Latin 200 – Pars IV (Capitula XXXII - XXXV)
Months of the Year: Iānuārius, Februārius, Mārtius, Aprīlis, Māius, Iūnius, Iūlius, Augustus, September, Octōber, November, December. Old names: Quīntīlis – July, Sextīlis – August.
Other things:
“-ne” – ending that makes a question
“-que” – ending that means “and”
Little words:
ā/ab/abs – from, away from, of, since, by (prep + abl)
ad – to, toward, by, at, near, until (prep + acc)
adhūc - so far, till now, still
adversus/-um (+acc) - toward, against
Aequē - equally
ain' - you don’t say? really?
aliquandō - once
aliquantum a good deal (meaning a lot of)
Aliquī, aliqua, aliquod - some
Aliquis, aliquid - someone, something
Aliquot - some, several (indeclinable – ending doesn’t change)
aliter otherwise
alterum tantum twice as much
an - or
ante – in front of, before (adverb or prep + accusative)
anteā before, formerly
antehāc formerly
antequam - before
apud – beside, near, by (prep + acc)
at - but
atque/ac - and, as, than
Attat/atat – Oh! (surprise, fear)
Aut – or
autem – but, however
bene - well
bis - twice
brevī soon
certē - certainly, at any rate
certō for certain
cēterum besides, however – ETC. (et cētera)
circā prp +acc around
circiter - about
circum – around, round (prep + acc)
cis prp +acc on this side of
citrā prp +acc on this side of
continuō immediately
contrā – against (prep +acc)
cōram (+abl) in the presence of
cotīdiē - every day
crās - tomorrow
cum – with (used as prep + abl); when, as (used as conjunction)
cum prīmum (+perfect) - as soon as
Cūr – why?
dē prp +abl - (down) from, of, about
deciēs - ten times
deinde/dein - afterward, then
dēmum - at last, only
dēnique finally, at last
dēnuō anew, again
deorsum adv down
diū, comparative diūtius – long (time)
diūtius – longer, still longer
domī - at home (locative of “domus”)
domum - home
dōnec - as long as
Dum - while, as long as, till
dummodo provided that, if only
dumtaxat only, just
ē/ex – out of, from, of, since (prep + ablative)
Ecce – see! Look! Behold!
ēia/hēia – ah! Ah ha! Good! (joy/surprise), quick! Come on! (haste) (ēia age! Come on!)
ēn look, here is
enim – because
eō - to that place, there
equidem - indeed, for my part (= ego quidem, I indeed)
ergā (+acc) - toward
ergō - therefore, so
Et – and
Et…et – both…and
etenim and indeed, for
Etiam – also, even, yet
etiam atque etiam - again and again
etiamnunc - still
Etsī - even if, although
euax! – hurray!
extrā prp +acc - outside
ferē about, almost
forās adv- out
forīs adv- outside, out of doors
forsitan perhaps, maybe
fortasse - perhaps, maybe
forte - by chance
frūstrā in vain
funditus to the bottom, utterly
haud not
herī - yesterday
Heu - o! alas!
Heus - hey! hello!
Hīc – here
Hinc - from here, hence
hodiē - today
hūc here, to this place
humī (locative) - on the ground
iam – already, now
ibi there
ideō for that reason
igitur - therefore, then, so
illīc – there
illinc from there
illūc there, thither (to that place)
Immō – no, on the contrary
In – in/on (w/ablative), into/onto (w/accusative)
inde from there, thence
īnfrā prp +acc - below
inter – between, among, amidst (preposition + accusative); inter sē - (with) one another
interdum now and then
intereā - meanwhile
interim - meanwhile
intrā prp +acc inside, within
intus inside
ita - so, in such a way
Itaque – therefore
item - likewise, also
iterum - again, a second time
iūre justly, rightly
iūxtā (prp +acc) next to, beside
libenter with pleasure, gladly
longē - far, by far
magis - more
male - badly, ill
māne - morning, in the morning (can be indeclinable [unchanging] noun or adverb)
māximē - most, especially
mēcum = cum me
minimē - by no means, not at all
modo - only, just
modo…modo now…now
mox - soon
multō + comp - much, by far
multum –ī, n - much (used w/genitive)
Nam – for/because; ending “-nam” - …ever?
namque because – basically same as “nam” – ignore “que”
nē quidem not even
nē that not, lest, that
nē…quidem not even
Nec = neque
nec vērō - but not
nec/neque ūllus - and no
nec/neque umquam and never
necesse est - it is necessary
nēmō, nēminī, nēminem - no one, nobody
Neque – and…not (more rarely, but…not – see nec vērō)
neque/nec quisquam and no one
Neque…neque – neither…nor
neu v. nē-ve/neu
nēve/neu and (that) not, nor
nihil/nīl - nothing
Nimis – too, too much
nimium too much
nisi - if not, except, but
nōlī, nōlīte + another infinitive - don’t…! Example: nōlī portāre = don’t carry! (to 1 person).
Nōn – not
nōndum - not yet
Nōnne – question word - expects “yes” answer.
nōnnūllī -ae -a some, several
nōnnumquam sometimes
nūllō modō - by no means
Num – question word - expects “no” for an answer
Numquam - never
nunc - now
nūper recently
nūper recently
O! – oh! (calling on someone)
ob (prp +acc) on account of
ōlim once, long ago, “once upon a time”
opus est - it is needed
paene nearly, almost
Papae – Great! Wow! Ouch! (delight, surprise, pain)
parum too little, not quite
paulisper - for a short time
paulō + comp, ante/post - a little
paulum - a little, little
Per – through, by, during (preposition + acc)
plānē plainly, clearly
plērīque plēraeque plēraque - most, most people
plērumque mostly
Post – behind, after, later (adverb or preposition + accusative)
posteā afterward, later
posthāc from now on, hereafter
postquam - after, since
postrēmō - finally
potius rather
prae prp +abl before, for
praecipuē especially, above all
praeter - past, besides, except (prep + acc)
praetereā - besides
prīdem - long ago
prīdiē the day before
prīmō at first
prīmum – first (adverb)
prius adv before
priusquam before
prō prp +abl for, instead of
Procul – far (from), far away
profectō - indeed, certainly
Prope – near, nearby (adverb or preposition + accusative)
propter (+acc) - because of
proptereā therefore
prōtinus at once
Quam (other use) – how, as, than; quam + superlative: as…as possible
quamdiū how long, (as long) as
quamobrem why
quamquam - although
quandō - when, as
quantum -ī n how much, (as much) as (acts like noun)
quāpropter why
quārē - why
quasi as, like, as if
quater - four times
Quia – because
quid – new meanings – “how?” “why?” (also means “what?”)
quīdam quae- quod- a certain, some
quidem indeed, certainly
quidnī why not
quidquam – anything; neque/nec quidquam and nothing
quidquid whatever, anything that
quīn why not, do…!
quīnquiēs - five times
quisnam, quidnam who/what ever?
quisquam anyone
quisque, quaeque, quodque - each
quisquis whoever, anyone who
Quō (other use) – where to?
Quod (other use) – because
quōmodo - how
quoniam as, since
Quoque – also/too
Quot – how many?
quotannīs every year
quotiēs - how many times
rārō - rarely, seldom
repente suddenly
rūrī loc in the country
saepe - often
Salvē! – Hello! (Good health! Be well!)
sānē - certainly, quite
Satis – enough, rather
scīlicet of course (it’s known)
Sē – himself / herself / itself
sēcum = cum se
secundum prp +acc along
Sed – but
semel - once
semper - always
sēsē himself
seu = sīve
sexiēs - six times
sī - if
sīc - in this way, so, thus
sīcut just as, as
simul - together, at the same time
simul atque (+perf) - as soon as
sīn but if
Sine – without (prep + ablative)
sīquidem seeing that, since
sīve/seu - or, or if
sīve…sīve - whether…or
sōlum – only
statim - at once
sub (prep +abl/acc) - under, near (abl w/verbs of rest, acc w/verbs of motion)
subitō suddenly
super - prp +acc - on (top of), above; prp +abl - on, about
suprā (prep + acc / adverb) - above
sūrsum up, upward
Tam – so, as
tamdiū so long, as long
tamen - nevertheless, yet
tamquam as, like
tandem at length, at last
tantum -ī n so much
tantundem just as much
tēcum = cum te
ter - three times
tot - so many
totiēs - so many times
trāns prp +acc across, over
tum - then
tunc - then
Tuxtax – sound effect for spanking/beating
Ubi – where?
ubi prīmum +perfect - as soon as
ubīque - everywhere
ultrā prp +acc beyond
umquam ever
ūnā - together
Unde – from where?
ūsque - up (to), all the time
ut - (alone) like, as; (as conjunction) that, in order that, to
utinam - I wish that, if only…!
utrum…an …or…? whether…or
valdē strongly, very (much)
valē, valēte - farewell, goodbye
-ve or
vel - or
velut like, as
vērō - really, however, but
versus: ad…versus – toward
vērum – but, truly, yes
vesperī - in the evening
vix - hardly, scarcely
Numbers: See chart in grammar section!
