding a loaded shot gun. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|13 |A single modifier out of place for emphasis |
| |Modifier ______, S V. |
| |As a whole, people tend to be forgetful. (Notify the comma) |
| |Below, the traffic looked like a necklace of ants. |
| |The general demanded absolute obedience, instant and unquestioning. |
| |The autumn leaves, burgundy red and fiery orange, showered down like a cascade of butterflies. |
| |I always have this dream in my mind that, if possible, __________. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|12 |Introductory or concluding participles |
| |Overwhelmed by the tear gas, the rioters groped their way toward the fountain to wash their eyes. |
| |Wet-eyed, dumbstruck by his performance, I pulled a five-dollar bill out of my wallet and dropped that into the paper |
| |bag. |
| |(rewrite the following sentence, beginning with the participle) |
| |If you water your African violets carefully they will burst into bloom. |
| |The residents of the apartment obeyed the water restriction rule and they watered the lawn on Thursdays. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|11 |A variation: same word repeated in parallel structure |
| |S V repeated key word in same position of the sentence. |
| |“Lust and Caution” captures a moment of time, a moment of passion, a moment of perverse indulgence. |
| |“Villainy is the matter; baseness is the matter; deception, fraud, conspiracy are the matter.” –Charles Dickens, David |
| |Copperfield |
| |“You are as young as your faith, as old as your doubt, as young as your self-confidence, as old as your despair.” |
| |–-Stanley Ullman, 15th C French essayist. |
| |Your grandmother was right; there is nothing new under the sun, nothing __________, nothing ____________, (only) |
| |____________. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|10 |Repetition of a key term |
| |S V key term, repeated key term. . |
| |We all inhabit a mysterious world—the inner world, the world of the mind. |
| |In “The Lottery” Shirley Jackson mocks community worship of outworn customs, customs that no longer have meaning, |
| |customs that deny man his inherent dignity and link him with the uncivilized world of beasts. |
| |Never give in, never give in, never, never, never, never—in nothing great or small, large or petty--never give in |
| |except to convictions of honor and good sense. –by Winston Churchill, Address at Harrow School, October 1941 |
| | |
| |The destruction made by the earthquake is devastating, devastating to __________, devastating also to ____________. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|9 |Dependent clauses in a pair or in a series. |
| |If . . . , if . . . , if . . . , then S V. |
| |When . . . , when . . . , when . . . , S V. |
| |S V that . . . , that . . . , that . . . |
| |When he smelled the pungent odor of pine, when he heard the chatter of jays interrupting the silence, when he saw the |
| |startled doe, the hunter knew he had reached the center of the forest. |
| |Whether one needs fantasy or whether one needs stark realism, the theater can become a mirror of life. |
| | |
| |If you have ______________, if ______________, if ______________, you don’t have to be nervous before the exam. |
| |When I __________, when I ____________, when I ________, I know I am reaching home. |
| |(your own sentence) |
|8 |An internal series of appositives or modifiers. |
| |S—appositive/modifier, appositive/modifier, appositive/modifier—V. |
| |The necessary qualities for political life—guile, ruthlessness and garrulity—he learned by carefully copying his |
| |father’s style. |
| |Many of the books kids enjoy reading (Snow White, Cinderella, Little Red Riding Hood) portray women in traditional and |
| |often single-dimentional roles. |
| | |
| |The basic necessities in life-- ______________, ______________, ______________--make you qualified as a modern man. |
| |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |_____ . |
|7 |An introductory series of appositives. |
| |Appositive, appositive, appositive—summary word S V. |
| |Vanity, greed, corruption-which serves as the novel’s source of conflict? |
| |An old photograph, a haunting fragrance, a sudden view of a half-forgotten scene—something unexpectedly triggers our |
| |nostalgia for the past. |
| |The petty, the wronged, the fallen, the dignified, the cowardly, the righteous, the lustful—each played an important |
| |role on the stage of Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. |
| | |
| |To ______________, to ______________, to ______________--such are the goals of the average Taiwanese university |
| |students. |
| |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |_____ . |
|6 |A series of balanced pairs. |
| |A and B, C and D, E and F. |
| |The story of Spain is a history of kings and poets, saints and conquistadores, emperors and revolutionaries, Cervantes |
| |and Picasso. |
| |It’s amazing how lifeless elements like stone and wood, nails and plaster, glass and metal take on a soul after you |
| |turn them into a house. |
| |Eager yet fearful, confident but somewhat suspicious, Jason eyed the barber who would give him his first haircut. |
| | |
| |______________ and ______________, ______________ and ______________, ______________ and ______________, he stands on |
| |the podium and accepts the award from the President. |
| |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |_____ . |
|5 |A series with a variation. |
| |A or B or C. A and B and C. |
| |Peering down from the hill, Merlin could see the castle swathed in gloom and fear and death. |
| |Despite his handicaps, I have never seen Larry angry or cross or depressed. |
| |During World War II from fall into the summer of 1940, Germany rolled into Poland, and Denmark and Norway and Holland |
| |and Belgium and finally France. |
| | |
| |Looking toward Mount Jade, I could see that the fading afternoon sun had tinted it ______________ and ______________ |
| |and _______________. |
| |What will be the main issues in the next presidential campaign, ______________ or ______________ or _______________? |
| |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |_____ . |
|4 |A series with a conjunction. |
| |A, B, C. |
| |Since unification in Berlin, walls have come down, barriers have been broken, bonds have been formed. |
| |Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being’s heart the love of wonder, the sweet amazement of the stars and the |
| |starlike things, the undaunted challenge of events, the unfailing childlike appetite of “what-next” in the joy of the |
| |game of living. |
| |Our priorities run to safety over style, value over flash, comfort over speed. |
| |Oil booms are short-lived, speculative, ruinous to those who rely on them. |
| | |
| |______________, ______________, _______________ are my favorite summertime activities. |
| |______________, ______________, _______________, the boy staggered away from the girl with only a letter in his hand. |
| |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |_____ . |
|3 |General statement (idea): specific statement (example). |
| |Darwin’s Origin of Species forcibly states a harsh truth: only the fittest survive. |
| |Remember what the old saying prudently advises: be careful what you wish for because you may actually get it. |
| |Weekdays are very similar to identical suitcases: they are all the same size, but some people can pack more into them |
| |than others. |
| | |
| |______________ are very similar to ______________: ________________________________. |
| |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |_______ . |
|2 |S V DO or SC; S, DO or SC. |
| |We like classical music; George, punk rock. |
| |An artist’s instinct is intuitive, not rational; aesthetic, not pragmatic. |
| | |
| |For some students the party was a chance of making new friends; ______________. |
| |An owl symbolizes wisdom; ________________________________. |
| |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |_______ . |
|1. |S V; S V; S V. |
| |To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornamentation is affectation; to make judgment |
| |wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. |
| |Touch not; taste not; handle not. |
| | |
| |He was daring; he was radical; but mostly ________________________. |
| |Some people blamed the mayor; ____________________; ___________. |
| |_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |________ . |
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