Crop Physiology: Yield, Maturity Groups, and Growth Stages

[Pages:27]Soybean Physiology: Yield, Maturity Groups, and Growth Stages

Palle Pedersen Department of Agronomy

Iowa State University palle@iastate.edu 515-294-9905

?2003-2007 Palle Pedersen



?2003-2007 Palle Pedersen



Yield Components Compensatory Effect

Seed mass

Seed number

Seeds per pod

Pod number

?2003-2007 Palle Pedersen



Managing the soybean crop as a biomass generator

The photosynthetic process is not very efficient in the first place...

Soybean canopies convert less than 5% of the solar energy striking the earth's surface during the growing season into dry matter

?2003-2007 Palle Pedersen



(Taiz and Zeiger, 1998)

Seasonal Plant Development

Seed Filling

Seed Development

Pod Development

Phase III Maximum biomass

Flowering

Vegetative Growth

Phase II Linear biomass accumulation

Phase IV Senescence & maturation

Phase V Crop maturity

Biomass (g m-2)

Phase I Exponential biomass accumulation

?2003-2007 Palle Pedersen

Early

Late

R1

R3

R5

R7

Days after emergence



Effect of variety selection on soybean grain yield near Whiting, 2005

100.0 90.0

LSD (0.10) = 6.7 bu/acre

Yield (bu/acre)

80.0 70.0

Resistant Susceptible

60.0

50.0

40.0

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Source of resistance



Correlation between Grain Yield and Seed Number near Whiting, 2005

Yield (bu/acre)

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0

y = 0.02x + 14.108 R2 = 0.87

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Seed number (# per m2)

?2003-2007 Palle Pedersen



4000

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