Nouns: (Vocābulum, Vocābulum Genetīvum, masc/fem/neut.)
aciēs aciēī f line of battle
admīrātiō admīrātiōnis f wonder, admiration
Adulēscēns, adulēscentis m - young man
aedificium -ī n building
aequinoctium -ī n - equinox
āēr, āeris m – air
aestās, aestātis f - summer
aetās aetātis f age
affectus -ūs m mood, feeling
ager agrī m field
agmen agminis n army on the march, file
agnus -ī m lamb
agricola -ae m farmer, peasant
āla -ae f - wing
altum -ī n - the open sea
Amāns, amantis, m - lover
Amīca, -ae, f – girlfriend
amīcitia -ae f friendship
Amīcus, -ī, m - friend
amnis -is m river
Amor, amōris m - love
amphitheātrum -ī n amphitheater
Ancilla, -ae, f – female servant/slave
anima, -ae f - breath, life, soul
animal, animālis n - animal, living being
animus -ī m mind, soul, spirit
annus -ī m - year
ānulus, -ī, m - ring
anus -ūs f old woman
apis, apis f – bee
Aqua, ae, f – water
aquila, -ae f – eagle
arānea -ae f spider, cobweb
arātor arātōris m plowman
arātrum -ī n plough
Arbor, arboris, f – tree
arcus -ūs m – bow
argentum -ī n silver
arma, armōrum n pl – arms (weapons)
ars artis f art, skill
as, assis, m - as (copper coin)
asinus -ī m - ass, donkey
ātrium, -ī, n – main room, hall
audācia -ae f boldness, audacity
aureus, -ī, m - gold piece (coin)
aurīga -ae m charioteer, driver
auris, auris, f – ear
aurum -ī n - gold
autumnus -ī m - autumn
auxilia, auxiliōrum n pl auxiliary forces
auxilium -ī n help, assistance
avis, avis, avium f – bird
avunculus -ī m - (maternal) uncle
baculum, -ī, n. – cane, staff (special stick)
balneum -ī n bath, bathroom
bāsium -ī n kiss
bellum -ī n – war
beneficium -ī n benefit, favor
bēstia -ae f - beast, animal
bēstiola -ae f - small animal, insect
bonum -ī n good, blessing
bōs bovis m/f - ox
bracchium -ī n - arm
cachinnus -ī m laugh, guffaw
caedēs -is f killing, slaughter
Caelum, -ī, n - sky, heaven
calamus -ī m - reed, pen
calceus -ī m - shoe
calida, ae, f – hot water
calor calōris m warmth, heat
Campus, -ī, m – plain (flat area of land)
Canis, -is, m or f - dog
cantus -ūs m singing, music
capillus -ī m – hair
Capitulum, -ī, n. – chapter
caput, capitis, n - head, chief, capital
carcer, carceris m prison
cardō, cardinis m door pivot, hinge
carmen -inis n song, poem
carō carnis f flesh, meat
castra, castrōrum n pl – camp
cāsus -ūs m fall, case
catēna -ae f - chain
cauda -ae f – tail
causa -ae f - cause, reason (causā + genitive (/meā) - for the sake of)
cēna -ae f dinner
cēra -ae f - wax
cerebrum -ī n – brain
certāmen certāminis n contest, fight
charta -ae f - paper
Cibus, -ī, m – food
circēnsēs -ium m pl games in the circus
circus -ī m circle, orbit, circus
cīvis, cīvis m/f - citizen, countryman
Clāmor, clāmōris, m - shout, shouting
classis classis f - fleet
clāvis, clāvis f - key
cocus -ī m cook
cognōmen, cognōminis n – surname
cohors cohortis f cohort
Collis, -is, m – hill
colloquium -ī n - conversation
Collum, -ī, n – neck
colōnus -ī m (tenant-) farmer
color, colōris m - color
columna -ae f - column
comes, comitis m - companion
cōmoedia -ae f comedy
comparātiō comparātiōnis f comparison
condiciō condiciōnis f condition
coniūnx, coniugis m/f - consort, wife
cōnsilium -ī n advice, decision, intention, plan
cōnsonāns, cōnsonantis f - consonant
cōnspectus -ūs m - sight, view
convīva -ae m/f guest
convīvium -ī n dinner-party
cōpia -ae f abundance, lot, supply
cor, cordis n – heart
cornū, cornūs n - horn
corpus, corporis n - body
cruor, cruōris m - blood, a stream of blood
crūs, crūris n – leg
crux crucis f cross
cubiculum, -ī, n. – bedroom
culīna -ae f kitchen
culter, cultrī, m - knife
cūnae -ārum f pl - cradle
cupiditās, cupiditātis f desire
cūra -ae f care, anxiety, concern
currus -ūs m - chariot
cursus -ūs m race, journey, course
dea -ae f - goddess
dēliciae -ārum f pl delight, pet
delphīnus -ī m dolphin
dēnārius -ī m - denarius (silver coin)
Dēns, dentis, m - tooth
deus -ī m, pl deī/diī/dī – a god (Deus = God)
dictum -ī n saying, words
diēs, diēī m (f) - day, date
Digitus, -ī, m - finger
discipulus, -ī, m - pupil, disciple
dīvitiae -ārum f pl riches
dolor, dolōris m - pain, grief – DOLORES (name), DOLEFUL
Domina, ae, f – mistress (as in female master), Madam, owner
Dominus, -ī, m. – master, owner, Sir
domus -ūs f, abl domō - house, home
dōnum -ī n - gift, present
dorsum -ī n back
dux ducis m - leader, chief, general
ēnsis -is m sword
epigramma -atis n epigram
epistula -ae f - letter (written to someone)
eques, equitis m – horseman
equitātus -ūs m – cavalry
Equus, -ī, m – horse
erus -ī m - master
Exemplum, -ī, n. – example
exercitus -ūs m – army
exitus -ūs m - exit, way out, end
expugnātiō, expugnātiōnis f conquest
faber, fabrī m - artisan, smith
fābula -ae f - story, fable, play
faciēs, faciēī f - face
factum -ī n - deed, act
falx falcis f sickle
fāma -ae f rumor, reputation
famēs famis f hunger, famine
Familia, ae, f – family
fātum -ī n fate, destiny, death
fēlīcitās -ātis f good fortune, luck
Fēmina, -ae, f. – woman
Fenestra, ae, f – window
fera -ae f - wild animal
ferrum -ī n - iron, steel
fidēs -eī f trust, faith, loyalty
fidēs -ium f pl lyre
fidēs, fidēī, f trust, faith, belief, honesty, guarantee, proof, promise/assurance
fidēs, fidis, f string (of musical instrument), lyre, lyric poetry
fidicen -inis m lyre-player
Fīlia, ae, f – daughter
fīliola -ae f - little daughter
fīliolus -ī m - little son
Fīlius, -ī, m. – son
fīlum -ī n - thread
fīnis, fīnis m - boundary, limit, end
flōs, flōris m - flower
flūctus -ūs m – wave (of water)
flūmen -inis n - river
Fluvius, -ī, m. – river
folium -ī n – leaf
foris, foris f - leaf of a door, door
fōrma -ae f - form, shape, figure
fortūna -ae f fortune
forum -ī n - square, forum (city square)
fossa -ae f - ditch, trench
frāter, frātris m – brother
fretum -ī n strait
frīgus frīgoris n cold
frōns, frontis f – forehead
frūgēs frūgum f plural fruit, crops
frūmentum -ī n corn, grain
fuga -ae f flight
fulgur, fulguris n - flash of lightning
fundus -ī m bottom
fūr -is m thief
fūrtum -ī n theft
gallus -ī m - rooster
gaudium -ī n joy, delight
Gemma, -ae, f – gem, precious stone, jewel
gena -ae f - cheek
gēns gentis f nation, people
genū, genūs, n - knee
genus generis n kind, sort
Geōgraphia, -ae, f. – geography
glaciēs, glaciēī f - ice
gladiātor gladiātōris m gladiator
gladius -ī m – sword
glōria -ae f - glory
gradus -ūs m - step, degree
Graecus, -ī, m. – a Greek
grammatica, -ae, f. – grammar
grātia -ae f - favor, gratitude:
genitive + grātiā - for the sake of, grātiam habēre - be grateful, grātiās agere thank
gremium -ī n lap
grex gregis m flock, herd, band
gubernātor, gubernātōris m - steersman
hasta -ae f – lance
Herba, -ae, f - grass, herb
hiems, hiemis f - winter
holus holeris n vegetable
homō -inis m - human being, person
hōra -ae f - hour
hortus, -ī, m – garden
hospes hospitis m guest, guest-friend
hostis, hostis, hostium m – enemy
humus –ī, f – ground (note: 2nd declension FEMININE)
iactūra -ae f throwing away, loss
iānitor, iānitōris m - doorkeeper - JANITOR
iānua, -ae, f - door
īdūs -uum f pl - 13th/15th (of the month), ides
iecur, iecoris n – liver
ignis ignis m fire
imāgō, imāginis f - picture – IMAGE, IMAGINE
imber, imbris m - rain, shower
imperātor imperātōris m (commanding) general
imperium, -ī, n. – empire
impetus -ūs m - attack, charge
impluvium, -ī, n – water basin
incola -ae m/f inhabitant
index, indicis, m - list, catalogue
īnfāns -antis m/f - little child, baby
Īnferī -ōrum m pl the underworld
ingenium -ī n nature, character
inimīcus, -ī, m – (personal) enemy
initium -ī n - beginning
iniūria -ae f injustice, wrong
inopia -ae f lack, scarcity
Īnscrīptiō, īnscrīptiōnis f inscription
īnstrūmentum -ī n tool, instrument
īnsula, -ae, f. – island
invidia -ae f envy
īra -ae f anger
iter itineris n journey, march, way
iūs iūris n right, justice
iuvenis iuvenis m young man
kalendae -ārum f pl - the 1st (of the month)
kalendārium –ī, n - calendar
labor labōris m work, toil
