Full list of all the articles published in Volumes 1-29 of ...



Full list of all the articles published in Volumes 1-29 of Chemistry Review, arranged by issueTitle of articleKey topics coveredType of articleAuthorVol.No.Welcome to Chemistry ReviewEditorialJohn Garratt11How old is Pharaoh’s coffin?Mass spectrometry , archaeological remains, radioactive decay and half-lives, isotopic fractionation, radiocarbonRobert Hedges11Ultrasound in chemistrySonochemistry, cavitation, homogeneous reactionsTimothy Mason11Bonded! How paints stick to surfacesPaints, polymers, intermolecular forces, adhesion, surface tension of liquidsTony Turner11Bonding between moleculesCovalent bondsRevision noteTony Turner11The structure of insulinCrystals, amino acids, models of insulinIn pictures11The atomic spectrum of hydrogenIonisation energy of a hydrogen atom, atomic spectrum of hydrogenAnswer backDavid Edwards11Buckminsterfullerene, Model ofMaking and doing11Michael FaradayMichael FaradayFamous names11The structure of benzeneX-ray crystallography, KekuléHow do we know?Richard Norman11Why is DNA helical?Molecule of DNA, sugar phosphate chain, hydrogen bondingRod Hubbard and John Garratt11A new form of carbon to kick aroundBuckminsterfullereneMake your ownGeorge Burton11Unboiling an eggOvalbuminDemocritus replies11Joint Matriculation BoardAtomic spectrum of hydrogenAnswer backDavid Edwards11From the classroom to industry and from industry to the classroomIndustryJust chattingMiranda Mapletoft11On being one's own rabbitHaldaneWorth reading11EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt12Humphry DavyFamous namesNigel Freestone12Allied ColloidsChemical manufacturingJust chattingMiranda Mapletoft12SpectroscopyRevision note12A closer look at clayIn pictures12A question of organic reactionsAnswer backGraham Moyce12Getting fired up about clayMake your own12Low fat margarinePolyunsaturatesDemocritus replies12Origins and MiraclesThe Blind WatchmakerWorth readingRichard Dawkins12What on Earth is the Greenhouse effect?Concepts of greenhouse effect and role of carbon dioxideIan Campbell12What the Solar System is made ofChemical composition of sun using physical and chemical techniques, chemical condensation of elementsHow do we know?Tony Cox12Materials in the mouthStainless steel and sapphires, dentine and enamel, plaque/dental decay, calcium phosphate and the apatite mineralsDavid Brown12Autoxidation, antioxidants and ageingfree radicals, oxygenBruce Gilbert12EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt13What are old masters made of?Research and chemical analysis on paint layers, flame ionisation detector, gas chromatography, radical reactionsJennifer Pilc13Making hydrogenHydrogen manufacture on a large scaleReiko Isuyama and John Garratt13How a catalyst worksCatalystsHow do we know?Roger Mawby13Sun, stars and spectraStructure and temperature of the sunCharlie Harding13ElectrolysisRevision note13Salt minesJust chattingMiranda Mapletoft13What's bred in the boneWorth readingRobertson Davies13A hydrogen plantIn picturesSurface tension explainedDemocritus replies13Elementary crosswordMaking and doingDerek Gray13Chemistry from group VPeriodic TableAnswer backFrank Harris13Judith HartPeopleJudith Hart13Search for insulinBanting, Best, Macleod, CollipFamous names13EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt14Indigo - putting the blue in blue jeansIndigo, coal tar hydrocarbonsTony Travis14New materials for the mouthDental cements, amalgam fillings, polymersDavid Brown14The chemical basis of global warmingGreenhouse effect, greenhouse gasesIan Campbell14Accidental discoveries in scienceLouis Pasteur, Royston M. RobertsWorth reading14Barry KnightPeopleJudith RamsdenThe work of a conservatorIn pictures14Shapes of molecules and electron pair repulsion (EPR) theoryRevision note14Neil BartlettFamous names14Optical isomerismMaking and doing14Alcohol EthanolJust chatting14Noble Gas ChemistryNoble gassesTed Lister14Dyes and fabrics, Democritus replies14A question of idealityAnswer backDavid Edwards14AlcoholJust chattingRichard Pardy14EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt15How do we know what an atom is like?Vanessa Barker15Mass Spectrometry of Peptides and ProteinsAmino acids, fast atom bombardment FAB, fragmentation, electrosprayNeville Haskins15Choosing a degree courseSpecial featureJohn Holder & Janet Cook15The Spider's SecretWorth readingPrimo Levi15Interpreting mass spectraRevision notePeter Nicolson15Models of atomsIn pictures15A.W. HofmannFamous namesTony Travis15Chemistry teacherJust chattingColin Chambers15Rates and Orders of ReactionAnswer backGeoff Mines15Taking the sweat out of calculationsMaking and doingTim Brosnan15How aspirin worksDemocritus replies15AlchemyPast and presentJohn Holman15EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt21The accidental discovery of BuckminsterfullereneJim Baggott21How to get the right formulaHow do we know?John Garratt21Catalysts can do wonderful thingsColin White21The Greenhouse Effect: can we keep our cool?Ian Campbell21The ghost diseaseWorth readingMichael Howell & Peter Ford21Gas testing crosswordMaking and doing21Different forms of carbonIn pictures21What makes a reaction go?Revision note21Structural isomers, geometrical isomersDemocritus replies21Acids and equilibriaAnswer backDavid Edwards21Tropical rain forestsJust chattingGordon Fettis21Gen on -gensGordon Woods21EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt22FireworksRon Lancaster22A laboratory on wheels: the ‘ins and outs’ of motor oilMotor oilBill Fox22How oxgen binds to haemoglobinHow do we know?Jeremy Tame22Redox (and oxidation numbers)Revision note22Bonfire Night brain waveJust chattingMaria Cavanna22The Periodic TableIn pictures22Chemical reactions, phase transitionsDemocritus replies22Zeolites: from strange rocks to cunning catalystsAlan Comyns22Models of zeolitesMaking and doing22Testing and estimating ionsAnswer backDavid Edwards22EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt23Colour changes in artists' PigmentsDavid Saunders23How to think about electrons in atomsHow do we know?Steve Smith23The social connections of the Bunsen BurnerMichael Barnett23Markovnikoff and all thatJohn Tucker23Energy profilesRevision note23Robert BoyleFamous namesPaul Philips23Alternative fuelsAnswer backFrank Harriss23WordsearchMaking and doing23What happens in a Bunsen Flame?In pictures23Peter GregoryPeople23AlchemyLewis ThomasWorth reading23Benzene ringsDemocritus replies23EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt24Do CFCs destroy the Ozone Layer?Gwen & Mike Pilling24The compound that never wasHexaphenylethaneNorman Greenwood24Cold LightChemiluminescenceJohn Sleigh24Organic reaction mechanisms and curly arrowsGeoff Hallas24Has it been irradiated?Hilary Stevenson & Richard Gray24Have you got Redox potential?Answer backDavid Edwards24Bread of LifeMaking and doing24Fast and FreshIn pictures24An overview of organic reactionsRevision note24Fluorescent highlighting pensDemocritus replies24EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt25Crowning gloryHair, hair careJoanne de Groot25Liquid crystals at workGeorge Gray25Environmentally friendly catalysisJames Clark25Taking a year outJust chattingJustin Guest25From dolomite to magnesium oxideIn pictures25Christ, Clausius and CorrosionHarold MorowitzWorth reading25Recrystallisation – purification of solidsPurification of solidsLab page25AcidsRevision note25OsmiumElement 76Democritus replies25A question of applying knowledgeAnswer backMargaret Ferguson25Pam HammerPeople25EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt31Flavour in low-alcohol beersRobert Muller31Electrons transfer chemist to the topJim Baggott31A perfect finishChemistry of car paintingGus Palluel31Ammonia productionJohn McIntyre31Why does beer froth, but cider not?Democritus replies31The periodic tableRevision note31Thin-layer chromatographyTLCLab page31Versatile siliconesIn pictures31Silicones – the versatile polymerssilicone polymersAnswer backAlastair Fleming31HydrolysisSilicone tetrachloride, hydrolysisJust chatting31The Grotta del CaneFamous Caverns and Grottoes, W.H. Davenport AdamsWorth readingW.H. Davenport Adams31CrosswordMaking and doing31EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt32Rummaging in the human dustbinMetabolismMalcolm Rose32The explosive stuff of lifeAmmonium nitrateJust chattingJohn Emsley32Making standard solutionsLab pageMargaret Ferguson32Vinegar and salt for cleaning copper-bottomed saucepansDemocritus replies32Surely You're Joking Mr Feynman!Richard FeynmanWorth reading32Infrared spectrometryIn pictures32Operation clean-upIron sulphateDon Ainley32Pairs of organic compoundsAnswer backCorinne Slater32The arrangement of atoms in a moleculeX-ray diffraction. Crystallography. Crystal structureHow do we know?Madeleine Moore32Testing for functional groupsRevision note32Puzzle pageMaking and doing32EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt33Poisons, potions and pharmacyJohn Mann33The chemistry of lifeLipidsAnswer backMax Perrin33Exposing the Piltdown ManThe Piltdown Forgery, J.S. WeinerWorth readingJ.S. Weiner33A new angle on bondingRevision note33Gold, frankincense and myrrhIn pictures33Protein science in chemical designMike Bushell and Robin Taylor33Using a separating funnelLab page33Precious medicineChris Barnard33Examiner speakJust chattingDavid Nicholls33Group 4 halidesDemocritus replies33EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt34A taste for chemistryTom Coultate34Supercritical fluidsTony Clifford and Keith Bartle34DistillationLab pageMargaret Ferguson34Clare SeniorPeople34FoodThe Problems of Chemistry, W. Graham RichardsWorth readingW. Graham Richards34History of the atmosphereIn pictures34SOCEET (social, economic, environmental, technological) Ozone, chlorofluorocarbons, chloroalkanes, chlorine, halogenated hydrocarbonsAnswer backRobert Tims34Solid liquidMaking and doingRobert Matthews34Designing the right dye for the jobApplied organic chemistry, colour chemistryNigel Hughes34Fish-liver oils, vitamins and bioassaysFood for thoughtJoan Mattingley-Cameron34Mr Muscle - GungebusterProduct profileDavid Edwards34Will-o-the-wisps and hot compostJust chattingJohn Garratt34Solidification of solutionsRevision noteDerek Denby34Catalyst paradoxDemocritus replies34EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt35Sulphur, climate and the dinosaursClimatic change, sulfur dioxide, structure of the Earth, isotopesSimon Watts35Born-Haber cycle and lattice energiesAnswer backDerek Jones35Water – structure/property at their clearestRevision note35Assault by salts – the decay of historic stoneworkDecay of historic stonework, corrosionClifford Price35The double helixJames D. Watson, DNAWorth readingJames D. Watson35Chemistry can detect faulty genesDNAIn pictures35Make your own DNA moleculeMaking and doing35Losing the leadLeaded petrol, unleaded petrolJohn Ramsden35Melting point determinationLab page35Treating heart disease – the discovery and development of a new medicinePeter Cross35EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt41Mineral sculptures in biologyTrevor Douglas and Jon Didymus41Transition metalsRevision noteDerek Denby41Handed moleculesHelicesCharles Stirling41A prize collectionStamps with a chemical themeIn picturesJohn Sleigh41Tin and leadSubstancesGordon Woods41Nitric acid acts upon copperThe Life of Ira Remsen, Frederick H. GetmanWorth readingFrederick H. Getman41In the money: Analysis of coins from antiquityMike Cowell41A balancing actAnswer backSue Howes41A year in FranceSpending a year abroad on a chemistry courseJust chattingJulie Tucker41Measuring pHLab page41Ethanol/phenolDemocritus replies41Elementary spellingMaking and doingJohn Emsley41Crystal gardensBack page41EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt42Swimming pool chemistryJennifer Harding42Drugs in sportAlan George42Designer polymerspolyurethanesPeter Galloway42What exactly is a molecule?Democritus replies42Extracting and studying enzymesLab page42Gas chromatographyIn pictures42HydrogenThe Periodic Table, Primo LeviWorth readingPrimo Levi42Naming aliphatic organic compoundsRevision notePeter Hanson42Ethene and ripe bananasFood for thoughtJohn Holman42Petroleum technologyAnswer backMike Shipton42IodineSubstancesJohn Emsley42Horse dopingBack page42EditorialEditorialJohn Garratt43Buckyballs bounce into actionJonathan Crane43Some thoughts about gasesRoger Partington43Organic conductorsMartin R. Bryce43Circles, hexagons and aromaticityGeoff Hallas43The importance of revisionAnswer backGeoff Lloyd43WaterIn pictures43Cyanide bonds to metal ionsDemocritus replies43PharmacyPast and present43Frank CrawleyPeople43The history of the Bunsen burnerMaking and doing43Measuring volumeLab page43Methyl mercaptanSubstancesJohn Emsley43WatercycleBack pageGlynn Gorick43Rehumanising ChemistryEditorialJohn Garratt44Photodynamic therapyJohn Griffiths and Jack schofield44Molecular Olympics: Going for goldDavid Amabilino and Fraser Stoddart44The paradoxical Dr Priestly and his discovery of dephlogisticated airTruman Schwartz44Discoverer of the atomic nucleusRutherfordWorth readingMax Perutz44Molecular fossilsIn pictures44Solvent extractionLab PageMike Shipton44Natalia TarasovaPeople44Sodium carbonateSubstancesGordon Woods44Directing aromatic substitutionAnswer backSue Howes44Column chromatographyBack page44What is the colour of a bromine free radical?Democritus replies44Powering the planet: the chemistry of oxidation and combustionOxidation, combustionBill Fox45Keeping track of energy changesRevision note45Chemistry in picturesPhotographyDave Clark45The Diamond MakerThe Stolen Bacillus and other Incidents, H.G. WellsWorth readingH.G. Wells45Dirt into DiamondsHarold ZauggWorth readingViven Gupta45Making your own C60Readers writeHeather Jones45The rocagalmide story: organic synthesis in actionIn pictures45Polymer design by computerChris Howick45ColorimetersLab page45Mr Midgeley's discoveryAnswer backFrank Harriss45What use is a chemistry degree?Just chattingBrian Joice45Using natural dyesMaking and doingEnid Parker45Argon – in the spotlightSubstancesGordon Woods45Mixing coloursBack page45From black sheep to creative geniusEditorialJohn Garratt51Oiling the wheels of progressLubricants, fractional distillation, synthetic lubricantsMichells Simmonds51HeliumSubstancesGordon Woods51The case for and against organophosphorus compoundsPoisonsTony Wellington51Paper – read all about itHydrogen bonding, papermaking process, waterproofing paperMark Watson51Chemical definitions (tongue-in-cheek)Making and doingDavid Jones51Getting your pinta from the cowIn pictures51Plastic lightDaedalus51Growing crystalsLab page51Who discovered the structure of benzene?Josef Loschmidt, KekuléJim Baggott51Drawing organic compoundsRevision noteAndrew Parsons51Ann Hutchinson – process chemistProcess chemistPeople51Ethanoic acid (acetic acid / Essigs?ure / vinegar)Acetic acid, vinegarFocus on industryBill Fox51Decomposing hydrogen peroxideUsing an enzyme catalyst, monitoring the decomposition, contact lens chemistryProject pageDerek Denby51Tackling calculationsAnswer backAlastair Fleming51The flame testBack page51Absolutely O KEditorialJohn Garratt52Why aren't all crystals spherical?Forming crystals, the