Mrs.Medina's AP and CP US History Classes



Period 7, Part 21. Federal Reserve ActRegulated banking to help small banks stay in business. A move away from laissez-faire policies, it was passed by Wilson.2. Income taxThe first step toward building government revenues and redistributing wealth, a tax that was levied on annual income over a specific amount and with certain legally permitted deductions.3. Federal Trade Commission, Cease and Desist OrdersA government agency established in 1914 to prevent unfair business practices and help maintain a competitive economy.4. Clayton Antitrust Act, labor's Magna Carta1914 - Extended the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 to give it more power against trusts and big business. It outlawed practices that had a dangerous likelihood of creating a monopoly, even if no unlawful agreement was involved.5. Federal Highways Act, 1916Passed by Wilson, it provided federal money to build roads. It helped to provide competition to the railroads' monopoly on public transportation.6. Jones Act, 1916 (Philippine)Promised Philippine independence. Given freedom in 1917, their economy grew as a satellite of the U.S. Filipino independence was not realized for 30 years.7. Jones Act, 1917 (Puerto Rico)1917 - Puerto Ricans won U.S. citizenship and the right to elect their own upper house.8. Mexican Revolution, Diaz, Huerta, CarranzaDiaz was ruler of Mexico for 34 years, and caused much terror and bloodshed. Many people fled to the U.S. to plan a revolution. Huerta, in 1913, overthrew Diaz as dictator and had him murdered. Carranza was the leader of the forces against Huerta. The Mexican Revolution was an unstable situation that led to distrust between the U.S. and Mexico.9. Mexican Migration to the U.S.In the 1800's, Mexicans began moving north to work in agriculture. In the 1920's, they moved into the cities. Men outnumbered women. They faced racial discrimination from Whites.10. "Watchful Waiting"Often said by President Monroe during the U.S.'s isolationism period, when the U.S. was trying to stay out of the affairs of other countries in order to avoid war.11. Triple Entente; AlliesBritain, France and Russia all had economic and territorial ambitions and they all disliked Germany, so they formed an alliance for protection.12. Triple Alliance; Central PowersGermany, Austria and Hungary formed an alliance for protection from the Triple Entente.13. Loans to the AlliesDuring WWII, loans were offered under the Lend-Lease Act, which became law March 11, 1914. The U.S. spent $54 billion.14. British blockadeDeclared a loose, ineffectual and hence illegal blockade, it defined a broad list of contraband which was not to be shipped to Germany by neutral countries.15. Lusitania, Arabic Pledge, Sussex PledgeMay 7, 1915 - British passenger ships were regularly sunk by German subs, but the Lusitania had Americans aboard and brought the U.S. into the war. Germany promised to stop submarine warfare.16. Zimmerman note1917 - Germany sent this to Mexico instructing an ambassador to convince Mexico to go to war with the U.S. It was intercepted and caused the U.S. to mobilized against Germany, which had proven it was hostile.17. Russian Revolutions, 1917, March and BolshevikAfter years of oppression, the peasants rebelled against the czars. The first government was democratic and weak, so another revolution overthrew that government and instituted a Communist government lead by the Bolshevik party under Lenin. Lenin pulled Russia out of WWI (The Germans may have aided his rise to power so they would not have to fight on two fronts).18. War Industries BoardThe most powerful agency of the war, it had to satisfy the allied needs for goods and direct American industries in what to produce.19. Espionage Act, 1917; Sedition Act, 1918Brought forth under the Wilson administration, they stated that any treacherous act or draft dodging was forbidden, outlawed disgracing the government, the Constitution, or military uniforms, and forbade aiding the enemy.20. AEFAmerican Expeditionary Force was the first American ground troops to reach the European front. Commanded by Pershing, they began arriving in France in the summer of 1917.21. Selective service 1917 - Stated that all men between the ages of 20 and 45 had to be registered for possible military service. Used in case draft became necessary.22. Fourteen PointsWilson's idea that he wanted included in the WWI peace treaty, including freedom of the seas and the League of Nations.23. Versailles Conference, Versailles TreatyThe Palace of Versailles was the site of the signing of the peace treaty that ended WW I on June 28, 1919. Victorious Allies imposed punitive reparations on Germany.24. Big Four: Wilson, George, Clemenceau, OrlandoLeaders of the four most influential countries after World War I - U.S., Britain, France and Italy, respectively.25. League of NationsDevised by President Wilson, it reflected the power of large countries. Although comprised of delegates from every country, it was designed to be run by a council of the five largest countries. It also included a provision for a world court.26. Collective SecurityAn Article 10 provision of the League charter, it stated that if one country was involved in a confrontation, other nations would support it. Collective security is agreements between countries for mutual defense and to discourage aggression.27. New Nations, self determinationAfter WW I, Germany, Eastern Europe and the western portion of the former Russian Empire split into new countries. Wilson wanted them to have their own governments.28. ReparationsAs part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war. Opposed by the U.S., it quickly lead to a severe depression in Germany.29. Senate rejection, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, reservationsLodge was against the League of Nations, so he packed the foreign relations committee with critics and was successful in convincing the Senate to reject the treaty.30. Red Scare, Palmer raidsIn 1919, the Communist Party was gaining strength in the U.S., and Americans feared Communism. In January, 1920, Palmer raids in 33 cities broke into meeting halls and homes without warrants. 4,000 "Communists" were jailed, some were deported.31. "The Lost Generation"Writer Gertrude Stein named the new literary movement when she told Hemingway, "You are all a lost generation," referring to the many restless young writers who gathered in Paris after WW I. Hemingway used the quote in The Sun Also Rises. They thought that the U.S. was materialistic and the criticized conformity.32. Ku Klux Klan in the 1920'sBased on the post-Civil War terrorist organization, the Invisible Empire of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan was founded in Georgia in 1915 by William Simmons to fight the growing "influence" of blacks, Jews and Catholics in US society. It experienced phenomenal growth in the 1920's, especially in the Midwest and Ohio Valley states. It's peak membership came in 1924 at 3 million members, but its reputation for violence led to rapid decline by 1929.33. FundamentalistsBroad movement in Protestantism in the U.S. which tried to preserve what it considered the basic ideas of Christianity against criticism by liberal theologies. It stressed the literal truths of the Bible and creation.34. Immigration Acts, 1921, 1924, Quota System1921 - First legislation passed which restricted the number of immigrants. Quota was 357,800, which let in only 2% of the number of people of that nationality that were allowed in in 1890. 1924 - Limited the number of immigrants to 150,000 per year. ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download