labrum -ī n - lip
labyrinthus -ī m - labyrinth
lac lactis n - milk
lacertus -ī m (upper) arm
lacrima, -ae, f – tear (from eye)
lacus -ūs m - lake
laetitia -ae f joy
lāna -ae f wool
latus, lateris n - side, flank - LATERAL
laus laudis f - praise
lectīca, -ae, f – litter, sedan
lectulus -ī m - (little) bed
lectus -ī m - bed, couch
lēgātus -ī m envoy, delegate
legiō legiōnis f legion
leō, leōnis m - lion
lēx lēgis f law
libellus -ī m little book
libellus -ī m little book
liber, librī, m. – book
līberī, -ōrum, m. plural – children
lībertās lībertātis f freedom, liberty
lībertīnus -ī m freedman
lignum -ī n - wood
līlium, -ī, n – lily
līmen, līminis n - threshold - PRELIMINARY
Līnea, ae, f – string, line
lingua -ae f - tongue, language
littera, -ae, f. – letter (pl.: an epistle; literature)
lītus, lītoris n beach, shore
locus -ī m (singular) – place. loca -ōrum n (plural) - regions, parts. NOTE: masc in sing, neut in pl
lucerna -ae f lamp
lucrum -ī n profit, gain
lūdus, -ī, m - play, game, school
lūna -ae f - moon
Lupus, -ī, m - wolf
lūx lūcis f - light, daylight
magister, magistrī, m - schoolmaster, teacher
maleficium -ī n evil deed, crime
mālum, -ī, n - apple
malum, -ī, n - evil, trouble, harm
mamma, ae, f – mommy
manus -ūs f – hand
mare, maris n – sea
Margarīta, -ae, f - pearl
marītus -ī m - husband
māter, f. – mother
māteria -ae f - material, substance
mātrōna -ae f - married woman
mē (acc) – me
medicus -ī m - physician, doctor
medium -ī n middle, center
mel mellis n honey
membrum -ī n - limb
memoria -ae f memory
mendum -ī n - mistake, error
mēns mentis f mind
mēnsa secunda - dessert
mēnsa, ae, f – table
mēnsis, mēnsis m – month (can be i-stem, but isn’t always)
mentiō mentiōnis f mention
mercātor, mercātōris m - merchant
mercēs, mercēdis f - wage, fee, rent
merīdiēs, merīdiēī m - midday, noon, south
merum -ī n neat (undiluted) wine
merx, mercis f - commodity, pl goods
metus -ūs m – fear
mīles, mīlitis m – soldier
minister ministrī m servant
Modus, -ī, m - manner, way
moenia -ium n pl - walls
Mōns, montis, m - mountain
mōnstrum -ī n - monster
mora -ae f - delay
mors mortis f - death
mōs mōris m custom, usage
mulier, mulieris f - woman
multitūdō multitūdinis f large number, multitude
mundus -ī m world, universe
mūnus mūneris n gift
mūrus, -ī, m. – wall
Mūsa -ae f Muse
nārrātiō, nārrātiōnis f narrative
nāsus, -ī, m. – nose
nātūra -ae f nature
nauta -ae m - sailor
nāvicula -ae f boat
nāvigātiō -ōnis f sailing, voyage
nāvis -is f - ship
negōtium -ī n business, activity
nex necis f - killing, murder
nīdus -ī m – nest
nix nivis f - snow
nōmen, nōminis n – name
nōnae -ārum f pl - 5th/7th (of the month)
nota -ae f mark, sign
nox noctis f - night
Nūbēs, -is, f – cloud
nūgae nūgārum f pl idle talk, rubbish (not as in physical garbage!), nonsense
numerus, -ī, m. – number
nummus, -ī, m. – coin
nūntius -ī m - messenger, message
nūtrīx, nūtrīcis f - nurse
nux nucis f nut
occidēns, occidentis m - west
ōceanus, -ī, m. – ocean
ocellus -ī m (little) eye
oculus, -ī, m. – eye
odium -ī n hatred
officium -ī n - duty, task
opera -ae f effort, pains
opēs opum f pl (3rd decl) - resources, wealth
oppidum, -ī, n. – town
opus operis n work
ōra -ae f - border, coast
ōrātiō ōrātiōnis f speech
orbis terrārum the world
orbis, orbis m circle, orbit
ōrdō ōrdinis m row, rank, order
oriēns, orientis m - east
ōrnāmentum, -ī, n – ornament, jewel, piece of jewelry
os ossis n - bone - OSSIFY
ōs, ōris n – mouth
ōsculum, -ī, n – a kiss
ōstiārius, -ī, m. – doorkeeper, porter
ōstium, -ī, n. – door, entrance
ōtium -ī n leisure
Ovis, ovis, ovium, f - sheep
ōvum -ī n – egg
pābulum -ī n fodder, animal food
paenīnsula -ae f peninsula
pāgina, ae, f – page
pallium -ī n - cloak, mantle – PALL, PALLBEARER
palma -ae f palm
Pānis, -is, m - bread, loaf
papyrus (macron on y) -ī f – papyrus (note that it’s feminine)
parentēs, parentum, masc plural - parents
parricīda -ae m parricide (murder of a parent or close relative)
pars, partis f - part, direction
passer passeris m sparrow
passus -ūs m - pace (1.48 m)
Pāstor, pāstōris, m - shepherd
pater, m. – father
patientia -ae f forbearance, patience
patria -ae f - native country/town
pāx pācis f peace
pectus, pectoris n - breast, chest
pecūlium -ī n money given to slaves
pecūnia, ae, f – money
pecus pecoris n livestock, sheep, cattle
pedes, peditis m - foot-soldier
penna -ae f feather
pēnsum, -ī, n. – exercise, task
perīculum -ī n danger, peril
peristylum, -ī, n – peristyle
persōna, ae, f – character, person, personality
pēs pedis m - foot
petasus -ī m – hat
phantasma, phantasmatis n ghost, apparition
pila -ae f - ball
pīlum -ī n - spear, javelin
pīrāta -ae m pirate
pirum, -ī, n – pear
piscātor -ōris m fisherman
piscis, piscis, piscium m – fish
pōculum -ī n - cup, glass
poena -ae f punishment, penalty
poēta -ae m/f poet
populus -ī m people, nation
porcus -ī m - pig
porta, -ae, f – gate
portus -ūs m - harbor
potestās, potestātis f power
Pōtiō, pōtiōnis f drinking (noun), drink
praedium -ī n estate
praedō, praedōnis m robber, pirate
praemium -ī n reward, prize
praenōmen, praenōminis n - first name
precēs precum f plural prayers
Pretium, -ī, n – price, value
prīnceps, prīncipis m chief, leader
prīncipium -ī n beginning
proelium -ī n battle
prōmissum -ī n - promise
prōvincia, -ae, f. – province
pudor, pudōris m - (sense of) shame
puella, -ae, f – girl
puer, puerī, m. – boy
pugna -ae f - fight
pugnus -ī m – fist
pulchritūdō, pulchritūdinis f - beauty
pullus -ī m - young (of an animal)
pulmō, pulmōnis m – lung
puppis -is f - stern, poop
quālitās quālitātis f quality
quantitās quantitātis f quantity, size
rāmus -ī m - branch, bough
ratiō ratiōnis f reason
ratis -is f raft
regiō regiōnis f region, district
rēgula -ae f – ruler (as in for measuring & drawing straight lines), rule, standard, model, principle
rēmus -ī m oar
rēs, reī, f - thing, matter, affair
respōnsum -ī n - answer
rēte -is n net
rēx rēgis m - king
rīpa -ae f (river)bank
rīsus -ūs m laughter, laugh
Rīvus, -ī, m - brook, creek, stream
Rōmānus, -ī, m. – a Roman
Rosa, ae, f – rose
Rūmor, rūmōris m rumor
rūs rūris n the country(side)
Sacculus, -ī, m. – little bag, sack
Saccus, -ī, m. – bag, sack
sacerdōs sacerdōtis m/f priest, priestess
saeculum -ī n - century
sagitta -ae f – arrow
sāl salis m salt, wit
salūs, salūtis f - safety, well-being
salūs, salūtis, f – health, safety, well-being
sanguis, sanguinis, m - blood
saxum -ī n - rock
Scaena, ae, f – scene
scalpellum -ī n scalpel, surgical knife
scamnum -ī n stool
scelus sceleris n crime
scūtum -ī n – shield
sella, -ae, f - stool, chair
sēmen sēminis n seed
senex senis m old man
sententia -ae f - opinion, sentence
septentriōnēs, septentriōnum m pl - north
sermō, sermōnis m - talk, conversation
servitūs, servitūtis f slavery
Servus, -ī, .m – slave/servant
Sēstertius, -ī, m – sesterce (coin)
significātiō significātiōnis f meaning, sense
signum -ī n - sign, seal, statue
silentium -ī n - silence
Silva, -ae, f – forest
sinus -ūs m fold (of toga)
sitis sitis f thirst
Sōl, sōlis, m – sun
solum -ī n - soil, ground, floor
somnus -ī m - sleep
sonus -ī m - sound, noise - SONOROUS
sordēs, sordium f pl - dirt
soror -ōris f – sister
speciēs -ēī f appearance, aspect, sort
spectātor spectātōris m spectator
speculum, -ī, n – mirror
spēs -eī f hope
stēlla -ae f - star
stilus -ī m – stylus (pen-shaped stick for writing with)
stipendium -ī n soldier's pay, service
strepitus -ūs m noise, din
studium -ī n interest, study
supplicium -ī n (capital) punishment
syllaba, -ae, f. – syllable
tabella -ae f - writing-tablet
tabellārius -ī m letter-carrier
Taberna, -ae, f – shop, stall
Tabernārius, -ī, m - shopkeeper
tabula, -ae, f. – board/plank/door panel, writing tablet, game/counting board, written document
talentum -ī n talent (a Greek weight / unit of currency)
tata, -ae m - daddy
taurus -ī m bull
tē (acc) – you
tēctum -ī n - roof
tempestās, tempestātis f - storm