growth of crystals, true crystal spheresGordon Van Praagh52PlatinumCatalyst, uses, platinum compounds, manufacturing fibresSubstancesGordon Woods52What's in water?pH value, conductivity, nitrate ion concentration, phosphate ion concentration, hardness of water, permanganate valueProject pageDerek Denby52George OlahChemistry of carbocationsBarry Thomas52How to make a zombiePuffer fish, tetrodotoxinPoisonsTony Wellington52Salt of the earthIn pictures52The Gold MakersFritz HaberWorth readingJ.B.S. Haldane52Antidotes to wearDaedalus52Safe heatingLab page52X-raysX-ray diffraction, looking at simple molecules, Dorothy HodgkinPeter Ellis52Forensic analysis of a deerAnswer backGeoff Lloyd and Frank Harris52Born-Haber cycles and lattice energiesRevision notePeter Nicolson52Jane Sutton - press and publicity officerPress and publicity officerPeople52-273.15oC is OK - OK?Just chattingJohn Garratt52The crystal growing challengeMaking and doing52Growing a crystal treeBack page52Relatively speakingEditorialJohn Garratt53Light messages from moleculesAmilra de Silva53ObservingLab pageMargaret Ferguson53‘Environmentally friendly’ chemicalsDevelopment of hydrogen peroxide, peroxygens, halogens, new polymers, effluent treatment, peroxygen analysis, reduction of gaseous emissionsKen Rowbottom53The reactions of metals with acidsCalcium, magnesium, zincProject pageDerek Denby53Nitric acidModern manufacture, nature's acid rain, nitration mixture, dissolving copperSubstancesGordon Woods53Fractional distillationIn pictures53Web of scentDetection of scents, gas chromatography, pheromonesEric Albone53Facets of ammonia chemistryAnswer backRichard Gilbert53Odour of celibacyDaedalus53The sweet smell of dangerMaking and doing53Robert Osman – plant managerPlant managerPeople53Melting and boiling pointsRevision noteJohn Skinner53ChemiluminescenceBack page53Lay your cards on the tableEditorialJohn Garratt54Electrochemical cellsElectrochemical reactions, galvanic cells, Daniel cell, electroplating cell, cell reactions for the corrosion of copper via oxygen reductionGerry Ottewill and Frank Walsh54Oxidation, hydrolysisDemocritus replies54Creative problem solvingMaking and doing54Using electrochemical cellsLab pageMargaret Ferguson54Sir Humphrey Davy and the safety lampElectrochemistryA Truman Schwartz54Keeping things shortRevision note54Alfred Nobel (1833-96)In picturesPeter Ellis54Nick Owen - innovations marketing managerInnovations marketing managerPeople54The pyrrole pigmentsHaem compounds, oxygen binding to haemoglobin, bile pigments, Vitamin B12Mervyn Hudson54Transition metalsAnswer backDavid Nicholls54Making light of project workChemiluminescence, luminolProject pageJohn Sleigh54Dyed in the woollyDaedalus54PropanoneManufacture, solvent propertiesSubstancesGordon Woods54The colours of pyrrole pigmentsBack page54Boyle – a good eggEditorialJohn Garratt55Trade roots - locating the sources of ancient artefactsAncient artefacts, flint, pottery, neutron activation, lead isotope analysisMike Cowell55Chemical dingbatsMaking and doingTerry Threlfall and Paul Harrison55IodineSubstancesGordon Woods55Steam distillationLab pageMargaret Ferguson55Colour – a chemical overviewChlorophyll, energy and colour, woad, tyrian purple, inorganic pigments, stained glass and gemstones, colours in inorganic compoundsKen Kite55Nuclear magnetic resonanceNMRIn picturesSimon Duckett55Acids and basesStrong and weak acids, salts of weak acids, self-ionisation of waterRevision noteRod Beavon55Chris HewittBrand managerPeopleChris Hewitt55What is photochemical smog?Oxides of nitrogen, radicals, ozoneMike Pilling55There’s more to vitamin C than Brussel sproutsBrussels sprouts, sources and stability of Vitamin CProject pageDerek Denby55A most unusual beetle!Bombardier beetleAnswer backFrank Harris55Gilbert Lewis and the chemical bondFifty years agoPeter Ellis55Stained glassBack pagePenelope Winton55A colour change!EditorialJohn Garratt61Stick with itAdhesives, how they work, polymers for glues, polyurethanes, acrylic glues, epoxy resinsGill Thomas61Polymer wordsearchMaking and doing61Sir William Grove (1811-1896)100 years agoPeter Ellis61WebElementsChemistry on the webAnne Hodgson61Doll diseaseCellulose acetate, raman spectroscopyHowell Edwards61Volumetric analysisLab pageMargaret Ferguson61First-class organic chemistryStamps with a chemical themeIn pictures61Rise and fall of CFCsCFCs, early refrigerants, HCFCs, global warmingDick Powell61Hydrogen peroxideSubstancesGordon Woods61Reactions that don't seem to add upCopper(II) sulfate, sodium hydroxide reactionProject pageDerek Denby61Plant locationBenzene, dyestuffsOur essential chemical industryGill Thomas61Nick HazelIssues Manager, BP ChemicalsPeopleNick Hazel61Acid-base indicators and buffer solutionsRevision noteRod Beavon61Reactions of halogenoalkanes with potassium hydroxideAnswer backGeoff Hallas61Winning crystalsLarge crystals grown by readersBack page61Fire your imaginationEditorialJohn Garratt62ProteinsIsotopes, chemical reactivity, solutions and crystalsJohn Garratt62AnagramsMaking and doing62Testing for metal ionsLab pageMargaret Ferguson62BecquerelLuminescence, radioactivityPeter Ellis62AluminaBauxite, occurrence in nature, precious stones, anodised aluminiumSubstancesGordon Woods62Clock reactionsProject pageDerek Denby62Ways of representing proteinsIn pictures62SaltFocus on industryBill Fox62Ultraviolet and visible spectraExplaining emission spectra, flame tests, hydrogen spectrum, experimental set-upRevision note62Raw materialsWater, air, earthOur essential chemical industryGill Thomas and John Garratt62The inside of a catTransition metals as catalysts, death of a catalyst, air/fuel management catalytic convertorGraham Mills and Gerry Ottewill62A potentially dangersous fertiliser!Ammonium nitrateAnswer backFrank Harris62Finding information about degree coursesChemistry on the webJohn Garratt62Acid-base equilibriaConcept map62Salt miningBack page62Taking chemistry to its limitsEditorialJohn GarrattSex and scents in the natural worldInsect attractants, making chemical attractantsDavid Kelly63A bird's-eye viewDefining chemical industry, industry's customers, chemical companiesOur essential chemical industryGill Thomas63Dragons blood and celluloidChemical conundrums for museums, gums, resins and waxes, plastics made from cellulose, GLC, infrared and raman spectroscopyAnita Quye63Chemistry in the open airIn pictures63How pure is your aspirin?Aspirin, thin layer chromatographyProject pageDerek Denby63SilicaSand, carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide, glasses, glass fibre, quartzSubstancesGordon Woods63Coppergate helmetConservation, corrosion of buried iron, chemical analysisSonia O'Connor63Molecule of the monthChemistry on the webJohn Garratt63Knocking your organic chemistry into shapeAnswer backPeter Simpson63Anne HodgsonChemistry Department, University of YorkPeopleAnne Hodgson63The island that time forgot…Frankincense, dragon's blood treesBack page63Spy versus spyMolecular sensors are molecules designed to recognise and signal the presence of specific speciesJonathan Steed64Nitric oxideFree radicals, atmospheric NO, tropospheric, stratospheric NO, NO in the body, decomposition of ozoneSubstancesGordon Woods64Capillary electrophoresisForensic scientists and art historians are amongst those using this revolutionary technique for analysing tiny samples, methods of detection, sample injectionAnne Hodgson64Separating solids from liquidsLab pageMargaret Ferguson64Mass spectrometryMSIn pictures64Kinetics – facts and theoryRate of reaction, order, chain reactions, rate constants, rate-determining steps, collision theoryRevision noteMichael Lewis64CHEMysteryChemistry on the webJason Lynam64Dingbats64Atmospheric inputs to the oceansFinding out how much of the pollution in the oceans comes from the atmosphereTim Jickells64Essential energyOur essential chemical industryGill Thomas64An organic ‘Whodunit?’Interconversion of organic functional groups, tests for functional groupsAnswer backPeter Blake and Keith Warren64Investigating enzymesBrowning bananas, hydrolysing oilsProject pageDerek Denby64Rock `n` roll eggsRocks and mineralsBack page64Lessons learnedEditorialJohn Garratt64Analysing food flavoursAnalysis of flavours in food using chromatography and electronic nosesZulfiqur Ali and Liam O’Hare65Coffee, tea and chemistryChemistry of making roast coffee and black tea and processes of brewingMichael Spiro65Take that!How medicines get to work, formulating a drug molecule into an effective medicineAmanda King65Keeping the costs downFixed and variable costs, reducing costs of productionOur essential chemical industryJohn Garratt & Gill Thomas65MathMolChemistry on the webJason Lynam65Dr BeakerSome puzzles/logic problemsMaking and doingTina Overton65Melissa LevittChemistry Commissioning Editor for OUPPeople65Water treatmentIn pictures65Handling gasesLab pageMargaret Ferguson65Mixed oxidesSubstancesGordon Woods65Copper chemistrySalters, minerals to elementsAnswer backFrank Harriss65Group 4Revision noteRay Vincent65Virtual reality in molecular modellingBack page65Chemistry in the mouldEditorialAnne Hodgson71As Mad as a HatterMercuryGerry Ottewill and Graham Mills71BuckminsterfullerenesChemistry on the webJason Lynam71ChloridesBonding and structure, melting and boiling points, electrical conductivitySubstancesGordon Woods71How accurate are Titrations?Language of analysisProject pageDerek Denby71Testing for gasesLab pageRay Vincent71Lunch with Sir HarrySir Harry Kroto, BuckyballsEncounterRichard Beatty, Simon Evans, Cher Thornhill71University researchMobile atmospheric monitoring labAll in a day’s workAlastair Lewis71Breath of fresh airAtmospheric chemistry - field campaign at Mace Head (hydroxyl radicals and organic compounds)In pictures71Identifying gasesRevision noteRay Vincent71Foiling the food fraudstersWide range of analytical approaches used by chemists in detection of adulteration of foodstuffs, enzymatic methods, HPLC, isotopic methodsReg Wilson71Element searchMaking and doing71Getting the language rightChlorine molecule, ionsTop tipsMargaret Ferguson71An open invitationIntroductionResearch teamEric Albone71Structures, equations and mechanismsNEABAnswer backGraham Curtis71Nitrogen and phosphorus in estuariesRemoval of DIP in estuaries, quantifying removal processes, nitrogenChemistry and the environmentTim Jickells71Oceans of mercuryIn China - emperorBack page71Keep it simpleEditorialAnne Hodgson72The curious life of nitric oxideNitric oxide is not just a pollutant gas, it is vital to the health of our bodies, oxides of nitrogen, macrophagesAnthony Butler and Douglas Short72Chemistry is fun!Be safe, colourful chemistry, iodine clockMaking and doingAnne Hubbard72KineticsAnswer backAndrew Bethell72Fantastic plasticsAlkenes polymersFocus on industryBill Fox72Chocolate - the inside storyIngredients, MRI, lipids, cocoa, fatty acidsIn picturesThierry Guiheneuf72Carbon monoxide - more than just a deadly gasAtomic efficiency of reactions, carbon monoxide and catalysis, catalystsJohn Evans72Intermolecular bondsPolar moleculeRevision noteCathy Sparrow72Oxidation States (or oxidation numbers)Oxidation numbers, working out oxidation statesTop tipsMargaret Ferguson72Mountains of wasteWaste, disposal, landfillChemistry and the environmentPaul Phillips72Research & developmentCroda Universal LtdAll in a day’s workColin Newbould72Green pagesChemistry on the webJason Lynam72Potassium chlorideLattice, salt bridges, manufacture of potassium compoundsSubstancesGordon Woods72Up in smokePolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphereBack page72Nano-architectureEditorialAnne Hodgson73The shapes of moleculesOsmium, predicting shapes, ethane and ethanolTop tips 73Investigating surface tensionMaking and doingGerry Ottewill73Aluminium chlorideLewis acid, bases, organic catalystSubstancesGordon Woods73IsomerismRevision noteJohn Murray73Iceman of the Alps – the mummy who came in from the coldSpectroscopic techniques to analyse human skin, lipids, mummies, molecular vibration and raman spectroscopyHowell Edwards73SO2 and acid rainDetection and determination, samplingChemistry and the environmentTony Edmonds and John Lee73Study chemistry and see the world!29th International Chemistry OlympiadEncounterMichael Pollitt73Planning your ChemistryAnswer backAlastair Fleming73What’s in wine?Organic acids found in wineProject pageDerek Denby73Challenge of materialsIn pictures73Ring the changes with ChimeChemistry on the webJason Lynam73Woman of achievementDorothy HodgkinBack pageJean Whittingham73Molecules in space – the chemical laboratory at the end of the universeRadical reactions, thermodynamics, kinetics, spectroscopy, low temperature reactions kinetics, light and electromagnetic radiation, spectra, temperatureIan Smith73Head in the cloudsEditorialAnne Hodgson74Sulfur: Element of mysterySulfur can exist as rings and chains, these forms give rise to a range of colours, which have been observed on the Jovian moon, IoTony Semlyen74Life, the universe and the electronChemistry on the webJason Lynam74Gold’s fingerprintFrom serious crime to ancient artefacts, elemental fingerprinting can reveal the secrets of goldJohn Watling74CCl4 and SiCl4As a solvent, toxicity of, reactions with waterSubstancesGordon Woods74Ioning out the problemsThe use of ion exchange to purify water, calculations in ion exchange chemistry, ion exchange systems in natureNick Womack74Ion exchange resinspKa values for some amino acidsProject pageDerek Denby74Thermal analysisThermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)In picturesAnne Hodgson74Chemistry at workClay structure, electrochemical sensors, froth flotationEncounterKing Edward VI College74Climate Change and CO2Measuring temperatures of the past, molecular solutionChemistry and the environmentBrendan Keely74Periodic patternsNEAB 1996Answer backPeter Battye74Black smokersHydrothermal activity beneath the seaBack pageBrendan Keely74Taking a closer look at chemistryEditorialAnne Hodgson75Quantum mechanical magic in the scanning tunnelling miscroscopeScanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) Chris Ennis75Tracing oil spills at seaCrude oil, oil spills at sea, chemical analysisChemistry and the environmentEvin McGovern75Aluminium – a paradoxical metalA paradoxical metal, data tableFocus on industryPeter Ellis75The secret life of an organic reactionCurly arrows, substitution reactionsaddition reactions, elimination reactionsRevision note75Seeing atomsReconstructionIn picturesTim Doust75Patent agentTrainee patent agent for Glaxo WellcomeAll in a day's workSi?n Hockley,75IUPACNaming elements 101-109Did you know75Illuminated lettersPhosphorescent inks, luminescence,Dr A Lane75Measuring the boiling point of a liquidVapour pressure and boiling point, simple distillationLab page75PMD – a natural seed germination inhibitorStereoisomerismResearch teamWatford Grammar School75HClHydrogen chlorideSubstancesGordon Woods75Chromatography and the structure of a dipeptideAnswer backRobin Hillman75Something lost in the translation?Strontianite, strontiumBack pageMargaret Ferguson75Konzo: a case of cyanide poisoning from foodCassava, cyanide poisoning, thiocyanateAngela Melamed81Quinine – one of the great moleculesCinchona bark and mosquito