Chapter 1, Review Questions



Chapter 9, Review Questions

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1. What is the relationship between semi-permanent subtropical anticyclones and the location of the world’s subtropical deserts?

2. How are the trade winds and westerlies linked to the semi-permanent subtropical anticyclones?

3. Describe the weather along the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ).

4. How do the subpolar lows change between winter and summer?

5. Why does the climate of Southern California feature a wet winter and dry summer?

6. In what way are the subtropical gyres of the ocean basins associated with the prevailing planetary-scale wind patterns?

7. Describe the seasonal shifts in the latitude of the polar front and the semi-permanent subtropical highs.

8. What causes the Southwest Monsoon?

9. Explain the association between weather extremes and a blocking pattern in the westerlies.

10. Why does a jet stream occur over the polar front?

Chapter 9, Critical Thinking Questions

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1. How does a jet streak supply upper-air support for the development of an extratropical cyclone?

2. Explain why a ridge in the 500-mb flow pattern is associated with a pool of relatively warm air.

3. Seasonal shifts in the location of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) are greater over the continents than over the ocean. Explain why.

4. Describe the steps in the development of the Southwest Monsoon.

5. How is a cut-off high pressure system in the atmosphere analogous to a whirlpool that develops in a swiftly flowing stream or river?

6. Explain why in winter a meridional flow pattern in the westerlies over the coterminous U.S. is more likely to favor development of intense extratropical cyclones than is a zonal pattern in the westerlies.

7. Why is ENSO referred to as a coupled phenomenon?

8. How does Ekman transport produce coastal and equatorial upwelling?

9. By examining the surface temperature pattern across North America, how can you determine the location of the polar front and jet stream?

10. Scientists are developing techniques to successfully predict El Niño and La Niña episodes a season or more in advance. What are the advantages of such advances?

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