templum -ī n - temple
tempus, temporis n - time
tenebrae -ārum f pl darkness
tergum, -ī, n - back
Terra, -ae, f - earth, ground, country
testis -is m/f witness
theātrum -ī n theater
tībiae -ārum f pl flute
tībīcen, tībīcinis m flute-player
Timor, timōris, m – fear
titulus, -ī, m – title, heading, label
toga -ae f - toga
tonitrus -ūs m - thunder
tranquillitās, tranquillitātis f calmness
trīclīnium -ī n dining-room
trīstitia -ae f sadness
tumultus -ūs m - uproar – TUMULTUOUS
tunica -ae f - tunic
turba -ae f throng, crowd
tyrannus -ī m tyrant
Umbra, -ae, f - shade, shadow
umerus, -ī, m – shoulder
urbs, urbis f - city
ūva -ae f grape
uxor, uxōris f - wife
valētūdō valētūdinis f health
Vallis, -is, f – valley
vāllum -ī n – rampart
vās vāsis n (acts like 3rd in singular), plural vāsa vāsōrum (acts like 2nd in plural) - vessel, bowl
vēlum -ī n - sail
vēna -ae f – vein
venter, ventris m - belly, stomach
ventus -ī m - wind
vēr, vēris n - spring
verbera, verberum (3rd) n pl - lashes, flogging
Verbum, -ī, n – verb
versiculus -ī m short verse
versus -ūs m - line, verse
vesper, vesperī m - evening
Vestīgium, -ī, n - footprint, trace
vestīmentum -ī n - garment, clothing
vestis, vestis, f - clothes, cloth
Via, -ae, f – road, way, path, street
victor victōris m, adi conqueror, victorious
victōria -ae f victory
vigilia -ae f night watch (I-IV)
Vīlla, -ae, f – villa, house (in countryside)
vīnea -ae f vineyard
vīnum -ī n wine
vir, -ī, m. - man
vīrēs vīrium f pl strength
virga, -ae, f - rod
virgō, virginis f - maiden, young girl
virtūs virtūtis f valor, courage
vīs, acc vim, abl vī, f - force, violence, power
viscera, viscerum n pl - internal organs
vīta -ae f life
vītis, vītis f vine
vocābulum, -ī, n. – word, noun
vōcālis, vōcālis f - vowel
voluntās voluntātis f – will (volition)
vorāgō, vorāginis f abyss, whirlpool
vōx vōcis f – voice
vulnus vulneris n wound
vultus -ūs m - countenance, face
zephyrus -ī m - west wind
Adjectives:
absēns, absentis - absent
ācer ācris ācre keen, active, fierce
acerbus -a -um sour, bitter
acūtus -a -um sharp
adversus -a –um - contrary, unfavorable
Aeger, aegra, aegrum - sick, ill
aegrōtus -a -um sick
aequus -a –um - equal, calm
Albus, -a, -um – white
aliēnus -a –um - someone else’s
alius … alius - one…another, some…others
alius, alia, aliud - other, another
alter, altera, alterum - one, the other, second
alter…alter - the one…the other
altus -a –um - high, tall, deep
Amīcus, -a, -um – friendly
amoenus -a -um lovely, pleasant
angustus -a –um - narrow
Antīquus, -a, -um – old, ancient
apertus -a –um - open
arduus -a -um steep
argenteus -a -um silver-, of silver
armātus -a –um - armed
asinīnus -a -um ass’s
āter, ātra, ātrum - black, dark
attentus -a -um attentive
audāx audācis adi bold, audacious
aureus -a -um of gold, gold- (chemistry: symbol Au)
avārus -a -um greedy, avaricious
barbarus -a –um - foreign, barbarian
beātus -a –um - happy
bellus -a -um lovely, pretty
bīnī -ae -a two (each)
Bonus, -a, -um – good
brevis –e - short
caecus -a -um blind
calidus -a –um - warm, hot, f hot water
candidus -a -um - white, bright
cārus -a -um dear, costly
cautus -a -um cautious
celer celeris celere swift, quick
celsus -a -um tall
centēsimus -a –um - hundredth
certus -a –um - certain, sure
cēterī, ceterae, cetera – other, remaining
circēnsis -e of the circus
citerior -ius (comparative) - nearer
clārus -a –um - bright, clear, loud
claudus -a -um lame
clausus -a –um - closed, shut
clēmēns clēmentis mild, lenient
commūnis -e common
complūrēs, complūra (plural) several
cōnstāns, cōnstantis - steady, firm
contrārius -a –um - opposite, contrary
crassus -a –um - thick, fat
crūdēlis -e cruel
cruentus -a -um blood-stained, bloody
cūnctus -a -um whole, pl all
cupidus -a -um (+gen) desirous (of), eager (for)
dēbilis -e weak
dēnī -ae -a ten (each)
dexter -tra -trum - right, of the right (hand)
difficilis –e (superlative difficillimus) - difficult, hard
dignus -a –um - worthy
dīligēns, dīligentis - careful, diligent
dīmidius -a –um - half
dīrus -a -um dreadful
dīves, dīvitis - rich, wealthy
doctus -a –um - learned, skilled
dubius -a -um undecided, doubtful
dulcis -e sweet
dūrus -a –um - hard
ēbrius -a -um drunk
ēgregius -a -um outstanding, excellent
exiguus -a –um - small, scanty
facilis -e, (superlative facillimus) - easy
fallāx -ācis adi deceitful
falsus -a –um - false
fēlīx -īcis adi fortunate, lucky
ferōx -ōcis adi fierce, ferocious
ferreus -a -um of iron, iron- - (chemistry: symbol Fe)
fertilis -e fertile
ferus -a –um – wild
Fessus, -a, -um – tired, weary
fīdus -a -um faithful, reliable
Foedus, -a, -um – ugly, hideous
Fōrmōsus, -a, -um – beautiful
fortis –e - strong, brave
frequēns, frequentis - numerous, frequent
frīgidus -a –um - cold, chilly, cool
fugitīvus -a -um runaway
futūrus -a -um - future
geminus -a -um twin
Gemmātus – set with a jewel
Geōgraphicus, -a, -um – geographical
gladiātōrius -a -um gladiatorial
glōriōsus -a –um - glorious, boastful
gracilis –e - slender
Graecus, -a, -um – Greek
grātus -a -um pleasing, grateful
gravida (feminine adj) pregnant (you could say “gravidus, a, um” – uses 1st decl chart)
gravis –e - heavy, severe, grave
horrendus -a -um dreadful
hūmānus -a –um - human
humilis –e - low
idōneus -a -um fit, suitable
ignārus -a -um ignorant, unaware
ignōtus -a -um unknown
immātūrus -a -um unripe
im-mortālis -e immortal
impār, impairs - unequal
impatiēns impatientis impatient
impiger, impigra, impigrum - active, industrious
Improbus, -a, -um – bad, rebellious, unruly, restless, willful, cruel, merciless, disloyal, rude
īmus -a -um - lowest
incertus -a -um - uncertain
incolumis -e unharmed, safe
inconditus -a -um unpolished, rough
indignus -a –um - unworthy, shameful
indoctus -a –um - ignorant
industrius -a –um - industrious
indūtus (+abl) - dressed in
inermis -e unarmed
inexspectātus -a -um unexpected
īnfēlīx īnfēlīcis unlucky, unfortunate
īnferior, inferius - lower, inferior
īnferus -a –um - lower
īnfēstus -a -um unsafe, infested
īn-fidus -a -um faithless
īnfimus -a -um sup lowest
ingēns ingentis adi huge, vast
inhūmānus -a -um inhuman
inimīcus, -a, -um – unfriendly
in-iūstus -a -um unjust, unfair
integer, integra, integrum - undamaged, intact – INTEGRAL, INTEGER
internus -a -um inner, internal
invalidus -a -um infirm, weak
iocōsus -a -um humorous, funny
īrātus, -a, -um – irate, angry, mad
iūcundus -a –um - pleasant, delightful
iūstus -a -um just, fair
Laetus, -a, -um – happy
laevus -a –um - left (as in left hand, left side – not as in “left behind”)
largus -a –um - generous
Latīnus, -a, -um – Latin
lātus -a –um - broad, wide
legiōnārius -a -um legionary (pertaining to a legion)
levis –e - light, slight
līber lībera līberum free
ligneus -a –um - wooden
Longus, -a, -um – long
maestus -a -um sad, sorrowful
magnificus -a –um - magnificent, splendid
Magnus, -a, -um – big
māior, māius – comparative of magnus - bigger, older
Malus, -a, -um – bad, wicked, evil
maritimus -a –um - sea-related, coastal
mātūrus -a -um ripe
māximus -a –um - biggest, greatest, oldest
Medius, -a, -um – mid, middle
melior, melius – comparative of bonus - better
mellītus -a -um sweet
mercātōrius -a -um merchant-
merus -a -um pure, neat, undiluted
meus, -a, -um – mine
mīlitāris -e military
minimus -a –um – superlative of parvus - smallest, youngest
minor, minus – comparative of parvus - smaller, younger
minus, minōris - less
mīrābilis -e marvelous, wonderful
mīrus -a -um surprising, strange
misellus -a -um poor, wretched
miser, misera, miserum - unhappy, miserable
molestus -a –um - troublesome
mollis –e - soft
mortālis -e mortal
mortuus -a -um – dead
Multī, -ae, a (plural) – many
mundus -a –um - clean, neat
mūtus -a -um dumb (unable to speak)
mūtuus -a -um on loan: mūtuum dare/sūmere lend/borrow
nātus -a -um (from verb nāscī) – born (XX annōs nātus - 20 years old)
necessārius -a –um - necessary
neglegēns -entis careless