bites, natural and synthetic products, malaria, heterocyclic molecules, stereoisomersChemistry and healthChris Ramsden81Calculations involving amountsChemical formulae and equations, calculating molesTop tipsMargaret Ferguson81Poison!Chemistry on the webDoug Clow81Are you part of a research team?Research team81Logical chemistryMaking and doingJoe McGinnis81pH: Who needs to know?In picturesDave Lindsey81Complex informationTransition metal elements and complex ionsAnswer backBrian Parker81Make a note: The production of intaglio printing platesnickel electroforming, silver spraying, chrome platingDavid Stone81Using mnemonic methodsRemember, rememberTom Keogh81Measuring pHAcid base indicators, pH metersLab pageDavid Lindsey81HalogensRevision noteCathy Sparrow81The welding torchBack page81Grasping the nettleEditorialAnne Hodgson82Alcohol and drink-driving: From consumption to convictionAbsorption of infrared radiation by molecules, breath testing, analysis of samplesBen Faust82Niels BohrA puzzleMaking and doingGerry Ottewill82Fire!Bangs and smellsChemistry on the webDoug Clow82Napthazarin, PDT and the fight against cancerPhotodynamic therapy, raman spectroscopyResearch teamErlick Pereira82The story systemMnemonicsRemember, rememberTom Keogh82Medicines in the gardenMedicinal plantsIn picturesAnne Hodgson82Metals in medicineInorganic drugs, Cis explained, cisplatin, DNA, technetiumChemistry and healthSpencer Harben and Jon Freeman82Spider diagramsRevision notePeter Battye82What is chromatography?TLC, thin-layer chromatographyLab pageDave Lindsey82Drugs in the haySweet clover, mould, anticoagulant, dicoumarolBack pageAnne Hodgson82Does faster mean further?Kinetics, equilibriaAnswer backPeter Blake and Keith Warren82Making modelsMolecular modelling, molecular mechanics and energy minimisation, predicting shapes, drug designPaul Cox, Graham Mills and Gerry Ottewill82Marie CurieDid you know?Peter Ellis82How do we do it?EditorialAnne Hodgson83Protecting timber naturallyChemicals to prevent wood from rotting, CCAEd Suttie83Body parts from the polymer labPoly(methylmethacrylate) PMMA bone cement, tissue engineering, degradable polymers, polymers for the eyeChemistry and healthChris Ansell83Organic chemistryInfrared absorption dataAnswer backPeter Battye83The loci systemRemember, rememberTom Keogh83Robert Wilhelm Bunsen (1811-1899)The Bunsen Cell, measuring relative atomic mass100 years agoPeter Ellis83Prehistoric gums and gluesGas chromatography, mass spectrometry, turpenes, trimethylsilyation, chewing gum, adhesive, GC-MS (Box on p. 19)Liz Aveling and Carl Heron83Chemistry under the microscopecrystals in polarised lightIn picturesDr Harold Rose83The alkanesReaction of methane with chlorine, isomers of alkanesRevision notePeter Battye83Antarctic researchIceAll in a day’s workJulie Hall83Oscillating reactionsBriggs-Rauscher reaction, Belousov-Zhabotinsky reactionProject pageDerek Denby83ButaneSubstancesGordon Woods83The Meissner effectBack pageTom Halstead83Warning, hazardous chemicals!EditorialAnne Hodgson84That’s the spirit! Production authenticity in scotch whisky industryScotch whisky industry, analytical chemistry, malting, detection in HPLCRoss Aylott84The discovery of VentolinAsthma, drug development, organic synthesis, salbutamol, adrenalineChemistry and healthPeter O'Brien84Adsorption and inclusionMethods of analysis, adsorbing molecules, including moleculesProject pageDerek Denby84Molecules at an Exhibitionby John EmsleyWorth readingJohn Garratt84The peg methodRemember, rememberTom Keogh84Chemistry on trackThermit WeldingIn picturesAnne Hodgson84Ethanoic acidVinegar, formulae, weak acidSubstancesGordon Woods84Ever increasing circles: a look at cyclic polymersCyclic polymers, cyclic silicones have some remarkable properties and a range of useful applications, gel permeation chromatography, neutron scattering, glass transition temperatureTony Semlyen84Identifying reactions (I)Acid base reactions, redox reactionsTop tipsMargaret Ferguson84RecrystallisationLab PageDave Lindsey84Energy, bonding and haloalkanesAnswer backRobin Hillman84The problem with PETRates and mechanismsResearch teamTynemouth College84Wobbly chemistry – a look at collagen and gelatinCollagen and gelatinBack pageAnne Hodgson84Are you a winner?EditorialAnne Hodgson85Lighter flints and luminescence: some chemistry of the rare earth elementsRare earth elements, lanthanides, Carl Auer von Welsbach, MRI, contrast agentHelen Aspinall85PhenolManufacture, bulk uses of, preparation of nylonSubstancesGordon Woods85Chemicals in foods and drinksAssessing the risks, waterChemistry and healthNorman Greenwood85Identifying reactions (II)Ionic precipitation, complex formationTop tipsMargaret Ferguson85The brewer's artChemistry of beer makingIn picturesNigel Lowe85Granular detergent technology developmentProcter & GambleAll in a day's workLouise Scarry85Chemistry at universityCourses, counting the cost, entry requirementsEncounterRoger Mawby85Phonetic systemRemember, rememberTom Keogh85‘In-the-dark yellowing’ of alkyd-based paintsConjugated systemsResearch teamRobert Carney85Simply red, naturallyCochineal, kermes, madder, lac, analysis, liquid chromatography, dyesAnita Quye85Obtaining marks from obtaining metalsAnswer backAndy Bethell85Lac - resin and dye producerBack pageAnita Quye85We’re turning green (and red and blue and yellow…)EditorialAnne Hodgson91The new alchemistsHeavy ion research, GSIRobert Matthews91Joseph Black (1728-1799)Latent heat, distillation200 years agoPeter Ellis91Changing stateForces between particles, states of matter, changing state of water, evaporation versus boilingRevision notePeter Battye91Concentration of copper ionsProject pageDerek Denby91The invisible architecture of gemstones and mineralsCrystallographyJohn Meurig Thomas91Gakistuf!Making “silly putty” Making and doingChris Ennis91CatalystsGreen chemistryStewart Tavener & Dave Adams91Are you part of a Research Team?Research teamAnne Hodgson91Egyptian Blue and NefertitiBack pageSir John Meurig Thomas91Green sitesChemistry on the webChris Ennis91Ethanol as a fuelAnswer backFrank Harris91Gemstonesgems and mineralsIn picturesBrendan Keely & John Meurig Thomas91Please to remember the fifth of November…EditorialAnne Hodgson92Really wild dyesDyes, colour, natural plantsAnita Quye92Refluxing and distillationLab pageDavid Lindsey92Calculating yields in chemical reactionsTop tipsAlasdair Thorpe92The Nobel prizeChemistry on the webChris Ennis92Dr BeakerLogic problemMaking and doingTina Overton92AluminiumMetal/non-metal, amphoteric oxide and hydroxide, aluminium chloride, reactionsSubstancesGordon Woods92Fireworks!Flame tests for metal saltsIn picturesAnne Hodgson92Green beans?tin plate production, scanning electron microscopy, electrolytesGreen chemistryMike Lancaster92Edward Frankland (1825-1899)Structural formulae100 years agoPeter Ellis92The natural solution: Future technologies research at BT LabsFuture technologies research at BT Lab Glenn Proctor92Solving a chemical jigsaw puzzleDeducing the identity of organic compoundsAnswer backAndy Bethell92NitroglycerineFrom the book The Big Bang, dynamite, TNTWorth readingG I Brown92Exam tacticsOrganising revision, time management reading questions, avoiding mistakesRevision notePeter Battye92The spider’s superfibreProtein structure of spider silkBack pageSara Sleigh92The dawning of a new era?EditorialAnne Hodgson93Positively plasticPolyethylene, synthetic polymers, polymer architectures, stereolithography or rapid prototyping, molecular bar codesJulia Higgins93Molecules of the MillenniumDNA, water, aspirin, penicillin, oxygenIn pictures93Structure and bondingBonding, intramolecular forcesAnswer backPeter Battye93Environmental SolutionsSolvent usage, greening solvents, natural alternativesGreen chemistryNick Hazel93Chemical landmarks of the twentieth centurySynthetic polymers, Teflon, lysozyme, fluorineEncounterJulia Higgins, John Emsley, John Garratt, John Holloway93Bringing chemistry to lifeCatalysis in cells, hard mineral compounds, inorganic medicinesRobert Williams93A world of virtual chemistryChemistry on the webChris Ennis93Transition metal complexes ILigandsRevision notePeter Battye93CaesiumDiscovery, isolation, chemical and physical properties, isotopesSubstancesGordon Woods93Architecture with moleculesATP synthase, metalloporphyrins, long linear carbon chains, C60, the buckytubes and DNAHarry Kroto93University lecturerAll in a day's workPeter O'Brien93The DomePolytetrafluoroethene (PTFE)Back pageAnne Hodgson93Natural born chemist?EditorialAnne Hodgson94Environmental pressureElectricity, SOx emissions, coal-fired stations, NOx emissionsDonald Miller94SulfurSulfur, sulphur, Frasch processSubstancesGordon Woods94Transition metal complexes IILigand exchange, Redox, Bidentate ligands,Revision notePeter Battye94Plants of the futureGenetically modified organismsGreen chemistryNigel Oliver94A site for youA-level chemistryChemistry on the webChris Ennis94Generating electricityEnergy, electricity, fuelIn picturesJohn Vernon94Taking the pain out of plastersGlass transition temperatures, acrylic copolymers, light-switchable PSAIain Webster94Making inks stickAdhesion promoters, new product development, titanium and its compounds, inkFocus on industryMartin Partridge94Drawing enthalpy cyclesEnthalpy cyclesTop tipsAlasdair Thorpe94Dr Beakerlogic problemMaking and doingTina Overton94Phosphorus and friendsInorganic chemistry, phosphorus, siliconAnswer backMaurice Carmody94CalorimetryMeasuring enthalpies of combustion, the bomb calorimeterLab pageAlasdair Thorpe94The Galileo thermometerArchimedes principle, density changes with temperature, buoyancyBack pageAnne Hodgson94Eureka!EditorialAnne Hodgson95NanotechnologySTM, looking at atoms, writing with atoms, the C60 amplifierChris Ennis95Surf n learnInternet learningChemistry on the webChris Ennis95Atom efficiency and catalysisThe E factor, atom efficiency/low salt technologiesAtom efficiencies of stoichiometric vs catalytic oxidation, ibuprofen manufactureGreen chemistryRoger Sheldon95Testing halide ionsInorganic chemistry, focusing on Group 7 of the periodic tableAnswer backHelen Neal95Monitoring local air qualityPollution, air qualityIn picturesElizabeth Bates95An ion brew for cleaner chemistryCatalysis in ionic liquidsPaul Dyson95Organic synthetic pathwaysOrganic synthetic pathways, organic reactionsRevision notePeter Battye95Nitric oxide as a synthetic reagentReactions of nitric oxide as a free radicalResearch teamKings School95Agrochemical Registration SpecialistAgrochemical product registrationAll in a day’s workKaren Walker95Chemistry in slow motionAhmed Zewail Nobel Prize, femtochemistry, studying reactions as they happenEncounterNobel Foundation95The hydrogen car: vehicle of the futurefuel cellsBack pageAnne Hodgson95Watch this space…EditorialAnne Hodgson101Riches from the seasAlkalis, leblanc process, solvay process, carbonates, iodine, fertilisers, polysaccharides, alginates, kelp, seaweedMargaret Ferguson101Testing much more than fertilisersFertilisers, acids and bases, moles, volumes and concentrations, redox, equilibriumAnswer backMaurice Carmody101To boldly go…Ozone layer, water cycle, astrobiology, global warming, chemistry in spaceChemistry on the webChris Ennis101CyanidesDot and cross diagrams, acids and bases, complex formation, oxidation numbers, equilibrium, Le Chatelier's principle, nucleophilic substitution reactions in halogenoalkanes, organic synthesesSubstancesPeter Battye101Pushing back the frontiers…Research teamAnne Hodgson101Interpreting mass spectraMass spectroscometry, molecular ions, fragmentation, isotopesTop tipsAlasdair Thorpe101Visual elementsart inspired by the periodic tableIn picturesAnne Hodgson101Pottery: art meets scienceGiant covalent structures, equilibrium, acids and alkalis, thermal decomposition, transition-metal chemistry (redox, complex formation, coloured compounds), phase diagrams, eutectic mixtures, molesStephen Rogers101Name that element competitionCompetitionMaking and doingAnne Hodgson101Assessing the risks in practical workHazards, risks, safety, risk assessmentLab pageAlasdair Thorpe101Dyes and dyeingAzo dyes, intermolecular forces, colorimetry, acid-base indicatorProject pageDerek Denby101DIBs: a great unsolved mysteryAbsorption and emission spectroscopy, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsChemistry in spaceAndrew Shaw101Reaching for the SkyRedox reactions, combustionGerry Ottewill101It’s how big?EditorialAnne Hodgson102Hydrogels - very versatile materialsMedical implants, polymer networks, super-absorbent materials, hydrogels, hydrophilic compounds, polymersKevin Yeomans102Knowledge and how to apply itAcids and bases, transition-metal chemistry, factors determining the reactions used in industrial processesAnswer backPeter Battye102Chemistry in the shed!Experimental chemistry, crystal growing, chemical misconceptions, science jokesChemistry on the webChris Ennis102Interpreting NMR spectraProton NMR spectroscopy, chemical shift, peak splittingTop tipsAlasdair Thorpe102Chlorine: the poison we cannot do withoutThe electrolysis of brine, redox reactions, oxidation states, uses of chlorine, manufacture and uses of chlorine compoundsSubstancesGordon Woods102PhosphorusPhosphorusIn picturesBrendan Keely102Conkering corditeCombustion, propanone (ketone) polymerisation, cellulose, propanone, gunpowderWilson Flood102The Shocking History of Phosphorus: a biography of the Devil’s elementPhosphorus, luminescenceWorth readingJohn Emsley102Fun with hydrogelsHydrogelsMaking and doingKevin Yeomans102A date with the high and mighty of ScienceBritish Youth Science Fair 2000, Sir Aaron KlugEncounterKings School102What a dusty universe!Spectroscopy, formation of molecules, adsorption onto surfaces, astrochemistry, simple chemical reactionsChemistry in spaceSerena Vita102Fire-blocking gelhydrogel polymerBack pageAnne Hodgson102IsomersEditorialAnne Hodgson103What is isomerism?Structural isomers, chain isomerism, position isomerism, function group isomerism, stereoisomers, geometric isomerism, enantiomers, optical isomerism (Chirality), stereoisomerism in organic compoundsRevision noteGwen Pilling103Virtually isomericisomerismChemistry on the webChris Ennis103Looking in the mirrorChirality, optical isomerism, enantiomers, chiral drugs, asymmetric synthesis, biological properties of chiral molecules, asymmetric catalysis and enzymes, use of skeletal (stick) formulaeAdam Nelson103Writing structural isomers using stick formulaeStructural isomers, stick formulae, skeletal structuresTop tipsPeter Battye103It’s a chiral world!ChiralityIn picturesMatt Brown103A bitter isomerisationFunctional group isomers, alcohols and ketones, fermentationSubstancesPeter Battye103Assorted alcoholsPrimary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, oxidation reactions of alcoholsAnswer backAndy Bethell1033D modelsBuilding models of molecules, computer-aided modellingMaking and doingChris Ennis103What’s in a mixture?Positional isomers, synthesis, amines, 1H NMR spectroscopy, oxidation, reductionPeter O'Brien103Space: the first and last great breweryInterstellar medium, ethanol in space, radio astronomy, radical chemistry, molecular synthesis in space, cosmic rays, gas-phase interstellar chemistry, theory of