nēquam (unchanging – no endings; superlative nēquissimus) worthless, bad
neuter, neutra, neutrum - neither
Niger, nigra, nigrum - black
nimius -a -um too big
niveus -a -um snow-white
nōbilis -e well known, famous
nōnāgēsimus -a -um ninetieth
Noster, nostra, nostrum - our, ours
nōtus -a -um known
novus, -a, -um – new
nūbilus -a -um cloudy
nūdus -a –um - naked
nūllus, -a, -um – no, none
obscūrus -a –um - dark
omnis –e - all, every
optimus -a –um – superlative of bonus - best, very good
ōtiōsus -a -um leisured, idle
pallidus -a –um - pale
pār paris - equal – PARITY, DISPARITY
parātus -a -um ready
parvulus -a –um - little, tiny
parvus, -a, -um – small
patiēns -entis adi patient
paucī, -ae, a (plural) – few
pauper, pauperis - poor
pecūniōsus, -a, -um – wealthy
pēior, pēius – comparative of malus - worse
perīculōsus -a -um dangerous, perilous
perpetuus -a -um continuous, permanent
perterritus -a –um - terrified
pessimus -a -um – superlative of malus - worst
piger, pigra, pigrum - lazy
plānus -a –um - plain, clear, flat
Plēnus, -a, -um – full (of) (+ genitive/ablative)
Plūrālis – plural
plūrēs, plūra – comparative of multus - more
plūrimī -ae –a – superlative of multus - most, a great many
plūs plūris - more
poēticus -a -um poetical
posterior, posterius - back-, hind-, later
posterus -a -um next, following
postrēmus -a –um – last (superlative)
praesēns praesentis present
prāvus -a –um - faulty, wrong
pretiōsus -a -um precious
prior, prius - first, former, front-
prīvātus -a -um private
Probus, -a, -um – good, honest, upright, virtuous, decent
propinquus -a -um near, close
proprius -a -um own, proper
proximus -a -um superlative nearest
prūdēns, prūdentis - prudent, clever
pūblicus -a -um public, State-
Pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum – beautiful, fine
pūrus -a –um - clean, pure
quadrāgēsimus -a -um fortieth
quālis –e - what sort of, (such) as
Quantus, -a, -um – how large, as large as
quaternī -ae -a four (each)
quiētus -a –um - quiet
quīnī -ae -a five (each)
rapidus -a -um rushing, rapid
rārus -a –um - rare
rēctus -a –um - straight, correct
reliquus -a -um remaining, left
rīdiculus -a -um ridiculous
Rōmānus, -a, -um – Roman
ruber, rubra, rubrum - red
rudis -e crude, rude
Rūrsus, -a, -um – back(wards), again, on the contrary, on the other hand, in turn, once more
rūsticus -a -um rural, rustic, farm-related
saevus -a -um fierce, cruel
salvus -a -um safe, unharmed
sānus -a –um - healthy, well
sapiēns sapientis wise
scaenicus -a -um theatrical
scelestus -a -um criminal, wicked
sēnī -ae -a six (each)
serēnus -a –um - clear, cloudless
sērius -a -um serious
sevērus -a –um - stern, severe
siccus -a -um dry – DESSICANT, DESSICATOR
similis -e similar, like
Singulāris – singular
singulī -ae -a one (each), each
sinister, sinistra, sinistrum - left, of the left (hand)
situs -a –um - situated
Sōlus, -a, -um – alone, only, lonely
sordidus -a –um - dirty, mean, base
studiōsus -a -um (+gen) interested (in)
stultus -a –um - stupid, foolish
subitus -a -um sudden
suburbānus -a -um near the city
summus -a -um sup highest, greatest
superbus -a -um haughty, proud
superior -ius (comparative) - higher, upper, superior
superus -a –um - upper
surdus -a -um deaf
Suus, -a, -um – his/her/its own
tacitus -a –um - silent
tālis –e - such
Tantus, -a, -um – so much, so great, so big, so little, to such an extent, of such size
tardus -a -um slow, late
temerārius -a -um reckless
tenebricōsus -a -um dark
tenuis, tenue – thin
ternī -ae -a three (each)
terribilis -e terrible
timidus -a -um fearful, timid
togātus -a –um - wearing a toga
tōtus, tōta, tōtum – whole, the whole of, all
tranquillus -a –um - calm, still
trīcēsimus -a -um thirtieth
trīnī -ae -a three (each)
trīstis -e - sad
turbidus -a –um - agitated, stormy
turgid(ul)us -a -um swollen
turpis –e - ugly, foul
tūtus -a -um safe
Tuus, -a, -um – yours
ūllus, ūlla, ūllum - any
ulterior -ius (comparative) - farther, more distant
ultimus -a -um (superlative) - most distant, last
ūmidus -a –um - wet, moist
ūnī, -ae, -a one (each)
ūniversus -a -um the whole of, entire
urbānus -a -um of the city, urban
uter, utra, utrum – either, which (of two)
uterque, utraque, utrumque - each of the two, both
Vacuus, -a, -um - empty
validus -a –um - strong
varius -a –um - varied, different
vēlōx -ōcis adi swift, rapid
venustus -a –um - charming
vērus -a –um - true, in truth
vester -tra –trum - your, yours
vetus veteris old
vīlis -e cheap
vīvus -a –um - living, alive
Grammatical Words:
Ablātīvus, -a, -um – ablative (case)
Accūsātīvus, -a, -um – accusative (case)
āctīvum (genus) – active
adiectīvum (nōmen) – adjective
adverbium -ī n – adverb
comparātīvus (gradus) - comparative
coniūnctiō – conjunction (little word that connects other words: and, but, as, because, etc.)
coniūnctīvus (modus) – subjunctive (mood)
Datīvus, -a, -um – dative (case)
Dēclīnāre – to decline, inflect
Dēclīnātiō, –ōnis, f – declension
dēpōnentia – deponent (verbs)
Fēminīnus, -a, -um – feminine (gender)
Genetivus, -a, -um – genitive (case)
gerundium -ī n/ gerundīvum -ī n - gerund/gerundive
Imperātīvus, -a, -um – imperative (verbs)
imperfectum (tempus praeteritum) - imperfect
indēclinābile (vocābulum) - indeclinable
Indicātīvus, -a, -um – indicative / normal (verbs)
īnfīnītīvus (modus) – infinitive
Locātīvus, -a, -um – locative (case)
Masculīnus, -a, -um – masculine (gender)
Neuter, neutra, neutrum – neuter (gender)
Nōminātīvus, -a, -um – nominative (case)
participium –ī n - participle
Passīvum (genus) – passive
perfectum (tempus praeteritum) - perfect
plūsquamperfectum (tempus praet.) pluperfect tense
Praepositiō, -ōnis, f – preposition
praesēns (tempus) present tense
praeteritum (tempus) preterite, past tense, imperfect tense
Prōnōmen, -inis, n. – pronoun
superlātīvus (gradus) - superlative
supīnum - supine
tempus (verbī) – tense (of a verb)
tempus futūrum – future tense
Vocātīvus, -a, -um – vocative (case)
Verbs:
Abdūcō, abdūcere, abdūxī, abductus - take away, carry off
Abeō, abīre, abīvī, abitus – go away
aberrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus wander away, stray
abiciō, abicere, abiēcī, abiectus - throw away
abstineō, abstinēre, abstinuī, abstentus - keep off
Absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrus – be absent (not here)
accēdō, accēdere, accessī, accessūrus - approach, come near – ACCESS, ACCEDE
accendō, accendere, accendī, accēnsus - light, inflame
accidō, accidere, accidī, --- happen, occur
Accipiō, accipere, accēpī, acceptus – receive, accept
accubō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - recline at table
accumbō, accumbere, accubuī, - lie down at table
Accurrō, accurrere, accurrī, accursus - come running
Accūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – accuse
addō, addere, addidī, additus - add
Adeō, adīre, adīvī, aditus – go to, approach
adiciō, adicere, adiēcī, adiectus - add
adiungō, adiungere, adiunxī, adiunctus - join to, add, apply/bestow
adiuvō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - help
admīror, admīrārī, admirātus sum - admire, wonder at
admittō, admittere, admīsī, admissus - let in, admit - ADMISSION
adnectō, adnectere, adnexuī, adnexus - attach, connect
adōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - worship, adore
Adsum, adesse, adfuī, adfutūrus – be present (here)
advehō, advehere, advexī, advectus - carry, convey (to)
Adveniō, advenīre, advēnī, adventūrus – arrive
Aedificō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - build
Aegrōtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - be ill
aestimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - value, estimate
afferō, afferre, attulī, allātus - bring (to, forward, about) (also ad-ferō, ad-ferre, etc.)
afficiō, afficere, affēcī, affectus - affect, stir
affirmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - assert, affirm
age, agite (imperative of agō, agere) – Come on! Well, now!