the possible biological role of organic molecules from space, ion-molecule reactionsChemistry in spaceChris Mayhew & Richard Kennedy103A different slant on DNABack pageLorraine Hewitt103As old as time itselfEditorialAnne Hodgson104Armour: King Henry VIII and solid-state steel makingMicroscopic analysis of suits of armour, extraction of iron, steel production, redox reactions, properties of metalsAlan Williams104Correcting fluid correct?Stereoisomerism, geometrical isomerism, optical isomerism, reactions of alkenes, isotopic abundance, reactions of aromatic compounds, reaction mechanisms, mass spectroscopyAnswer backPeter Battye104Tackling chemical calculationsBalanced equations, moles, concentrationsTop tipsAlasdair Thorpe104Malcolm Cunnington: The man in the white coat!developmental research chemist, BP AmocoEncounterLisa Cox104Oxidation of alcohols: isomers reacting differentlyPrimary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, oxidation/reduction, tests for alcohols, ketones, carboxylic acids, aldehydesLab pageAlasdair Thorpe104Carbon monoxideBonding, combustion, redox reactions, extraction of metals, dot and cross diagrams, electrochemical cells, enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy changesSubstancesPeter Battye104Chemistry, colour and lightdyes, fluorescence, flame tests, chemiluminescenceIn picturesAnne Hodgson104Colour in diamondsElectron orbitals, structure of diamond, atomic absorption spectroscopy, colour, crystal defects, electromagnetic spectrumRosslyn Nicholson104Name that element competition: the winners!Making and doing104No worries!Chemistry on the webChris Ennis104AminesAmines, reaction mechanisms, bases, reduction, shapes of molecules, nucleophilesRevision notePeter Battye104Beagle 2: looking to explore a blurred vision of life on MarsIsotopes, spectroscopic analysis, combustion, carbon cycleChemistry in spaceColin Pillinger104A close encounterNear Earth Asteroid Rendezvous, (NEAR) of Shoemaker spacecraft with asteroid Eros, X-ray fluorescenceBack pageAnne Hodgson104The sweet smell of successEditorialAnne Hodgson111Strike a light!Oxidation, initiator, allotropes of phosphorus, extraction of phosphorus, chemical reactions in matchesJohn Emsley111Gasses, Part 1Molecular collisions of gases, ideal gas equation, calculations of reacting quantities of gasesRevision notePeter Battye111Fizz! Making sherbetAcid-base hydrogen-carbonate chemistryMaking and doingJohn Holman111Liquid breathingHalogenoalkanesWonders of chemistryStephanie Makins111StrontiumGroup 2 Chemistry, Uses of strontium compoundSubstancesGordon Woods111Chocolate gingersWebsites relating to food and drinkChemistry on the webChris Ennis111Food to dye forColourings found in foodsIn picturesJane Spare111A tough mistakeChemistry of limestone and limeChemical heroesAdam Hart-Davis111The sweet smell of chemistry: designing new fragrance ingredientsChromatography, fractional distillation, functional group, alcohols, aromatic compound, ketones, perfumeAma?lle Cabannes111The X-ray detectiveFrom The Periodic TableWorth readingPrimo Levi111Redox rights and wrongsDisproportionation, redox reactions, ionic half-equations, oxidation states, volumetric analysisAnswer backMaurice Carmody111Cool chemistry: what’s in an ice cream?Colloids, depression of freezing point, phase separation, properties of amino acids, structure of sucrose, detergentsA taste for chemistryDanny Keenan111Thread of scienceFamous Quaker scientistsBack pageAnnie Hodgson111So you want to be a chemistEditorialAnne Hodgson112A paint under pressureMethods for measuring pressure, transition-metal complexes, luminescenceAndy Shaw112Calculations involving massesBalanced equations, empirical formulae, the mole, Avogadro's constantRevision notePeter Battye112GalliumPeriodicity, amphoteric, properties of group 3 elements, atomic weight/relative atomic mass, Mendeleev, periodic tableSubstancesGordon Woods112The virtual libraryUseful chemistry websitesChemistry on the webChris Ennis112Sniffing for extra marksReactions of alkenes, isometric - optical and geometricalAnswer backPhil Barratt and David Ballard112AntioxidantsVitamins C and EIn picturesAndy parsons112It’s a radical worldFree Radical, Homolytic fission, cracking, chain reaction, ozone depletion, addition reaction, polymersAndy Parsons112Paved with titaniumFree radicals, catalysis, oxides of nitrogen in atmospheric pollutionWonders of chemistryStephanie Makins112Experimental error and error analysis: just how good are those results?Experimental uncertainty, combining uncertaintiesLab pageAlasdair Thorpe112Calculating carbon dioxide (CO2)The greenhouse effect, calculations involving masses, moles and volumes of gasesMaking and doingWilson Flood112Cooked to a turn! Non-enzymic browning in foodSugar chemistry, maillard reaction, kinetics of consecutive reactions, amino acidsA taste for chemistryBronek Wedzicha112Glowing fireflies! Catalytic oxidation of ammoniaCatalytic oxidation of ammoniaBack pageDavid Griffiths1121% inspirationEditorialAnne Hodgson113Get real! Chemistry’s in fashionIntermolecular forces, Azo dyes, mordants, fast dyes vat dyes, fibre reactive dyes, useful substances from nature. Alizarin.Tyrian purple. Perkin’s mauve.Vanessa Barker113A reaction that speeds itself upCatalyst, ether, ligand, raction rates, autocatalysis, catalysis, crown ethersProject pageDerek Denby113SeleniumGroup trends/Group 6 chemistry, allotropes, metalloids, conductivity, photovoltaic effect, photoconductive effect, cofactor, amino acidSubstancesGordon Woods113Patterns in the periodic tableGroup and periodic trendsAnswer backNorman Conquest113BiodieselTriglycerides, esters, transesterification reactionsIn picturesChris Ennis113Fireworks, stink-bombs and magic bullet medicinesRadical, diatomic, cation, oxidation, polymers, drugs, UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy, electromagnetic spectrum, three-dimensional shape of moleculesPatrick Bailey113Gases, part 2Real and ideal gases, partial pressure, mole fraction, gaseous equilibria Kp, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, activation energyRevision notePeter Battye113A root to white sugar: how to turn a plant into something sweetHydrolysis, coagulation, sucrose, crystallisation, saccharides, invert sugarA taste for chemistryGraham Wright113Saving reefs from griefElectrolysis, calcium carbonate chemistryWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith113Where there’s smoke there’s gravityCombustion, diffusion, convection, gravityBack pageAndrew Shaw113Pretty poly!EditorialAnne Hodgson114Getting tyred with chemistry!Rubber, sulfur, cis/trans, polymer, alkenes, copolymer, colloids, polymerisation, tyresChris Ferguston114Anyone for spaghetti and peas?Polymers – crystalline and amorphous, relationship between structure and properties, metal structure, alloysMaking and doingGwen Pilling114Understanding cocoa flavourPeptide bonds, phenolic compounds, mucilaginous pulp, hydrolysis, fermentation, triglycerides, polyphenols, enzyme-catalysed reactions. Chocolate.A Taste for chemistryElif Buyukpamukcu114Know your KsTop tipsJohn Holman114Oxidation and reduction at AS and A2Oxidation numbers, ion-electron equations, ionic equations, redox, electrode potential, disproportionation, half equationsAnswer backGraham Curtis114Polymer protected professionalsRelationship between structure and properties in polymersIn picturesGraham Dykes114Plastics that conduct electricityPolymers, oxidising agents, reducing agents, amorphous, delocalisation of electrons, conjugation, relationship between structure and properties in polymersPeter Wright114Confectionery product developerAll in a day’s worksSuzanne Tinkler114Trends in period 3 elementsPeriodicity, electronegativity, atomic radii, melting/boiling points, structure and properties, ionisation energyRevision notePeter Battye114Self-healing plasticsPolymer composites, catalysed polymerisation reactionsWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith114Plastastic!Websites relating to plastics and other polymersChemistry on the webChris Ennis114Displaying vision: LEPDelocalised electrons, conjugation, polymersBack pageValerie Grand114What has chemistry ever done for us?EditorialAnne Hodgson121Genetic chess by the light of a jellyfishGFP, fluorescence, chemiluminescence and bioluminescence, excitation, electronic spectroscopy, proteins, genetic engineeringAndrew Shaw121HydrogenRelative atomic mass, isotopes, pH, oxidation state, periodic table, electrode potentialsSubstancesGordon Woods121Electronic structure and chemical bondingElectronic structure, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, hydrogen bonding, dot-and-cross diagrams, intermolecular forces, bond angles, delocalisationAnswer backAlastair Fleming121How snails could help repair broken bonesLiquid crystals, calcium carbonate, microscopyEncounterMairi Struthers121Curly locksAmino acids, protein structure, intermolecular forces, intramolecular forces, hydrogen bonds, disulfide bonds, hairChemistry everywhereGerri Ottewill121Dyeing hairChemistry of temporary, semi-permanent and permanent hair dyesIn picturesGerri Ottewill121Understanding electrode potentialsElectrode potential, dynamic equilibrium, redox reactionTop tipsDavid Billett121Infernal chemistryEnergy sources and sinks, radical chemistry, sulfur, sublimation, allotrope, homolytic fission, ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, equilibrium, geochemical cycles, photochemistry, electron bombardmentEdwin Kite121Popcorn explosionsWhat makes corn pop?Making and doingJo Belsten121Beyond the molecule…Intermolecular forcesBack pageGraham Dykes121Into tomorrow’s worldEditorialAnne Hodgson122Silicon-based life!Tetrahedral, activation energy, Group 4 chemistry, hydrolysis, semiconductors, kinetic and thermodynamic stability, lewis bases, nucleophinesChris Ennis122Roast beef and ashes to vegetarian shampooHydrolysis, lipophile, hydrophile, esters, hydrolysis, saponification, trigylycerides, detergents, surface tension, surfactantsChemistry everywhereTony Hargreaves122Familiar and less familiar acidsReaction mechanisms, carbonium ions, enthalpy change, buffers, electrophilic addition, strong and weak acids, acid-base titrations, acid-base indicators, pHAnswer backPhilip Barratt122Using electrode potentialsRedox, oxidation states, standard redox potentials, half-equations, Nernst equation, complex formulation, equilibriumTop tipsDavid Billett122Black Magic?...High-value products from scrap tyresHydrocarbon, aromatic compounds, copolymer, catalysis, alkenes, pyrolysis, alkanes, industrial chemical feedstocksPaul Williams122The elements in group 2Electronic configurations, group trends, redox and ionic precipitation reactionsRevision notePeter Battye122Find you way with the web indexGeneral chemistry websitesChemistry on the webChris Ennis122The barking dogReaction between nitric acid and carbon disulfideIn picturesPaul Walton122Making a standard solutionMoles, titration, primary standardLab pageAlasdair Thorpe122Windows that clean themselvesFree radicals, catalysis, photcatalysis, hydrogen bondingWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith122MicrodiamondsBonding, structure and properties of diamondBack page122What’s in a name? It’s all Greek to me!EditorialAnne Hodgson123New tricks for stacking bricks: modern approaches to organic synthesisOxidation and reduction, peptides, polymer, proteins, organic synthesis, thin-layer chromatographyAndrew Parsons123Balancing equationsLaw of conservation of mass, chemical formulae, balance equations, state symbolsTop tipsGwen Pilling123Fuelling the fireBond enthalpy, enthalpy change, combustionAnswer backMaurice Carmody123TitrationsAmount of substance, moles, molarity, volumetric technique, mole calculationsRevision notePeter Battye123ChromiumTransition metal, double salt, steroisomerism, redox, complex salt, primary standard, equilibriumSubstancesGordon Woods123BubblesStructure of a bubble, creating novel bubble shapesMaking and doingAnne Hodgson123Around the world with chemistryIdeal gas law, exothermic reactions, enthalpy changes, polymers – Kevlar, nylonIn picturesScott Anstey123Chemistry in the remotest corner of the solar system: the Rosetta missionBeta decay, half-life, mass spectroscopy, radioactive decay, isotope abundance, gas chromatography, spaceAndrew Shaw and Ian Wright123Catalysis for success!Catalysts, enzymes, activation enthalpy, chiralityChemistry on the webChris Ennis123All you should know about doughAerobic, anaerobic, yeast, amino acids, proteins, enzymes, hydrogen bondsChemistry everywhereSue Parsons123ColorimetryAbsorbance, transmission, complementary colours, calibration curve, serial dilutionLab pageAlasdair Thorpe123Sniffing for troubleIon mobility spectrometer, walk through explosives detection portalBack pageJon Trux and Anne Hodgson123Happy birthday DNA!EditorialAnne Hodgson124The ultra blue: the story of ultramarineMinerals, silicates, industrial flow charts, why substances are coloured, filtration, solubility of sodium salts, industrial chemistryChemistry everywhereDon Ainley124Particles, bonding and shapesVan der Waals forces, dipoles, states of matter, molecular shapes, lone-pairs, bond angles, changes of stateAnswer backPeter Battye124Microscopic toffee apples to build a brave new worldOxidation state, oxidation, reduction, disproportionation, structure of metals, oxidation states, covalent bondingJason Lynam124Modelling the double helixDNAIn picturesAnne Hodgson124BromineElectrode potentials, alkanes and alkenes, energetic, redox, displacement, inter- and intramolecular forces, Hess’s LawSubstancesGordon Woods124Using oxidation statesRedox reactions, oxidation, reduction, disproportionationTop tipsChris Prior124Mass spectrometry gets massive: Nobel prize for chemistry 2002Mass analyser, desorption, Dalton, fragmentation, electrospray, matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation, soft laser desorption, time of flightBrendan Keely124NucleophilesNucleophilic substitution reactions, nucleophilic addition reactions, nucleophilic addition-elimination reactionsRevision notePeter Battye124DIY DNANucleic acids, enzymes, extracting DNAMaking and doingJoanne Ladds124Twenty-first century batteriesCells, electrodes, electrolyteWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith124The double helix 50 years onDNA, Evolution, Human Genome Project, hydrogen bonding, genetic fingerprintingChemistry on the webChris Ennis124AirbagsExothermic reactions, energetic and kinetic stabilityBack pageJohn Holman124Chemistry the super sleuthEditorialAnne Hodgson131Sparkling cyanideOxidation, complexes, enzymes, haemoglobinBob Flanagan131The chemistry of fingerprintsConjugation, delocalisation, -orbitals, fluorescence, polymerisation, amino acids, complex formationForensic scienceJames Wickens131Get in the right groupPeriodicity, atomic structure, relative atomic mass, isotopesAnswer backMaurice Carmody131What are van der Waals forces?Intermolecular forces, electronegativity, dipolesTop tipsChris Prior131Moles – the basicsMoles, Avogadro constant, Avogadro’s numberRevision notePeter Battye131Mendeleev, creator of the chemists’ logoAtomic mass, atomic number, valency, amphoteric, periodic tableScientists of substanceGordon