Agō, agere, ēgī, āctus – do, drive, perform, discuss (with dē), live / spend time, + other meanings
āiō (I say) ais (you say) ait (he/she/it says) āiunt (they say) - say
alliciō, allicere, allēxī, allectus - attract
alō, alere, aluī, altus - feed
Ambulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – walk
āmittō, āmittere, āmīsī, āmissus - lose
Amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – love, like
animadvertō, animadvertere, animadvertī, animadversus - notice
Aperiō, aperīre, aperuī, apertus – open, disclose
appāreō, appārēre, appāruī, appāritus - appear
appellō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - call, address
appōnō, appōnere, apposuī, appositus - place (on), serve
apportō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - bring
apprehendō, apprehendere, apprehendī, apprehēnsus - seize
appropinquō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus (+dat) - approach, come near
arbitror, arbitrārī, arbitrātus sum - think, believe - ARBITRATE
arcessō, arcessere, arcessīvī, arcessītus - send for, fetch
armō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - arm, equip
arō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - plow
ascendō, ascendere, ascendī, ascēnsus - climb, go up, mount
aspergō, aspergere, aspersī, aspersus - sprinkle, scatter (on)
aspiciō, aspicere, aspexī, aspectus – look (at)
audeō, audēre, ausus sum (irregular) - dare, venture
Audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītus – hear
Auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātus carry off, take away
Aufugō, aufugere, aufūgī, aufugitūrus run away, escape
augeō, augēre, auxī, auctus - increase
āvertō, āvertere, āvertī, āversus - turn aside, avert – AVERT, AVERSION
Bālō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - bleat
Bibō, bibere, bibī, --- – drink
cadō, cadere, cecidī, casūrus – fall
caedō, caedere, cecidī, caesus - beat, fell, kill
canō, canere, cecinī, cantus - sing (of), crow, play
Cantō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – sing
capiō, capere, cēpī, captus - take, catch, capture
careō, carēre, caruī, --- (+abl) - be without, lack
Carpō, carpere, carpsī, carptus – gather, pick, take, seize, pluck
caveō, cavēre, cāvī, cautus - beware (of) - CAUTIOUS
cēdō, cēdere, cessī, cessūrus - go, withdraw – CONCESSION
cēnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - dine, have dinner
cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsus – think, appreciate, value
cernō, cernere, crēvī, crētus - discern, perceive
certō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - contend, fight
cessō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - leave off, cease
cingō, cingere, cīnxī, cīnctus - surround
circumdō, circumdare, cirdumdedī, circumdātus - surround
circumsiliō, circumsilīre, ---, --- - hop about
Clāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – shout
Claudō, claudere, clausī, clausus – close, shut
coepiō, coepī, coeptus – to begin (defective verb – don’t use it until you’ve seen it a lot)
cōgitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - think
cognōscō, cognōscere, cognōvī, cognitus - get to know, recognize
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctus - compel, force
colloquor, colloquī, collocūtus sum - talk, converse
colō, colere, coluī, cultus - cultivate
comitor, comitārī, comitātus sum (or comitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus) – accompany
commemorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - mention
comparō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – compare
complector, complectī, complexus sum - hug, embrace
compleō, complēre, complēvī, complētus - fill, complete
computō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - calculate, reckon
cōnficiō, cōnficere, cōnfēcī, cōnfectus make, accomplish
Cōnfīdō, cōnfīdere, confīsus sum +dat trust (deponent in last part only)
cōnfiteor, cōnfitērī, confessus sum - confess
coniungō, coniungere, coniunxī, coniunctus - join, connect
cōnor, cōnārī, cōnātus sum - attempt, try
cōnscendō, cōnscendere, conscendī, conscensus - mount, board
cōnsequor, cōnsequī, cōnsecūtus sum follow, overtake
cōnsīdō, cōnsīdere, cōnsēdī / cōnsīdī, cōnsessus - sit down
Cōnsistō, cōnsistere, cōnstitī, cōnstitūrus – stop, halt
cōnsōlor, cōnsōlārī, cōnsōlātus sum - comfort, console
cōnspiciō, cōnspicere, cōnspexī, conspectus - catch sight of, see (pass: to be noticed, admired)
Cōnstituō, cōnstituere, cōnstituī, cōnstitūtus - fix, decide
Cōnstō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – cost, be fixed (at), stand still, agree, correspond, stand firm
cōnstō, cōnstāre, cōnstitī, --- (used with “ex”) - consist of (used w/abl of price to mean “to cost”)
cōnsūmō, cōnsūmere, cōnsūmpsī, cōnsūmptus spend, consume
contemnō, contemnere, contempsī, contemptus - despise, scorn
contineō, continēre, continuī, contentus - contain
contrahō, contrahere, contrāxī, contrāctus - draw together, wrinkle
conturbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - mix up, confound
Conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventūrus – come together, meet (ad/+dat) - fit, be fitting
convertō, convertere, convertī, conversus - turn – CONVERT/CONVERSION
convocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - call together
cōpulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - join, connect
coquō, coquere, coxī, coctus - cook
corrigō, corrigere, corrēxī, corrēctus - correct
crēdō, crēdere, crēdidī, crēditus (+dative) - believe, trust, entrust
crēscō, crēscere, crēvī, crētus – grow, swell, rise, come into being, prosper
Cruciō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus torture, torment
cubō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - lie (in bed)
cupiō, cupere, cupīvī, cupītus – desire – CUPIDITY (greed)
cūrō, cūrāre, cūrāvī, cūrātus - care for, look after, take care
Currō, currere, cucurrī, cursūrus – run
cūstōdiō, cūstōdīre, cūstōdīvī, cūstōdītus – guard - CUSTODIAN
debeō, dēbēre, dēbuī, dēbitus - owe, ought, be obliged
dēbeō, dēbēre, dēbuī, dēbitus – to owe, ought
decet, decēre, decuit - be proper/fitting, adorn, become (used only in infinitive & 3rd pers. sing/pl.)
dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsus – defend
Dēlectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – delight, please
dēleō, dēlēre, dēlēvī, dēlētus - delete, efface
dēmō, dēmere, dēmpsī, dēmptus - remove
dēmōnstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - point out, show
dērīdeō, dērīdēre, dērīsī, dērīsus - laugh at, make fun of – DERIDE, DERISION
Dēscendō, dēscendere, dēscendī, dēscensus - go down, descend
Dēserō, dēserere, dēseruī, dēsertus - leave, desert
dēsīderō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - long for, miss
dēsiliō, dēsilīre, dēsiluī, dēsaltus - jump down
dēsinō, dēsinere, dēsīvī (or dēsiī), dēsitus – to stop, desist, abandon, give up
dēsistō, dēsistere, dēstitī - leave off, cease, desist
dēspērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - lose hope, despair (of)
dēspiciō, dēspicere, dēspēcī, dēspectus look down (on), despise
dēsum, dēesse, dēfuī, dēfutūrus (+dat) - be missing, fail
Detergeō, detergēre, dētersī, dētersus - wipe off
dēterreō, dēterrēre, dēterruī, dēterritus - deter
dētrahō, dētrahere, dētrāxī, dētrāctus - pull off
dēvorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - swallow up, devour
Dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus - say, call, speak
dictō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - dictate
dīligō, dīligere, dīlēxī, dīlēctus - love, be fond of, value, appreciate
Dīmittō, dīmittere, dīmīsī, dīmissus - send away, dismiss - DISMISS
Discēdō, discēdere, discessī, discessūrus – leave, depart
discō, discere, didicī, --- - learn
disiungō, disiungere, disiunxī, disiunctus - to separate
dissuādeō, dissuādēre, dissuāsī, dissuāsus - advise not to
dīvidō, dīvidere, dīvīsī, dīvīsus - separate, divide
Dō, dare, dedī, datus – give
doceō, docēre, docuī, doctus - teach, instruct
Doleō, dolēre, doluī, dolitus - hurt, feel pain, grieve
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - give, present with
Dormiō, dormīre, dormīvī, dormītus – sleep
dubitō, dubitāre, dubitāvī, dubitātus - doubt
Dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus - guide, lead, draw, trace (imp sing dūc!). N.B.: uxōrem dūcere - marry
Edō, ēsse (later edere), ēdī, ēsus – eat (ēst – he/she/it eats, edunt – they eat)
Ēducō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus bring up
Ēdūcō, ēdūcere, ēdūxī, ēductus - bring out, draw out
efficiō, efficere, effēcī, effectus - make, effect, cause
effugiō, effugere, effūgī, --- escape, run away
effundō, effundere, effūdī, effūsus - pour out, shed
ēgredior, ēgredī, ēgressus sum - go out
ēiciō, ēicere, ēiēcī, ēiectus - throw out, drive out, eject
ēlīdō, ēlīdere, ēlīsī, ēlīsus - omit, elide
ēligō, ēligere, ēlēgī, ēlēctus - choose, select
Emō, emere, ēmī, emptus – buy
Eō, īre, īvī, ītus – go (it – he goes; eunt – they go)
erant – they were
erat – he/she/it was
ēripiō, ēripere, ēripuī, ēreptus - snatch away, deprive of
Errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - wander, stray
ērubēscō, ērubēscere, ērubuī, --- - blush
ērumpō, ērumpere, ērūpī, ēruptus - break out, give vent to
estō – (future imperative singular of “sum”) “be!”
estōte – (future imperative plural of “sum”) “be!”
ēvolō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus fly out
ēvolvō, ēvolvere, ēvolvī, ēvolūtus - unroll
exaudiō, exaudīre, exaudīvī, exaudītus - hear
excitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - wake up, arouse
exclāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - cry out, exclaim
excōgitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus think out, devise
excruciō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - torture, torment
excurrō, excurrere, excurrī, excursus - run out, rush out
excūsō, excūsāre, excūsāvī, excūsātus - excuse
Exeō, exīre, exīvī, exitus – go out
exhauriō, exhaurīre, exhausī, exhaustus - drain, empty
exīstimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - consider, think
exōrnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - adorn, decorate
explānō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - explain
expōnō, expōnere, exposuī, expositus - put out/ashore, expose
expugnō, expugnāre, expugnāvī, expugnātus – conquer
Exspectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – wait (for), expect
extendō, extendere, extendī, extentus - stretch out, extend
Fābulor, fābulārī, fābulātus sum - talk, chat
faciō, facere, fēcī, factus - make, do, cause
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsus - deceive
fateor, fatērī, fassus sum - admit, confess
fatīgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - tire out, weary
faveō, favēre, fāvī, fautus +dat favor, support
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus - carry, bring, bear
Fīdō, fīdere, fīsus sum +dat trust, rely on (deponent in last part only)
fīgō, fīgere, fīxī, fīxus fix, fasten
fīniō, fīnīre, fīnīvī, fīnītus - limit, finish
fīō, fierī, factus sum – IRREGULAR - be made/done, become, happen (forms: fīō, fīs, fit, fīmus, fītis, fīunt)
flectō, flectere, flexī, flexus - bend, turn
fleō, flēre, flēvī, flētus - cry, weep (for)
flō, flāre, flāvī, flātus blow
fluō, fluere, fluxī, fluxus – flow
for, fārī, fātus sum - speak (very rare word; archaic – occurs in book 11 of the Aeneid as “fārier”)
frangō, frangere, frēgī, frāctus - break, shatter - FRACTURE
fremō, fremere, fremuī, fremitus - growl
frīgeō, frīgēre, ---, --- - be cold
fruor, fruī, fructus sum +abl - enjoy
fugio, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrus - run away, flee
fundō, fundere, fūdī, fūsus - pour, shed
Gaudeō, gaudēre, gavīsus sum (irregular) - be glad, be pleased
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus - carry, wear, carry on, do
gubernō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - steer, govern
gustō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - taste
Habeō, habēre, habuī, habitus – have, hold
habeō, habēre, habuī, habitus - have, hold, consider
Habitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – live (in), dwell, inhabit
hauriō, haurīre, hausī, haustus - draw (water), bail
Horreō, horrēre, horruī, --- - bristle, stand on end, shudder (at)
hortor, hortārī, hortātus sum - encourage, urge
iaceō, iacēre, iacuī, iacitus – to lie down
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactus – to throw
iactō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - throw, toss about
ignōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - not know - IGNORANT
Ignōscō, ignōscere, ignōvī, ignōtus +dat - forgive
illūstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - illuminate, make clear
imitor, imitārī, imitātus sum imitate
impendeō, impendēre, ---, --- +dat - threaten, be imminent, hover over
imperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – order, command
impleō, implēre, implēvī, implētus - fill, complete
implicō, implicāre, implicuī, implicitus – enfold (semi-irregular)
impōnō, impōnere, imposuī, impositus - place (in/on), put
imprimō, imprimere, impressī, impressus - press (into)
incipiō, incipere, incēpī, inceptus - begin
inclūdō, inclūdere, inclūsī, inclūsus - shut up (as in lock up in a room) - INCLUSION
incolō, incolere, incoluī, incultus – inhabit
induō, induere, induī, indūtus - put on (clothes)
īnflectō, īnflectere, īnflexī, īnflectus – to inflect, bend, turn, change, influence
īnfluō, īnfluere, īnfluxī, īnfluxus - flow into
inquit - he/she/it says/said; inquiunt – they say/said, inquam - I say
īnscrībō, īnscrībere, īnscrīpsī, īnscrīptus - write on, inscribe - INSCRIPTION
īnstruō, īnstruere, īnstrūxī, īnstrūctus - draw up, arrange
insum, inesse, infuī, --- – be in
intellegō, intellegere, intellēxī, intellēctus - understand, realize
Interficiō, interficere, interfēcī, interfectus - kill
interpellō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - interrupt
interrogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – ask, question, interrogate
intersum, interesse, interfuī, interfutūrus - be between
intrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – enter
intueor, intuērī, intuitus sum - look at, watch
invehō, invehere, invexī, invectus – import, ride/rush/sail into, bring upon, ride (a horse)
inveniō, invenīre, invēnī, inventūrus find
invideō, invidēre, invīdī, invīsus +dat - envy, grudge
invocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - call upon, invoke
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus - order, tell
iungō, iungere, iūnxī, iūnctus - join, combine
iuvō, iuvāre, iūvī, iūtus help, delight
lābor, lābī, lapsus sum - slip, drop, fall
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - toil, work, take trouble
lacrimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – cry, weep, shed tears
laedō, laedere, laesī, laesus - injure, hurt
laetor, laetārī, laetātus sum - rejoice, be glad
largior, largīrī, largītus sum - give generously
Lateō, latēre, latuī, --- be hidden, hide
lātrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – bark
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - praise
lavō, lavāre, lāvī, lautus - wash, bathe
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctus – read, choose, gather
levō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus lift, raise
libēre: libet +dat it pleases
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - free, set free
licēre: licet (+ dative) - it is allowed, one may (no forms appear other than “licet” – no “liceō,” etc.)
loquor, loquī, locūtus sum - speak, talk
lūceō, lūcēre, lūxī, --- - shine
luctor, luctārī, luctātus sum - wrestle
lūdō, lūdere, lūsi, lūsus – play
lūgeō, lūgēre, lūxī, lūctus - mourn
Maereō, maerēre, ---, --- - grieve
mālō, mālle, māluī, --- - prefer (IRREGULAR)
maneō, manēre mānsī, mānsūrus - remain, stay
meminī, meminisse (perf infinitive) +gen/acc - remember, recollect (imp: mementō, mementōte!)
memorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - mention
mentior, mentīrī, mentītus sum – lie (tell untruths)
mereō, merēre, meruī, meritus - earn, deserve – MERIT, DEMERIT
mergō, mergere, mersī, mersus - dip, plunge, sink
metō, metere, messuī, messus - reap, harvest
metuō, metuere, metuī, metūtus - fear
mīlitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - serve as a soldier
minor, minārī, minātus sum +dat - threaten
minuō, minuere, minuī, minūtus - diminish, reduce
mīror, mīrārī, mīrātus sum - wonder (at), be surprised
misceō, miscēre, miscuī, mixtus - mix
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus - send, throw
molliō, mollīre, mollīvī, mollītus make soft, soften
moneō, monēre, monuī, monitus - remind, advise, warn – MONITOR, PREMONITION
Mōnstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – point out, show
mordeō, mordēre, momordī, morsus – bite - MORSEL
morior, morī, mortuus sum - die
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus - move, stir
mūniō, mūnīre, mūnīvī, mūnītus - fortify
mūtō, mūtāre, mūtāvī, mūtātus - change, exchange
nārrō, nārrāre, nārrāvī, nārrātus - relate, tell
nāscor, nāscī, nātus sum - be born
natō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – swim
nāvigō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - sail
Necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - kill
neglegō, neglegere, neglēxī, neglēctus - neglect
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - deny, say that…not - NEGATE
nesciō, nescīre, nescīvī, nescītus - not know
noceō, nocēre, nocuī, nocitus +dat - harm, hurt
nōlō, nōlle, nōluī, --- - be unwilling, not want:
nōminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - name, call
nōscō, nōscere, nōvī, nōtus - get to know, (perfect tense -> know) - COGNIZANT
nūbō, nūbere nupsī, nuptus +dat - marry (for a woman to marry a man)
Numerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – count
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - announce, report
Oblīvīscor, oblīvīscī, oblītus sum (+gen/acc) - forget
oboediō, oboedīre, oboedīvī, oboedītus +dat - obey, listen to, respond to
occidō, occidere, occidī, occāsus - fall, sink, set
Occīdō, occīdere, occīdī, occīsus – kill (don’t mix up with ‘occidō’, to fall)
occultō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - hide
occurrō, occurrere, occurrī, occursus - meet (use with dative)
Ōdī, ōdisse (perf infinitive), ōsus sum - hate
offerō, offerre obtulī oblātus - offer
operiō, operīre, operuī, opertus - cover
oportēre: Only form “oportet” - it is right, you should
opperior, opperīrī, oppertus sum - wait (for), await
oppugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - attack
Optō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus wish
ōrdinō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - arrange, regulate
orior, orīrī, ortus sum - rise, appear (note it’s oritur not orītur, for some reason)
ōrnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - equip, adorn
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - pray, beg
ōscitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - gape, yawn
ōsculor, ōsculārī, ōsculātus sum - kiss
ostendō, ostendere, ostendī, ostentus – show
palleō, pallēre, palluī, --- - be pale – PALLID
Palpitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - beat, throb
parcō, parcere, pepercī, parsūrus +dat - spare, show mercy to, refrain from
Pāreō, pārēre, pāruī, pāritus – obey, be evident
pariō, parere, peperī, partus - give birth to, lay
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - prepare, make ready
partior, partīrī, partītus sum - share, divide
pāscō, pāscere, pāvī, pāstus - pasture, feed, feast
Pateō, patēre, patuī, --- - be open
patior, patī, passus sum - suffer, undergo, bear – PASSIVITY, PASSIVE
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsus - push, drive (off)
percurrō, percurrere, percurrī, percursus - run over, pass over
percutiō, percutere, percussī, percussus - strike, hit – PERCUSSION (instruments)
perdō, perdere, perdidī, perditus - destroy, ruin, waste - PERDITION