Woods131Analyse this!Websites relating to analytical chemistryChemistry on the webChris Ennis131Mighty atoms!Atomic theory, sub-atomic particles, atomic structure, isotopes, atomic mass, atomic number, valence, John DaltonAnne Hodgson131What is machair?Acid-base chemistry, pHIn picturesMargaret Ferguson131Hydrogen sulfidePeriodic trends, molecular shape, intermolecular forces, redox reactions, weak acidsSubstancesPeter Battye131Observing and recordingHeating solids, solubility, making solutions, describing substancesLab pageAlasdair Thorpe131Graphite polyhedral crystalsBack pageBrandon Broll131Would you like ice with that?EditorialAnne Hodgson132Sense and sensor abilityAnion, cation, fluorescence, non-covalent interactionsDavid Smith132Antarctic atmospheric chemistryGas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), atmospheric chemistryAll in a day’s workDave Wevill132Classifying organic reactionsAddition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, saturated and unsaturated compounds, alkenes, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, reactions of benzeneTop tipsAndrew Parsons132Organic synthesisOrganic mechanisms, nucleophiles, oxidation, curly arrows, electrophilesAnswer backGraham Curtis132John NewlandsPeriodic table, atomic mass, atomic numberScientists of substanceGordon Woods132Calculating pHDissociation, pH, acids and alkalis, logsRevision notePeter Battye132Seeing with seleniumRadical, thiol, radicals, redox reactions, superoxidesWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith132Resurrecting the pastAtomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), exogenous, hydrophobic, stable isotope, trace element, mass spectrometry, chromatography, archaeologyForensic chemistryStephen Buckley132British Antarctic SurveyOzone layer, climate change, greenhouse gasesChemistry on the webChris Ennis132The formula for speedEnthalpy of combustion, stoichiometric, oxidation, hydrocarbons, combustion, energyTony Hargreaves132Life under iceDensityBack pageAndrew Shaw132The right chemistryEditorialAnne Hodgson133Unravelling the secrets of palladiumGroup 10 elements, catalysis, ligands, electron configuration, covalent bonds, ionic bonds, complexesIan Fairlamb133Carboxylic acidsLe Chatelier’s principle, strong and weak acids, carboxylic acid formation, pH, dissociation, equilibria, equilibrium/dissociation constants, oxidation, aldehyde formation, reactions of carboxylic acids, esterificationRevision notePeter Battye133The heat is onHistory of heating substances in the chemistry labIn picturesAnne Hodgson133TitaniumLigand, opacity, refractive index, refractory, sequesters, oxidation, reduction, metal extraction, electronic structure, catalysis, polymerisationSubstancesChris Ennis133Synoptic papers and synoptic questionsOrganic synthesis, stereoisomerism, catalysis, polymersAnswer backAlastair Fleming133Electrochemically activated waterCorrosion, heavy metal, oxidising agents, pH, electrochemistryAndrew Scott133Behind the scenes at the National GalleryEsters, gas chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, art, fakes, oil paintings, Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-raysForensic chemistryCatherine Higgitt133Solution to a Sticky Problem: non-drip ice lolliesCellulose, electrolyte, gel, intermolecular, polysaccaride, synergistic, viscoelasticity, viscosity, carbohydrates, gels, polymersWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith133Harry MoseleyPeriodic table, atomic mass (weight), atomic number, X-ray crystallographyScientists of substanceGordon Woods133Molecules that grow on trees!Buds that look like moleculesBack pageAnne Hodgson133The Bunsen branches outEditorialAnne Hodgson134Smelly Chemistry: aromas, odours, stenches and miasmasFatty acids, pheromone, thiol, vapour pressure, chirality, enantiomers, Graham’s law of diffusionTony Hargreaves134Well here it is! How can I purify it?Recrystallisation, solubility, purificationLab pageMaurice Carmody134Molecules in a virtual worldCyclodextrins, twisted aromatics, porphyrins, painkillersIn picturesAdrian Whitwood134IronHysteresis, magnesian, malleable, rust, steel making, electromagnets, magnetic liquids, magnetismSubstancesChris Ennis134Fritz HaberKieselguhr, Haber process for ammonia production, nitrogen fixationScientists of substancesGordon Woods134Longer responsesEpoxyethane, polymerisation, hazardsAnswer backAndy Bethell134How to use curly arrowsCarbocation, curly arrows, radical, polar, non-polar, reaction mechanism, reaction intermediate, reaction mechanismsTop tipsGwen Pilling134Drugs on moneyMass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)Forensic chemistryBrenadan Keely134Life history of an atmospheric particleCrustal elements, rayleigh scattering, trophosphere, acid rain, atmospheric chemistry, catalysis, ozone layerJonathan Reid134Tougher than a speeding bulletPolymersWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith134Transition metals in organic chemistryCatalysis, transition metals, synthetic reactionsChemistry on the webIan Fairlamb134Three forms of elemental carbonAllotropes – diamond, graphite, buckminsterfullereneBack pageAdrian Whitwood134Fuelling the futureEditorialAnne Hodgson141Biomineralisation: from materials to molluscs!Bond length, crystallisation, enzyme catalysis, inorganic salts, precipitatesJason Lynam141Nitrogen oxidesOxidation and reduction, oxidation states, equilibria, atmospheric pollution, radicalsSubstancesChris Ennis141Electricity generationAtmospheric emissions, enthalpy of combustion, energy, efficiency, coal, oil, gas, nuclearFuelling the futureJohn Vernon141The Magnificent Seven: magic bullets of the twenty-first centuryMagic bulletsIn picturesAndy Parsons141Science, not art: ten scientists’ diariesDiary of a physical chemistWorth readingCaroline Dessent141Light: the fuel of lifePhotosynthesis, electron transfer, energy, ATP, redoxChemistry on the webJames Hobson141Medicines: molecules for healingDrug design, equilibrium, kineticsMedicinesTony Hargreaves141Halons and the demise of the ozoneHomolytic fission, radicals, chain reactions, halogenoalkanes, nucleophilic substitution, rates of reaction, enthalpy changesAnswer backTony Lewis141Chemical dingbatsMaking and doing141Joseph PriestleyGases, properties of oxygenScientists of substanceGordon Woods141Measuring the rate of a chemical reactiongas evolution, colorimetry, clock reactions, sampling methodsTop tipsAlasdair Thorpe141Distillation Purifying liquids, fractional distillation, vacuum distillation, bumping, simple distillation, steam distillationLab pageMaurice Carmody141…like a diamond in the skyA diamond at the core of a dwarf starBack pageAnne Hodgson141Teaching your grandmotherEditorialAnne Hodgson142Ageing gracefully: preserving images of the pastRadicals, polymerisation, GC-MS, paint, pigmentsCatherine Higgitt142Not all indicators are equalIndicators, neutralisation, weak acids, pH, equilibriaLab pageChris Otter142Sir William RamsayNoble gasses, periodicity, radioactive decay, spectroscopyScientists of substanceGordon Woods142Science in artPaintings of scientists and experimentsIn picturesAnne Hodgson142Tales of the unexpectedElectrophilic substitution, conjugation, nitration of benzene, absorption spectra, hydrogenation of alkenes, infrared spectroscopyAnswer backPhilip Barratt142OzoneBond length, oxidation, electromagnetic radiation, molecular shape, thermodynamics, atmospheric chemistrySubstancesChris Ennis142Electricity, the next generationRenewable fuel sources, fuel cells, environmental impact, shift reaction, waste, biomass, hydro, solar, wind, waves, tides, hydrogenFuelling the futureJohn Vernon142Establishing a rate equationOrder of reaction, rate equations, rate constant, concentration-time graphs, rate-concentration graphsRevision noteAlasdair Thorpe142Chemistry by numbersPrecision, accuracy, units, orders of magnitude, orbitalsChemistry on the webNick Wood142Microwaves and their application to chemical synthesisEnergy, electromagnetic radiation, microwaves, polar molecules, reaction kineticsRichard Douthwaite142The future’s bright, the future’s…tritiumRadioactivity, isotopes, phosphorescenceWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith142Geothermal energyHeat from the Earth’s coreBack pageJohn Vernon142Chemistry past, present and futureEditorialAnne Hodgson143Ink: from quill to inkjetOxidation, polymers, environmental impactTony Hargreaves143Acids, bases, pH and bufferspH, acids and bases, buffers, indicatorsAnswer backGraham Curtis143Driving towards a cleaner futureFuels, greenhouse gases, combustion, fuel cellsFuelling the futureCatherine Macve143CarbohydratesStereochemistry, hemiacetals, chirality, diastereoisomers, aldehydes, nucleophilic addition reactions, polysaccarides, polymers, sugars, alcoholsSubstancesChris Ennis143Chemistry washes whiter than whitePolymers, hydrolysis, ion exchange, surfactants, zeolites, fluorescenceTony Hargreaves143Magnetic resonance imagingNMR MRIIn picturesJohn Lowe143Luminol: shedding the light on ‘hidden’ evidenceChemiluminescence, oxidationWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith143Forensic scientistForensic scienceAll in a day’s workRachel Barnham143A greener industryGreen chemistry, atom economy, catalysis, renewable resources, biomass, chemical manufacture, recyclingChemistry on the webLouise Summerton143Thin layer chromatographyChromatography, purity Rf valuesLab pageMaurice Carmody143Brightening the futureChemical physics, lasers, protein folding, amino acidsBack pageNicola Tonge143Sunlit chemistryEditorialAnne Hodgson144Colourful nanoparticlesNanotechnology, balancing equations, catalysis, oxidation states, properties of metalsVictor Chechik144Any old ion?Hydrated ions, charge density, pHAnswer backMaurice Carmody144AntifreezeDepression of freezing point, proteinsIn picturesLorna Dougan144Melting points and boiling pointsDetermination of melting point, boiling point and purityLab pageMaurice Carmody144Potty power: microbial fuel cellsRedox reactions, fuel cells, renewable resourcesWonders of chemistryStephanie Smith144More chemical dingbatsMaking and doing144Born-Haber cyclesEnthalpy cycles, lattice enthalpies, enthalpy of formation, ionisation, born-haber cycles, electron affinity, Hess’s LawTop tipsChris Otter144Go with the flowElectrostatic attraction, catalysis, nitration of benzeneAndy Extance144Uncle TungstenPeriodicityWorth readingOliver Sacks, Jason Lynam144Global impact of fuelsGreenhouse gases, ozone, climate change, ozone, oxides of nitrogen, radicals, atmospheric chemistry, carbon dioxide CO2Fuelling the futureAlastair Lewis144Sir Humphry DavyAlkali metals, electrolysis, group 2 metals, chlorine, Davy lampsScientists of substanceGordon Woods144Swimming in a nano SeaNanoparticlesBack pageAdrian Whitwood144Chemistry in the freezerEditorialAnne Hodgson151Frozen in timeAtmospheric chemistry, mass spectrometry, chromatography, isotopes, infrared spectroscopy. Ice cores. ICP-MS.Eric Wolff151Equilibrium, enthalpy, entropy … and extrasAtmospheric pollution, partial pressures, periodic trends, reaction rates, pH, equilibria, entropy, oxidation states, strong/weak acidsAnswer backMaurice Carmody151What’s in a word?units, atomic mass, formula mass, homolytic and heterolytic fission, group, period, polarity, dipoles, molecular shapeTop tipsChris Otter151Performance fuel for peopleConservation of energy, carbohydrate energy stores, concentration of solutions, diffusion and osmosis, first law of thermodynamicsSporting chemistryAndy Extance151Linus Pauling: controversial chemistElectronegativity, protein structure, X-ray crystallography, bondingScientists of substanceGordon Woods151Cool chemistry: the search for the weakest chemical bondIonic and covalent bonding, diffraction, effects of temperature, bond energy, van der Waals interactions, first law of thermodynamicsMartin Cockett151Chemical role modelsMendeleev, DaltonChemistry on the webJames Hobson151Summary of reactions for aliphatic organic compoundsOrganic reactionsRevision noteAlasdair Thorpe151Carboxylic acidsCarboxylic acids, acidity, hydrolysis, diet and health, cis-trans isomerisation, fatty acids, saponification, esters, lubricationSubstancesChris Ennis151Inkvestigationmaking iron gall inkMaking and doingSarah Beard151The world’s smallest test tubecarbon nanotubesBack pageAnne Hodgson151Chemical record breakersEditorialAnne Hodgson152Bioprospecting: an extracting scienceDistillation, enzymes, medicinal chemistry, chromatography, natural productsAndy Extance152Photochemical smogHydrocarbons, ismomerism, enthalpy change of combustion, catalytic convertersAnswer backTony Lewis152Chemistry has the right fibre for sporting gloryHydrogen bonding, polymers, structure-related propertiesSporting chemistry Geoff Parsons152The science of surfingwebsites relating to the science behind sportsChemistry on the web Carl Palmer152Summary of reactions for benzene/aromatic compoundsRevision note Alasdair Thorpe152Chemical crosswordMaking and doing: Sarah beard & Anne Hodgson152Chemistry of death and decayATP, amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acidsTony Hargreaves152Thomas Midgley: From problems with petrol to CFCsDestruction of ozone layer, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), leaded fuels, tetraethyllead, halogenoalkanes (haloalkanes), greenhouse effect, radicals, refrigerationScientists of substance Gordon Woods152Probably the most important reactions in the worldAldol reaction, Friedel-Crafts acylation, radical polymerisation, Claisen condensation, esterificationIn picturesAndrew Parsons152Hydrogen: alkali metal or halogen?Periodicity, ionisation energy, radicals, electronic structure, oxidation state/oxidation numberSubstancesPeter Stanley152Watch your language!Endothermic and exothermic reactions, isomerism, covalent molecular structures, covalent giant structures, polymerisation, naming ions and elements, absorption adsorptionTop tipsChris Otter152Showcase Science 2005EncounterLittle DragonExothermic reactionsBack pageAnne Hodgson152Exploring with chemistryEditorialAnne Hodgson153Alumentary, my dear WatsonDyeing, crystallisation, oxidation, location of chemical industryAdam Hart-Davis153Gilbert N. Lewis: his acids and basesLewis acids and bases, covalent bonding, electronic structure, dot-cross diagrams, Br?nsted-Lowry theory of acids and basesScientists of substanceGordon Woods153Designer magic spongesEvaporation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), painkillers, polymerSporting chemistryAndrew Parsons153Keep in ContactContact process, yield, equilibrium, uses of sulfuric acidAnswer backMaurice Carmody153Chemical sudokuMaking and doingAnne Hodgson153From creaking joints to saving a steamship…how rusty is your chemistry?Oxidation and reduction, electrochemical cells, reactivity of metalsRevision noteChris Otter153Spectroscopy, mechanisms and calculations onlineInfrared spectroscopy, curly arrows, organic mechanisms, molecular mass, nucleophilic substitution, electrophilic substitutionChemistry on the webAdam Bridgeman153LithiumAlkynes, electrochemical cells, adsorption of carbon dioxide, organometallic chemistry, formation of elements (nucleogenesis), reduction, deuteration, extending carbon chainsSubstancesChris Ennis153Electrode