pereō, perīre, perīvī/periī, perītus - perish, be lost
perferō, perferre, pertulī, perlātus - carry, endure
perficiō, perficere, perfēcī, perfectus complete, accomplish
pergō, pergere, perrēxī, perrēctus - proceed, go on
permittō, permittere, permīsī, permissus - allow, permit
permoveō, permovēre, permōvī, permōtus - move deeply
persequor, persequī, persecūtus sum follow, pursue
persuādeō, persuādēre, persuāsī, persuāsus +dat - persuade, convince
perturbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - upset
perveniō, pervenīre, pervēnī, perventūrus - get to, reach
petō, petere, petīvī, petītus - aim at, attack, seek, ask for, request
pīpiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - chirp
placeō, placēre, placuī, placitus +dat - please
plaudō, plaudere, plausī, plausus (+dat) - clap, applaud
Plōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – cry
Polliceor, pollicērī, pollicitus sum - promise
Pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positus – put, place
Portō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – carry
poscō, poscere, poposcī, --- - demand, call for
possideō, possidēre, possēdī, possessus - possess, own
possum, posse, potuī, --- (irregular, like “esse”) - be able (“can”)
postulō, postulāre, postulāvī, postulātus - demand, require
pōtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - drink
praeferō, praeferre, praetulī, praelātus - prefer
praepōnō, praepōnere, praeposuī, praepositus +dat - put before/in charge of
praestō, praestāre, praestitī, praestitus - furnish, fulfill, be superior to, display (+ other meanings)
praesum, praeesse, praefuī, praefutūrus (+dat) - be in charge (of)
precor, precārī, precātus sum - pray
prehendō, prehendere, prehendī, prehēnsus - grasp, seize - APPREHEND
premō, premere, pressī, pressus - press
prōcēdō, prōcēdere, prōcessī, processūrus - go forward, advance - PROCEED
prōcurrō, prōcurrere, prōcurrī, prōcursus - run forward, charge
prōferrō, prōferre, prōtulī, prōlātus - bring forth, produce
proficīscor, proficīscī, profectus sum - set out, depart
prōgredior, prōgredī, prōgressus sum - go forward, advance
prohibeō, prohibēre, prohibuī, prohibitus - keep off, prevent
prōiciō, prōicere, proiēcī, proiectus - throw (forward/away/down), abandon, discard, exile, sacrifice, delay, give way to
prōmittō, prōmittere, prōmīsī, prōmissus – promise – PROMISE, PROMISSARY (note)
prōmō, prōmere, prōmpsī, prōmptus - take out
properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - hurry
prōsiliō, prōsilīre, prōsiluī --- - spring forth, jump/spurt/shoot out, dash
Prōspiciō, prōspicere, prōspexī, prōspectus - look out, look ahead
prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuī, prōfutūrus +dat - be useful, do good
pudēre: pudet mē (+gen) - I am ashamed (of) - IMPUDENT
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - fight
Pulsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – hit
pūniō, pūnīre, pūnīvī, pūnītus - punish
Putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - think, suppose
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītus - look for, seek, ask (for)
quatiō, quatere, ---, quassus shake
queror, querī, questus sum - complain, grumble
quiēscō, quiēscere, quiēvī, quiētus - rest
rapiō, rapere, rapuī, raptus - tear away, carry off
recēdō, recēdere, recessī, recessūrus - go back, retire
Recipiō, recipere, recēpī, receptus - receive, admit
recitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - read aloud
recognōscō, recognōscere, recognōvī, recognōtus - recognize
recumbō, recumbere, recubuī, --- - lie down – RECUMBANT (bicycles)
reddō, reddere, reddidī, redditus - give back, give
redeō, redīre, redīvī, reditus - go back, return
redimō, redimere, redēmī, redēmptus - ransom
redūcō, redūcere, reduxī, reductus - lead back, bring back
referō, referre, rettulī, rellātus - bring back, return, reply, repay
rēgnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - reign, rule
Regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus - direct, guide, govern
relinquō, relinquere, relīquī, relīctus – leave
remaneō, remanēre, remānsī, remānsūrus - remain, stay behind
rēmigō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - row
reminīscor, reminīscī, --- +gen/acc – recollect, remember
remittō, remittere, remīsī, remissus - send back
removeō, removēre, remōvī, remōtus – remove – REMOTE, REMOVE
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertus - find
repōnō, repōnere, reposuī, repositus - put back
reprehendō, reprehendere, reprehendī, reprehensus - blame, censure
repugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - fight back, resist
requiēscō, requiēscere, requiēscēvī, requiēscētus - rest
requīrō, requīrere, requīsīvī, requīsītus - seek, ask
resistō, resistere, restitī, --- (+dat) - halt, resist
Respondeō, respondēre, respondī, respōnsus – respond
retineō, retinēre, retinuī, retentus - hold back - RETENTION
Retrahō, retrahere, retrāxī, retrāctus - pull back, bring back
Reveniō, revenīre, revēnī, reventūrus - come back
revertor, revertī, reversus sum – OR revertō, revertere, revertī, --- - return, come back
revocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus call back, revoke
Rīdeō, rīdēre, rīsī, rīsus – laugh / laugh at, smile (at), grin
rigō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - irrigate
rogitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - ask (repeatedly)
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - ask, ask for
rubeō, rubēre, ---, --- - be red, blush - RUBY
rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptus - break
saliō, salīre, saluī, saltus - jump
salūtem dīcere +dat - greet
Salūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – greet
salvō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - save
sānō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - heal, cure
sapiō, sapere, sapīvī/sapiī, --- - be wise, have sense, understand, have the flavor/taste/smell of
scindō, scindere, scidī, scissus – tear, rip – SCISSORS, SCHISM
scindō, scindere, scidī, scissus - tear, tear up – SCHISM, SCISSORS
sciō, scīre, scīvī, scītus - know
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptus - write
secō, secāre, secuī, sectus - cut
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessūrus - sit
Sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsus - feel, sense, think
sequor, sequī, secūtus sum - follow
serō, serere sēvī, satus - sow, plant
serviō, servīre, servīvī, servītus +dat - be a slave, serve
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - preserve, save
significō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - indicate, mean
signō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - mark, seal
sileō, silēre, siluī, --- - be silent
sinō, sinere, sīvī, situs - let, allow
soleō, solēre, solitus sum (irregular) - be accustomed
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtus - untie, discharge, loosen, pay; nāvem solvere - cast off, set sail
spargō, spargere, sparsī, sparsus - scatter
Spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - watch, look at
spērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - hope (for)
spīrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – breathe
Statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtus - fix, determine
sternō, sternere, strāvī, strātus - spread
stō, stāre, stetī, statūrus – stand
studeō, studēre, studuī +dat - devote oneself to, desire, be eager for, study
stupeō, stupēre, stupuī, --- - be aghast/astounded
suādeō, suādēre, suāsī, suāssus (+dat) - advise
subeō, subīre, subiī/subīvī, subītus - go under, undergo
submergō, submergere, submersī, submersus - sink
Sum, esse, fuī, futūrus – to be (imperative: Es! Este!) (indicative: est – he/she/it is, sunt – they are)
Sūmō, sūmere, sumpsī, sumptus – eat, take up, wear, begin, inflict, suppose, select, borrow, buy
supersum, superesse, superfuī, superfutūrus - be left, be in excess
surgō, surgere, surrēxī, surrēctus - rise, get up
surripiō, surripere, surripuī, surreptus - steal
suscitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - wake up, rouse
suspiciō, suspicere, suspēcī, suspectus look up (at)
sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentus - support, sustain, endure
Taceō, tacēre, tacuī, tacitus – be silent
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctus - touch
Teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus – have, hold, keep (back)
Tergeō, tergēre, tersī, tersus – wipe
terreō, terrēre, terruī, territus - frighten
Timeō, timēre, timuī, --- – fear, be afraid of
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus - raise, lift, pick up, remove, take away
trādō, trādere, trādidī, trāditus - hand over, deliver
Trahō, trahere, trāxī, tractus - drag, pull
trānseō, trānsīre, trānsīvī (trānsiī), trānsitus - cross, pass
trānsferō, trānsferre, trānstulī, trānslātus - transfer, transport
tremō, tremere, tremuī, --- - tremble - TREMOR
tueor, tuērī, tūtus sum - guard, protect
tumultuor, tumultuārī, tumultuātus sum - make an uproar/disturbance
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - stir up, agitate
ululō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - howl
ūrō, ūrere, ussī, ustus burn
ūtor, ūtī, ūsus sum +abl - use, enjoy
vāgiō, vāgīre, vāgīvī - wail, squall
valeō, valēre, valuī, valitūrus - be strong, be well (figure out how valē! valēte! are related!)
Vehō, vehere, vexī, vectus – carry, convey. Passive: ride, sail, travel
Vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditus – sell
Veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventūrus – arrive
Verberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – beat (hit repeatedly)
vereor, verērī, veritus sum - fear
versor, versārī, versātus sum - move about, be present
Vertō, vertere, vertī, versus – turn
vestiō, vestīre, vestīvī, vestītus - dress
Vetō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus forbid
videō vidēre vīdī vīsus see, passive - seem
Videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus – see
vigilō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - be awake
vinciō, vincīre, vinxī, vinctus - tie
vincō, vincere, vīciī, victus - defeat, overcome, win
vīsō, vīsere vīsī, ---- - go and see, visit
vītō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - avoid
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctus - live, be alive
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – call
volō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus – fly
volō, velle, voluī , --- = to want.
Vorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - swallow, devour
vulnerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus - wound
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