potentialsSetting up electrochemical cells, measuring cell emfs, identifying positive and negative electrodesLab pageAlasdair Thorpe153Detecting CO2 the hunt for greenhouse-gas emissionsinfrared (IR) spectroscopy, greenhouse gases, Beer-Lambert Law, atmospheric pollution, carbon dioxideTimothy Harrison, Dudley Shallcross & Stephen Henshaw153Camping with chemistrypolymers, insect repellents, alkanesIn picturesAnne Hodgson153Iron meteorites on MarsBack pageAndrew M Shaw153The philosopher’s stone and the elixir of lifeEditorialAnne Hodgson154Bread-and-butter issues: the chemistry of margarineCarboxylic fatty acids, emulsions, estersSimon Rees154Glenn T. Seaborg: creator of elementsPeriodic table, nuclear reactions, heavy elements, isotopesScientists of substanceGordon Woods154Elemental sudokuMaking and doingTim Joliff154Why do endothermic reactions happen?Enthalpy, entropy, laws of thermodynamics, Hess’s law, Gibbs free energyAnswer backGraham Curtis154A world of science just a click awayAtmospheric chemistry, gas chromatography, Beer-Lambert law, Ozone levelsChemistry on the webCarl Palmer154What’s in a bone?Polymers, hydrogels, composite materials, tissue engineeringZo? Schnepp154Tracking your degree applicationEncounterAndrew Parsons154Catching the cheats: detecting drugs in sportPolymerisation, biosensors, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, GC-MSSporting chemistryCarl Percival, Tim Harrison & Dudley Shallcross154Rocks that glow in the darkmineralsIn picturesMonica Price154Hess’s lawEnthalpy, enthalpy cycles, endothermic and exothermic reactionsTop tipsRachael Dumbill154I’m forever blowing colourful bubblesStructure of a bubble, dyes, surfactantsBack pageAnne Hodgson154NanotechnologyEditorialAnne Hodgson161Waste not, want not!Green chemistry, clean technology, extraction of chemicals, antioxidants, renewable resourcesLouise Summerton161Nanochemistry, delivering new medicines?Polymers, medicinal chemistry, lock-and-key hypothesis, gene therapyNanotechnologyDavid K Smith161Lise Meitner, radiochemist, physicist and co-discoverer of nuclear fissionα-decay, β-decay nuclear fission, radioactivityScientists of substanceGordon Woods161The nano-world wide webnanotechnologyChemistry on the webCarl Palmer161Fusion, powering the future?Nuclear fusion, materials chemistry, nuclear fissionChris Warrick161Stimulating chemistrymenthol, vanillin, caffeine, limonene, pineneIn picturesAdrian Whitwood161Guidelines for drawing organic structuresTop tipsAndrew Parsons161Bonding, sticking atoms togetherIonic bonding, covalent bonding, dative covalent or coordinate bonds, metallic bondingRevision noteAdapted from Student Unit Guides published by Philip Allan Updates161Poetic chemistryMaking and doingAnne Hodgson161Driven by enthalpyHydrocarbons, fuels, enthalpy change of combustionAnswer backMaurice Carmody161How to be a lab success, using QuickFit apparatusclamps and bosses, attaching rubber tubing, using a separating funnelLab pageZahoor Ul-Haq161DNA origamiNanotechnologyBack pageAnne Hodgson161From quackery to medical scienceEditorialAnne Hodgson162Chemistry that gets right up your noseDistillation, functional groups extraction of natural products, chirality, intermolecular interactions, fragrance, perfumeTim Harrison162Ida Tacke-Noddack, co-discoverer of rhenium and nuclear fissionPeriodic table, nuclear fission, spectroscopyScientists of substanceGordon Woods162Copper on tap?Copper chemistry, minerals, metal extractionIn picturesMonica Price162Practical internetwebsites showing practical chemistryChemistry on the webCarl Palmer162Ironing out the problemTransition metals, complex ions, catalysis, redox reactions, electrode potential, electron configurationAnswer backMaurice Carmody162Cement, from cowpats and mud to Le ChatelierAcid-base reactions, acidic and basic oxides, exothermic reactions, greenhouse gases, tests for metal and non-metal ionsTony Hargreaves162Shapes in inorganic chemistryBond angles, chirality, isomerism, coordination numberTop tipsJason Lynam162Interpreting infrared spectraElectromagnetic spectrum, molecular vibrations, glossary of functional groupsRevision noteAlisdair Thorpe162Nanotechnologists inspired by nature: building new model enzymesEnzymes, coordination compounds, spectroscopy infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray crystallograhy, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)NanotechnologyKathryn Harkup162A trip to the apothecary’spharmacy jarsBack pageAnne Hodgson162Dr Jekyll and Dr WhoEditorialAnne Hodgson163How green is my company?Environmental chemistry, Titrations, Redox reactions, Atomic absorption spectroscopy, Mass spectrometry, Green chemistry, inductively coupled plasma (ICP) in environmental analysis, atomic emission spectroscopy (AES).Andy Extance163Classifying Organic ReactionsAddition reactions, Substitution reactions, Electrophilic reactions, Elimination reactions, Nucleophilic reactionsRevision noteAlasdair Thorpe163Extreme internetChemistry on the webCarl Palmer163How quickly does bleach deteriorate?Oxidation, Thermochemical titration, TitrationsProject pageDerek Denby163Supercritical Carbon DioxideSublimation, Green chemistry, Decaffeination, nucleophilic addition, Phase diagrams, Industrial processes, HydrogenationSubstancesCatherine Smith163Rosalind Franklin: physical chemist, X-ray crystallographer and DNA pioneerX-ray crystallography, Diffraction, Structure of DNAScientists of substanceGordon Woods163A synoptic organic questionReaction mechanisms, Nucleophilic addition reactions, Electrophilic addition reactions, Optical isomers, Elimination reactions, Geometrical isomerismAnswer backGraham Curtis163Fruity electricity: Gr?tzel solar cellsGr?tzel solar cells, light energyEncounterRoger J. Mortimer, David R. Worrall and Dimple Patel163Water and LifeHydrogen bonding, protein structure, EntropySeishi Shimizu163Liquid Crystals: The fourth state of matterLiquid crystals, Polarised light, States of matter, ChiralityNanotechnologyAvtar Matharu and Paul Watson163Sniffer beespheromones, detecting drugs and explosivesBack pageAnne Hodgson163The distaff side of chemistryEditorialAnne Hodgson164The forgotten elements: the lanthanide seriesheavy elements, periodic table, electron configurations, alkylation reactions, actinides, oxidation states, catalysis, chelating ligands, ion exchange chromatography, noble metals, rare earths, orbitals, paramagnetism, stoichiometry Nigel Lowe164Extremophiles in New YorkCatalysis, enzymes, osmosis, sugars, metabolismEncounterLorna Dougan164Marguerite Perey: discoverer of franciumPeriodic table, alkali metals, radioactivityScientists of substanceGordon Woods164How to be a lab success: titrations, crystals, separating and mixingUsing a burette, separating fractionsLab pageZahoor Ul-Haq164Drawing lab diagramsDrawing apparatusTop tipsChris Otter164When superconductors get crabbyStructure of metals, magnetism, crystal structure, superconductors, ceramicsNanotechnologyZo? Schnepp164Bright sites: in search of the most useful chemistry websitesunits, periodic table, general chemistry sitesChemistry on the webCarl Palmer164Silicones and Silanespolymers, adhesion, Group 14 chemistry, nucleophilic displacement, catalysis, electronegativity, silica, Grignard reagentSubstancesAndy Extance164Extracting chemistry with a metalmetal extractionAnswer backDavid Billett164Kill or cure? Carbon monoxide as a therapeutic agentProtein structure, enzymes, combustion, drug development, metabolism, NADPHIan Fairlamb & Jason Lynam164Raindrops on Titanphotochemistry, atmospheric chemsitryBack pageAndrew Shaw164Together we can save the worldEditorialAnne Hodgson171From gaslight to nuclear power: chemistry of the actinidesf-block chemistry, Radioactive decay, Nuclear fission, Gamma radiation, Alpha radiation, Beta decayNigel Lowe171Representing chemical reactionsCurly arrows, Transition states, Haber process, Reaction intermediates, Organic reactionsTop tipsAndrew Parsons171Elementary crosswordMaking and doingGraham Quartly171Natural climate variabilityKetones, Lipids, Gas chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, Isotopes, Climate changeChemistry and climateBrendan Keely171Modelling the atomAtomic structure, Alpha decayHow chemistry worksChris Otter171Polyesters: plastics of the futurePolymers, Nucleophiles, Metal complexes, Sustainability, Stereochemistry, Catalysis, Chirality, Gel-permeation chromatographyRuth Howard171Two pyrones and beyond…Esters, Natural products, Medicinal chemistryEncounterGerard McGlacken171A weighty problem?Organic groups, Chirality, Analytical techniques, Paper chromatography, NMR, Infrared spectroscopy (IR)Answer backMaurice Carmody171Organic growth from Deutsche ChemikerClassification of compounds, Functional group, Periodic table, SpectroscopyScientists of substanceGordon Woods171Molecule of the monthFree Energy, Redox chemistry, ChiralityChemistry on the webCarl Palmer171Dragon’s breathFlame tests for metal ionsBack pageAnne Hodgson171All in the genes?EditorialAnne Hodgson172Chips in everythingChemical bonding, Electron energy levels, Semiconductors, Metallic structure, Industrial inorganic chemistryAndy Extance172Seeing the Nanoworld: atomic structures and reaction dynamicsElectron microscopy, Nanomaterials, NanoparticlesIn picturesProfessor Pratibha L. Gai172The great communicatorClimate change, Carbon-neutral, Renewable energy, Global warming, Greenhouse effect, Solar power, CO2 emissionsChemistry on the webCarl Palmer172Trace elements (puzzle)Making and doing172The perfect solution: taking catalyst recycling to a new levelCatalysis, Complexes, PhasesFocus on industryHarriet Naylor172Better Looking, Better Living, Better Loving: how chemistry can help you achieve life’s goalsNail varnish, Spices, Capsaicin, ChilliesWorth readingAnne Hodgson172Big smile! Toothpaste chemistryCalcium chemistry, Toothpaste formulation, pH, Industrial applicationsLinda Sellou & Tim Harrison172The Antarctic ozone holeRadical reactions, Climate change, Ozone destructionChemistry and climateAnna Jones172Genning up on nitrogenNucleophile, Amines, Organic mechanisms, Bases, Electrophilic substitution, Amino acids, PeptidesAnswer backGraham Curtis172More organic growth from Deutsche Chemiker: Liebig and W?hlerAlkyl/aryl radicals, Isomerism, Functional groups, Metal halidesScientists of substanceGordon Woods172Fireflies: a postcard from Sri LankaChemiluminescenceBack pageChris Ennis172Chemistry, friend or foe?EditorialAnne Hodgson173Green hydrogen from black diamondsClimate change, Acid rain, Fuels, Combustion, Haber processStuart Walker173Oxytocin: the molecule of love?Amino acids, Condensation reaction, Neurotransmitter, Peptides, Proteins, Receptor, ResonanceSubstancesAndrew Parsons173The noble gases: not so unreactive after allPeriodic table, Radioactive decay, Electron configuration, reduction/oxidation (redox) reactionsHow chemistry worksJason Lynam173Radioactive SudokuMaking and doing173Internet datingRadiocarbon dating, Climate change, Solid-state chemistry, Isotopes, MineralsChemistry on the webCarl Palmer173The benefits of bracing sea airGlobal warming, Atmospheric chemistry, Greenhouse gases, Halogen chemistry, Ozone destruction, radicalsChemistry and climateLucy Carpenter173Let chemists do the washing-upSurfactants, Green chemistry, CarbohydratesJohn Emsley173Seeds of structural organic chemistry: August KekuléValency, Bonding, Molecular structureScientists of substanceGordon Woods173Identifying an unknown organic compoundAlkenes, Aldehydes, Ketones, Halogenoalkanes, Alcohols, Carboxylic acidsLab pageAlasdair Thorpe173Changing gear to ASIntermolecular forces, Bonding, Isomers, Rates of reaction, Catalysts, Radicals, EquilibriumAnswer backDavid Billett173Trends in ionisation energyPeriodicity, Hund’s rule, Electronic configurationRevision noteRachael Dumbill173…and then the heav’n espyStained glass, Coloured glassBack pageAnne Hodgson173Hold the front page!EditorialAnne Hodgson174Life in a different solvent: astrobiology on TitanMicelles, Origins of life, Hydrocarbons, Liposomes, MembranesAndrew Shaw174Getting plasteredGypsum, Hydrated calcium sulfate, Plaster of ParisIn picturesMonica Price174The chemistry of indoor airReactions of ozone, Sick building syndrome, Terpenes, Radical chemistry, Indoor air qualityChemistry and climateNicola Carslaw174Chemistry in car enginesCombustion, Alkanes, Atmospheric chemistry, Oxides of nitrogen, Hydrocarbon fuelsChemistry on the webJulian Wilkinson174Glorious glycerolPercentage yields, Esterification, Oils, Carboxylic acids, Hydrogen bonding, Classifying reactionsAnswer backMaurice Carmody174Can biomass save the planet?Renewable resources, Clean technology, Biomass, PolymersFabian Deswarte174How the periodic table was bornPeriodicity, Horizontal periods, Vertical groups, Chemical trendsHow chemistry worksSue Parsons174Adolf von Baeyer and Victor MeyerEmpirical, molecular and structural formulae, Stereochemistry, Ideal gas law, IsomerismScientists of substanceGordon Woods174Platinum: not just for jewelleryCatalysis, Fuel cells, catalytic converterSubstancesPhilip Hughes174Wonderful woad and incredible indigoNatural dyesBack pageAnne Hodgson174From pills to plastersEditorialAnne Hodgson181Alien amino acidsChirality, Polarised radiation, Amino acids, Electromagnetic radiationChristina Line181The fight against bacteria: every cloud has a silver liningColloidal silver, Antimicrobial agents, MRSA, Antibiotics, Nanoparticles, Water purification, Wound dressings SubstancesJoanna Buckley181Getting into shape with isomersPosition isomers, Naming ketones, Stereoisomerism, AlkeneAnswer backMaurice Carmody181Drawing reaction mechanismsAcids and bases, Nucleophile, Curly arrows, Polarity, ElectrophileTop tipsAndrew Parsons181Precious MedicinesOxidation states, Stereochemistry (cis-trans isomerism), Metal complexesMedicinal chemistryHolly Douglas181Avogadro: count and counting chemistMole, Avogadro’s law, Avogadro constant, Law of combining volumes, Avogadro number, Ideal gas lawScientists of substanceGordon Woods181iExperimentiPod, MP3 players, Chemistry podcasts, Periodic table, AlgorithmsChemistry on the webCarl Palmer181Chemistry of slimmingEnergy, Carbohydrates, Fats, ProteinsTony Hargreaves181The disguises of carbonAllotropes, Fullerenes, BondingIn picturesLaura Stanhope181The case of the missing scientist: part 1NMRChemysteryMary Wood181Chemistry detectivesInfrared spectroscopy, Pigments, Analysing paintings, Art conservation Back pageMary Wood181Dishing the dirtEditorialAnne Hodgson182The beginnings of a discoverySurfactants, Liquid crystals, Porous materials, Micelles, Materials chemistryPhilip Hughes and Richard Ward182Communicating chemistrySmelting and analysing ores, Oxidation states, Radicals, Classifying reactions, Half-equations, Acid-base reactions, d-block elements, Balancing equations, Hydrolysis, Electrolysis, Redox reactionsAnswer backDavid Billett182Acids and bases: a whistle-stop tourLog scales, Acid dissociation constants Ka, pH, Equilibrium constants Kc, Strong and weak acidsRevision noteRachael Dumbill182Don’t hold your breath: the diagnostic potential of breath analysisMass spectrometry, ProtonationMedicinal chemistryMargaret O’Hara and Christopher Mayhew182Drawing radical reaction mechanismsAbstraction, Bond enthalpy, Initiation, Propagation, Single-headed curly arrows, Termination, addition, Chain reaction, Initiator, Radical, SubstitutionTop tipsAndrew Parsons182A magic mushroomCatalysis, Oxidation, Transition metals, Metal complexesEmma Dux182Call to A-level students: preparations begin for Showcase Science 2009Sixth form conferenceEncounterMo Afzal182John Dalton: Quaker scientist and law makerAtomic theory, Atomic mass, Gas lawsScientists of substanceGordon Woods182The case of the missing scientist: part 2Infrared spectroscopy (IR)ChemysteryMary Wood182Why do onions make you cry?Sulfur compounds, Allinase enzymeBack pageMary Wood182Duck! Chemistry at workEditorialAnne Hodgson183Modelling the cell: investigating new medicines Polymers, Medicinal chemistry, Langmuir films, PhospholipidsJoshua Howgego183Watch your languageGiant covalent/macromolecular structures, Crystal structure, Ionic structures, Metals, Salts, Group VII (Group 17) elements (halogens), Trends, ReactivityAnswer backGraham Curtis183Acids and bases: developing ideas furtherpH, pH curves, Buffers, Indicators, Dissociation constants, Equilibrium constantsRevision noteRachael Dumbill183Eurekas and Euphorias: the Oxford Book of Scientific AnecdotesKekulé, Benzene, Saccharin, Cyclamate sweeteners, Nitrocellulose (gun cotton)Worth readingEmma Dux183Deadly beautyAlkaloids, Drug developmentSubstancesTrevor Critchley183Curing cancer with chemistryEnzymes, Cellular chemistry, CisplatinMedicinal chemistryEmma Welsh183Life in extreme environmentsGas chromatography, Proteins, DNAPreeti Kaur, Tim Harrison183Van der Waals: famous for recognising feeble forcesIdeal gas law, Intermolecular forcesScientists of substanceGordon Woods183The case of the missing scientist: part 3Mass spectrometryChemysteryMary Wood183What is everything made from?Particulate nature of matter, Brownian motion, Atoms, DiffusionHow chemistry worksSue Parsons183Dinosaur mummyFossils, Siderite (iron (II) carbonate), DNA, Peptides, Amino acids, Oxidation state, Analytical techniquesBack pageAnne Hodgson183Chemistry can raise a smileEditorialAnne Hodgson184Ricin and the rolled umbrellaCarboxylic acids, Polypeptides, Condensation reaction, ProteinsJohn Emsley184Hydrogen bonds: holding the world togetherIntermolecular forces, Structure and properties of water, DNA, Protein structureIn picturesWilliam Attwood184Hydrogen bonds: experiments to try at homeDensity, Hydrogen bonding, Specific heat capacity, Enthalpy change of vaporisation, Periodic trends, Surface tensionMaking and doingLorelly Wilson184Sulfuric acidEnthalpy, Equilibria, Collision theory, Hess’s Law, CatalysisAnswer backMaurice Carmody184Biomedical researcher:Anthony MacdonaldDrug discovery, Organic synthesis, Pharmaceutical chemistryAll in a day’s workAnne Hodgson184ThermochemistryCombustion, Fire triangle, Enthalpy changes, PolymersTony Hargreaves184Salbutamol: saving your breathDrug discovery, Organic synthesis, Molecular structureMedicinal chemistryIsaac Bruce184Max Perutz and the secret of lifeStructure of haemoglobin, Molecular biologyWorth readingRobin Perutz184The case of the missing scientist: part 4ICP-AES (Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy)ChemysteryMary Wood184Michael FaradayAnion, Anode, Capacitance, Cathode, Cation, Electrode, Electrolysis, Electrolyte, Ion, Liquefaction of chlorine, BenzeneScientists of substanceGordon Woods184Periodic TableAtomic number, Mass number, Relative atomic mass, IsotopesBack pageAnne Hodgson184New websiteEditorialAnne Hodgson191ChemiluminescenceAtomic energy levels, bonding, catalysis, curly arrows, exothermic reactions, forensic analysis, rates of reaction, redox reactionsEmma Welsh191Boyle’s and Charles’ laws: A load of hot air?Gas laws, ideal gasHow chemistry worksMary Wood191Finding a fixEquilibria, Haber process, Le Chatelier’s principle, nitrogen fixation, oxidation, reductionSubstancesEmma Dux191The Martian PolesCarbon dioxide, atmospheric chemistry, spectroscopy, solids, gases, hydrogen bonds, water molecules, ice crystals, hexagonal structuresIn picturesAndrew Shaw191Natural products: Chemistry and medicinal drugsHow science works, natural products, solvent extraction, synthesisZeinab Mosadeghzad & Tim Harrison191The polymer predicament-Making plastics from plantsChirality, climate change, sustainability, esters, polymersDesign for the futureLouise Dommett191Vitamin CAcidity, colour chemistry, dot and cross diagrams, radicals, calculations involving weak acids, delocalisation of electrons, molecular formulae, redox reactionsAnswer backMaurice Carmody191Face the truthFree radicals, UV, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radicals, antioxidantsBack pageAlan Reay191CoperniciumHeavy elements, fusion, periodic tableEditorialAnne Hodgson192Hydrogen in the Earth’s atmosphereCombustion, Isotopes, ReductionDudley Shallcross & Tim Harrison192Atom economyAddition reactions, elimination reactions, percentage yield, substitution reactions, condensation reactions, green chemistry, polymerisationTop tipsChris Ennis192GrapheneCarbon and its forms (allotropes), van der Waals forces, electrical conductionSubstancesAndy Extance192Chemistry3Empirical, molecular and structured formulaeWorth readingAndrew Parsons192Wonder in carbon land: build your own bucky ballsAllotropes, bucky ball, fullereneMaking and doingAnnie Hodgson192Lichen, drugs and butterflies: Tales of discovery from Sri Lanka Drug discovery, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray crystallographyVeranja Karunaratne, Udeni Jayalal, Susanthi Jayasinghe, Siril Wijesundara192Peer Review-Avoiding media scare storiesHow peer review worksHow chemistry worksEmma Welsh192BiocatalysisAmino acids, catalysis, chirality, enzymes, proteins, synthetic chemistry, green chemistry, chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, enantioselectivityDesign for the futureGideon Grogan192Atoms to patternsX-ray crystallographyIn PicturesMary Wood192Viral DNA packagingGenetic, protein, virus, bacteriophageBack ageFred Antson192TwitterRevisionEditorialAnne Hodgson193Fighting FluCarbohydrates, organic chemistry, DNA and RNA, proteins, TamifluAndy Extance193Chemistry and fireworksElectrolysis and electrode equations, giant ionic lattices, ionic precipitation, rates of reaction, redox reactions and oxidation states, writing and balancing equationsAnswer backMaurice Carmody193Naming estersCondensation reaction, esterification, polyesters, Top tipsAndrew Utting193Rainforest chemistry: investigating the atmosphereAtmospheric chemistry, volatile organic compoundsEncounterCharlotte Jones193Chemistry in the atmosphereAnalytical chemistry, atmospheric chemistry, gas chromatography, halocarbons, mass spectrometry, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compoundsIn picturesCharlotte Jones193Science of sunscreenElectromagnetic (EM) radiation, electron energy levels, oxides, ozoneRachel Baines and Rob Sayer193Lab on a chipEnvironmental monitoring, gas chromatography, lab-on-a-chip technology, Peltier effect, volatile organic compoundsDesign for the futureChris Rhodes193Planning your own experimentAccuracy, experimental design, precision, enthalpy, mole calculations, taking measurementsLab pageAlasdair Thorpe193PhenolCatalysis, industrial production, polymersFocus on industryAllan Clements et al (CIEC)193QuinineMalaria, Perkin’s mauve, synthetic dyes, fluorescenceBack pageEmma Dux193Cleaning up explosives from the environmentExplosives, RDX, bacteria, enzymesEditorial Anne Hodgson194Silicon and siliconesMaterials, polymers, silicon compoundsBen Cheesman and Tim Harrison194LEDs: Light fantasticMOCVD, ionic bond, organometallic, dopant, precursor, doping, electronic shell filling, gallium semiconductor, bonding band gapDesign for the futureAndy Extance194Rates and catalysisCalculations, rates of reaction, rate equationsAnswer backGraham Curtis194Tracking your degree applicationUCAS, chemistry coursesTop tipsAndrew Parsons & Katrina Sayer194A Trojan horse in the fight against bacteriaAntibiotics, complexes, coordinate (semipolar or dative) bonds, DNA, drug design, proteins, siderophoresCatherine Rushworth194VanadiumAlloys, oxidation states, transition metals (d-block elements)SubstancesAlan Reay194Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin: Great discoveries in X-ray crystallographyInsulin, x-ray crystallography, penicillin, X-ray diffraction, vitamin B12Scientists of substanceRobin Perutz and Richard Lindup194From nuclear power to green energyGreen chemistry, British nuclear fuels, UKERC, RSCAll in a day’s workAnne HodgsonJeff Hardy194PET imaging of tumoursPositron emission, tomography, radiotracer, cancer, tumourBack pageEmma Dux194The Cape Verde atmospheric observatoryHalogenated organic compounds, nitrogen oxides pollutants of nitrogen, ozone, photolysis, volatile organic compoundsJames Lee201Fun with phenylethenePolymerisation, testing for alkenes, reaction mechanisms & intermediates, electrophiles, secondary alcohols, interpretation of infrared spectra, drawing chemical structuresAnswer backMaurice Carmody201Time of flight mass spectrometryIonisation, MALDI, mass to charge ratio (m/z)Jane Thomas-Oates, Ed Bergstr?m, Kriangsak Songsrirote, Salina Abdul Rahman201NumbercrossCalculationsMaking and doing201From volcanoes to sea salt: Atmospheric sulfurOxidation states, sulfur compounds, atmospheric chemistry Out of thin airTim Harrison and Dudley Shallcross201Oxides of carbonCoordinate (dative) bond, covalent bond, dipole, electronegativity, photosynthesis, dot-cross diagrams, bond polarity, greenhouse effect, electron configurationRevision noteRachael Dumbill201Carothers: Inventor of nylonAddition polymer, aliphatic, aromatic, condensation reaction, equilibrium, molecular mass, monomer, peptide, peptide bond, polyamide, polymer, polyestersScientists of substanceGill Wroe201PolyamidesAliphatic, DNA, isomerisation, oxime, secondary alcohol, zeolite, polymers, nylonFocus on industryAllan Clements et al (CIEC)201Professor Dave: YouTube ChemistRevision, tutorials, videosChemistry on the webJames Cooper201The PET that got awayPolymer, macromolecules, polyester, carboxylic acid diol, condensation reaction, poly (ethylene terephthalate), isomerBack pageGill Wroe201Falling in loveAminoethanes, catecholamines, enzymes, hormone, natural stimulant, neurotransmitter, Parkinson’s disease, peptide, tyrosine, chirality, R/S nomenclature, isomerism, oxytocin, phenylethylamine dopamine, adrenaline, L-DOPAJoanna Buckley202Atmospheric nitrogenDry deposition, stratosphere, three-way catalyst, troposphere, wet deposition, nitrogen compounds, atmospheric chemistry NOx, oxides of nitrogen, ozoneOut of thin airTim Harrison and Dudley Shallcross202Using nature to preserve fish oilAntioxidant, confocal microcopy, electron microscope, enzymes, EPA, ester, hydrolysis, lipophilic, microencapsulation, rancidity, carboxylic acid, oxidation, free radicals, pollen, fats and oilsStephen Beckett & Grahame Mackenzie202Heating under refluxQuick fit apparatusLab pageMaria Turkenburg & Isaac Bruce202Magnetic MarvelNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), body scanning, spin states, protonsIn picturesRoss Jaggers202Kwolek: Creator of KevlarCondensation reactions, polymerisation, hydrogen bonding, functional groups, polyamide, aramid cis-trans-isomerismScientists of substancesGill Wroe202Kevlar and compositesPolymers, hydrogen bonds, fibre reinforced polymer composites, carbon fibres, thermoplastic, thermosetting, aramid, resins, glass fibre, injection moulding, vacuum farmingFocus on industryGill Wroe and CIEC team202CalculationsMole concept, rates of reactions, equations, volumetric analysis, enthalpy changes, pH, bond enthalpy, weak acids, radiation energy, solubility product, Born-Haber cyclesAnswer backDavid Billett202Science beats food fraudForensic techniques, istopic ratio, isotypesBack pageMichael Morgan-Williams202Self-healing polymersPolymers, composite materials, alkene, diene, monomer, equilibrium resin, polymer matrix, Diels-Alder reaction, thermoset polymerElliot Fleet203Calcium carbonatePolymorphic material, minerals, equilibrium, solubility, Le Chatelier’s principle, metamorphic rock, sedimentary rock, igneous rock, water hardness, travertine, tufa, carbonatites, limestone, chalk, dolomite, marbleSubstancesGill Wroe203Benerito: The chemist who banished ironingPolymer, hydrogen bonds, cellulose, cotton, triglycerides, amines, Lewis acid, mercerisationScientists of substanceGill Wroe203Poison in the air: atmospheric carbon monoxideFree radical, oxidative capacity, atmospheric chemistry, photochemistry, gas chromatography, atomic absorptionOut of thin airAoife Grant & Tim Harrison203Cutting-edge chemistryMetals, polymers, tollens, reagent, printed circuit boards, silver mirror, photoelectric effect, L-DOPA aldehydes, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), van der Waals forces, addition reactions, dative bonds, nucleophiles, dopamineEncounterMegan Bowdrey203Catalysis: getting chemistry goingActivation enthalpy (activation energy), homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, equilibrium, enzymes, green chemistry, Monsanto process, industrial processes, catalytic converters, supported catalystsJames Naughton203Transition metal riddlesTransition metalsMaking and doingAlan Reay203Feeling the heatCool packs, heat packs, cryotherapy, enthalpy changes, ionic solid, endothermic & exothermic processes, solvationBack pageRoss Jaggers203The chemistry of hangoversEthanol, neurotransmitters, hormones, electrolytes, enzymes, metabolism, ATP & ADP, pyruvate, oxidation & reduction, NADHPavel Guzanov204What comes out of your kettleIntermolecular forces, covalent bonding, physical and chemical changes, melting, boiling & sublimation, separation of oil fractions, periodicity, electronegativity, molecules and macromolecular structures, van der Waals forces, ionic compoundsAnswer backGraham Curtis204Bleaching and dyeing: Chemical change in hair fibresRedox reactions, polymers, melanin, hair dyes, nucleophilic & condensation reactions, hair structure, keratin, radicalsKazim Raza Naqvi204Do ants destroy the ozone layer?Halogenoalkanes, free radicals, catalysis, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, halocarbons, atmospheric chemistry, leaf cutter ants, photolabileOut of thin airTim Harrison, Anwar Khan & Dudley Shallcross204Water water everywhereMolecular structure/shape electronegativity, polarity, hydrogen bonding, density, viscosity, surface tension, buffer, photosynthesis, temperature regulationSubstancesNicola Davis204To err is scientificErrors, units, measurement, mass probability, confidence intervals, standardsHow science worksMary Wood204ChemSpiderEnantiomer, chirality, infrared spectroscopy, NMR, structure, synthetic chemistry, RSCChemistry on the webMary Wood204A Healthy, Wealthy, Sustainable World-John EmsleyOrganic farming, chemistry food and medicine, swimming pools, zolpidem, organochlorines, choleraWorth readingEmma Dux204Polymers, plastics and superglueAdhesive, monomer, activation, initiator, living polymerisation, terminationBack pageRoss Jaggers204Body oddities: the chemical reactions of eatingOnions, allinases, asparagus, sulfur compounds, spinach, potatoes, solanine, gas chromatography-mass spectrometryJoanna Buckley211Polymers and tulips: a year in industryStudent, year in industry, chemistry degree, polymers, Ziegler-Natta catalysisEncounterMary Wood211Cuppa chemistryTea, aromatic compounds, polyphenols, free radicals, caffeineWhat’s your poison?Emma Dux211Cracking concrete heals itselfConcrete, greenhouse gasWonders of chemistryGill Wroe211Lasers in chemistryLasers, absorption of light, global warmingStretch and challengeMike Ashfold, Andrew Orr-Ewing & Tim Harrison211It ain’t what you do (it’s the way you do it)Organic reaction mechanisms, reaction conditionsAnswer backGraham Curtis211Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)Calcium carbonate, limestone, lime, construction industry, cement, environment, pollution, agriculture, quicklime, hydrated limeFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team211The Elements – A Very Short IntroductionPhilip Ball, periodic table, goldWorth readingAnne Hodgson211Gecko glueAdhesion, van der Waals forces, electrostatic bonds, intermolecular interactionBack pageAlex Pashley211Good vibrations: infrared spectroscopyInfrared spectroscopy, analytical techniques, lightStretch and challengeJames Naughton212Marie Curie: probing the atomMarie Curie, radioactivity, radiationScientists of substanceMary Wood212Infrared spectrometersInfrared spectrometer, spectraLab pageJames Naughton212Structure and spectroscopyInfrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, structure, isomerismAnswer backDavid Billett212Nature’s Building Blocks (2nd edition)John EmsleyWorth readingAnne Hodgson212AAAS ConferenceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science conference, AAASEncounterSamuel Andrew212Iridium: life-saving transition elementIridium, transition metal, Smithson Tennant, phosphorescence, pH changesSubstancesDavid Lewis212Chemistry of wineWine, esters, polymerisation, grape juice, cis/trans isomerisation of alkenes, flavonolsWhat’s your poison?Emma Dux212Arsenic poisoningArsenic, toxicity, carcinogenMagdalena Wajrak212Chemistree: food dyesFood dyes, aromatic rings, conjugated systemsBack pageEmma Dux & Julia Walton212Would aliens need water?Free radicals, hydrothermal vents, hydrocarbons, methanogens, photosynthesis, TitanDaniel Went213Cocaine: atoms of addictionCocaine, tertiary amineSubstancesAmelia Dearman213Biochemistry, brewing and beery scientistsBeer, brewing, fermentation, saccharification, titrations, enzymes, thermodynamics, isomerism, biochemical processes, pasteurisation What’s your poison?Nigel Lowe213Solid foundations: part 1Atomic orbital arrangements, covalent bonding, covalent network structures, hydrogen bonding, molecular shapeRevision noteNicola Davis213Chemistry of the cosmosSpace, cosmos, interstellar medium, Saturn, Titan, Venus, asteroidsIn picturesAlex Pashley213Beads of time: analysing our pastGlass beads, archaeology, Iron Age, laser ablation, stratigraphic dating, quadrupole mass analyser, mass spectrometryMartina Bertini213Folic acidFolic acid, acidity, pH calculations, buffers, conjugate acids and bases, hydration of ions, intermolecular forces, skeletal formulae, optical isomerism, enthalpy cyclesAnswer backMaurice Carmody213BiotechnologyFermentation, biotechnology, citric acid, lactic acid, propane-1,3-diol, amino acids. L-glutamic acid, L-lysineFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team213Perilous poisonsPoison, ricin, Georgi Markov, Alexander Litvinenko, poloniumBack pageRoss Jaggers213Drugs in sport: how chemistry can beat the cheatsDrugs, sport, detection, anabolic steroids, testosterone, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography, GC-MS, erythropoietin, OlympicsJohn Emsley214Flame tests and emission spectraFlame test, emission and absorption spectra, atomic structure, spectroscopeLab pageKristie Pickersgill214Cisplatin: from accidental discovery to wonder drugCis-trans isomerism, ligands, oxidation states, DNA structure, cisplatinEmma Dux214Build your own spectroscopeSpectroscope, emission spectraMaking and doingKristie Pickersgill214A mug of coffee and chemistryCoffee, aromatic compounds, zwitterions, trionellineWhat’s your poison?Emma Dux214Solid foundations: part 2Ionic bonding, giant ion lattices, electron configuration, metallic bonding, metallic latticesRevision noteNicola Davis & Gill Wroe214Aerogel: ‘frozen smoke’Phase diagrams, supercritical fluids, super-insulatorsSubstancesMichael Nolan214Molecules with Silly or Unusual NamesPaul W. May, Olympiadane, performic acid, periodic acid, megaphone, moronic acid, curious and titanic chloride, windowpane, angelic acid, warfarinWorth readingAnne Hodgson214The smell of successRobotic smell. Electronic noseBack pageRoss Jaggers214In search of the perfect chocolate barChocolate, cocoa butter, triglycerides, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, flavour, phenylethylamineMary Wood221Controversial chlorineChlorine, halogens, oxidation number, formulae, half-equations, mole calculations, electron configurationsAnswer backMaurice Carmody221Applications in agriculture: fertilisersFertilisers, agriculture, nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, sulphurFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team221Decoding skeletal secretsIsotopic analysis, mass spectrometry, bones, collagen, Tutankhamun, ?tziIn picturesPhillip Chivers221Summing up fertilisersRelative atomic mass, relative formula massMaking and doingGill Wroe & Anne Hodgson221Chemistry’s calling: mobile phones and touchscreen technologyMobile phones, touchscreen technology lithium ion cells. LCDs, aluminosilicate glass screens, oleophobic coatingsLifestyle chemistryAlex Pashley & Nicholas Bissett221A different type of drugProteins, pharmaceutical chemistry, Andy Hamilton, patentsMartin Christlieb221The fascinating Fenton reactionHenry Fenton, waste-water treatment, oxidation reactions, reduction reactions, radicals, catalysis, transition metal oxidation statesScientists of substanceKazim Raza Naqvi221How hot is your chemistry?Capsaicin, chilli peppers, Scoville scaleBack pageAlyssia Kaczmarczyk221The sky’s no limit: polymers, planes and solar sailsPolymers, covalent bonds, polymerisation, thermosetting, aviation industry, composite materials, fibreglassAlex Pashley222Chemistry from a natural productOrganic reactions, mechanisms, formulae, structure, isomerism, nomenclature, polymerisation, hydrogen bonding, solubilityAnswer backDavid Billett222Breakthroughs in green chemistry: magnetic detergents and supercritical CO2Soap, magnetic detergents, supercritical CO2, solvent, dry-cleaningTim Harrison & Julian Eastoe222Tetrodotoxin: famously deadly poisonTetrodotoxin, pufferfish, fuguSubstancesEmma Dux222RecrystallisationRecrystallisation, Buchner filtrationLab pageEmma Dux222Applications in agriculture: fungicidesFungicides, agriculture, Strobilurins, carboxamides, downy mildewsFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team222Breverton’s Encyclopedia of InventionsTerry Breverton, inventionsWorth readingAnne Hodgson222Curried chemistryCurry, chillies, capsaicinoids, ginger, turmeric, garlic, onionLifestyle chemistryEmma Dux & David Smith222Molybdenite Valley?Semiconductors, molybdenite, siliconWonders of chemistrySergio Saris222Rat warsRodenticides, rats, anticoagulants, superwarfarins, brodifacoum, metal phosphides, calciferolsBack pageGill Wroe222Traditional Chinese medicine: what can we learn from it?TCM, medicine, aspirin, esterification, artemisinin, placebo effectMichael Nolan223Two in one: the chemistry of shampoo and conditionerHair, shampoo, conditioner, soap, surfactants, cations, anions, polymers, siliconesLifestyle chemistryEmma Dux223All things iceWater, ice, hydrogen bond, phase diagram, polymorphism, triple pointSubstancesAlex Pashley223Determining the yield of a reactionSynthetic reaction yieldLab pageEmma Dux223A bright future for MRIMRI spectroscopy, parahydrogen, hyperpolarisation, Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange, SABRE, purines, pyrimidines, dynamic nuclear polarisation, DNPLouise Highton223Tricky transition metalsElectron configurations, transition metals, complexes, ligands, Lewis acids and bases, catalysis, entropyAnswer backMary Hoyle223Applications in agriculture: herbicidesHerbicides, agriculture, bipyridyliums, auxins, glycines, sulfonylureas, triketones, inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylaseFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team223Making use of electrode potentialsElectrode potentials, reactivity series, redox reactions, oxidation number, oxidising agentsTop tipsAndrew Crookell223You can’t beat beetrootBeetroot, diet, nitrate, nitric oxideBack pageLaura Turkenburg223Buried with their bonesChromatography, lipids, triacylglycerols, biomarkers, grave goods, micromorphology, burial, pig burialKimberley Green224Applications in agriculture: insecticidesFunctional groups, pests, insecticides, agriculture, organophosphorous compounds, methyl carbamates, macrocyclic lactones, phenylpyrazoles, nereistoxin, neonicotinoids, diamides, pyrethroids, benzoylureas, ketoenolsFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team224Shades of chemistryUV radiation, radicals, electromagnetic spectrum, polymers, sunglasses, photochemical reaction, photoisomerismLifestyle chemistryAlex Pashley224Kevlar: miracle materialKevlar, polymers, hydrogen bondingIn picturesHeather Powell224Fragments: the future of pharmaceuticalsDrug design, pharmaceutical chemistry, fragments, X-ray crystallographySean McKenna224Tackling stretch and challenge questionsInterpretation of data, organic reactionsRevision noteMaurice Carmody224Patents: protecting your ideasPatents, drugs, blockbustersHow science worksTony McStea224SeXeY chemistryElements, periodic table, atomic number, electron configuration, allotropes, isotopes, selenium, xenon, yttriumEncounterGill Wroe224Celebrating the double helixDNA, James Watson, Francis Crick, hydrogen bonds, mutationsBack pageAnne Hodgson224Flying sources bring transition metalsTransition metals, periodic table, resources, oxidation state, electronic transitions, asteroids, hall electrolysis process, hydrothermal vents, nodules, panning, spectroscopyTony Hargreaves231Artificial photosynthesis: putting sunshine in the tankCatalysis, climate change, fuels, oxides of carbon, energy, reduction, biofuels, solar fuel, artificial photosynthesis, Monsanto process, porphyrinGreener and cleanerChristopher Windle231Planning for success in extended-answer questionsBonding, structure, physical properties, intermolecular forces, alkanes, alkenes, stereoisomerism, analysis of dataAnswer backMike Wooster231Iodine in medicineIodine, halogen, thyroid hormones, beta decay, glycogen, half-life, iodometry, isotope, metastases, oxidising agent, goitreSubstancesLaura Turkenburg231Hair-raising chemistryHair, colour, pigments, eumelanin, pheomelanin, melaninIn picturesElizabeth Brookes231Chemical conundrumMaking and doingAnne Hodgson231Cracking the egg timer: Dating ancient eggshells with amino acidsLiquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, amino acid racemisation, chirality, enantiomers, optical isomers, ostrich eggshells, biominerals, geochronology, hydrolysis, radiocarbon dating, sub-fossils, thermal age, archaeologyMolly Crisp231Catalysis: heterogeneous catalysisCatalysts, activation energy, industrial chemistry, heterogeneous catalysis, homogeneous catalysis, tersFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team231Henry Moseley: understanding atomic numbersHenry Moseley, atomic number, atomic structure, periodicity, periodic table100 years ago…Bruce Gilbert231Hydrogen fuel cells: harnessing explosive energyHydrogen fuel cell, HFCBack pageMark Dowsett231pH goes viralVirus, pH, protein formation, amino acid, hydrolysis, condensation reaction, endocytosis, enzyme, endosome proton pumpLucy Robinson232Reclaiming plastic wastePolymers, recycling, plastic, PET, depolymerisationGreener and cleanerEmma Dux232Performing the perfect titrationTitration, titrantLab pageLee McManus232Won’t you step into my parlour…spider silkPolymers, materials chemistry, hydrogen bonding, spider silkWonders of chemistrySam Black232Atropine: a bitter pill to swallowAtropine, chirality, enantiomers, racemisation, poison, castor oil plant, ricin, deadly nightshadeJoanna Buckley232Applications of heterogeneous catalytsHeterogeneous catalysts, reaction mechanisms, molecular structure, isomers, zeolites, contact process, sulfuric acid, aluminium oxide, aluminosilicates, activation energyFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team232Niels Bohr and atomic structureNiels Bohr, atomic structure100 years ago…Alyssia Kaczmarczyk232Making alkenes: the Wittig reactionAlkenes, E/Z stereoisomerism, reaction mechanisms, curly arrows, nucleophilic substitution reactionHow science worksAlex Pashley232Burning bluePyrotechnics, fireworks, blue flameBack pageAlex Pagett232Extremophiles: surviving salt and spaceExtremophile, amino acids, proteins, concentration, molarity, pH, halophile, osmosis, atomic force microscopy, biotechnologyDanielle Walsh, Lorna Dougan233What can we make from carbon dioxide?Carbon dioxide, catalysis, enzymes, nucleophilic reactions, polymer production, aspirin, Gibbs free energy of reaction, Calvin cycleGreener and cleanerEmma Dux233Absinthe: lessons from the green fairyFormulae, geometric isomerism, functional groups, electrophilic addition, polymerisationAnswer backDavid Billett233Red dread: the chemistry of a clean-upOxidation states, aluminium extraction, pH, minerals and ores, amphoteric oxide, pollution, Hall-Héroult process, red mudMark Hodson233Catalysis: homogeneous catalystsHomogeneous catalysis, reaction mechanisms, polymerisation, molecular structure, stereochemistry, Ziegler-Natta catalyst, metallocene catalystFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team233MagnesiumMagnesium, group 2, organic synthesis, enzymes, reactivity series, chlorophyll, Calvin cycle, Grignard reagent, ATP, cytochrome, NADPHSubstancesEmma Dux23330-Second ElementsEric Scerri, polonium, silver, sulfur, arsenicWorth readingAnne Hodgson233Steam distillationSteam distillation, ideal gas equation, vapour pressureLab pageIngo Fengler233Feeling blue: lobster raritiesLobster, astaxanthin, conjugated bonds, genetic mutation, alpha-crustacyaninBack pageMark Dowsett233Sniffing out carbonyl compoundsAldehydes, ketones, Tollens’ reagent, addition reactions. Silver mirror test.Simon Cotton234Copper sulfate and ammonia:stretch and challenge questionMole calculations, acid–base titrations, acid–base indicators, titration curves, complex ions, practical quantitative chemistryRevision noteMaurice Carmody234Molecules of revisionNeurotransmitters, hormones, dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine, adrenaline, norepinephrine, endorphins, oxytocinWonders of chemistryMark Dowsett234How can a chemistry degreeprepare you for a job?University, employability skills, transferable skillsCareers in chemistryAndrew Parsons and Katrina Sayer234Careers for chemistsChemistry careersCareers in chemistryAndrew Parsons and Katrina Sayer234Fighting forgery with forensicsPaper, ink, chromatography, spectroscopy, dyes and pigments, Harold Shipman, Hitler diariesTony Hargreaves234Food waste: beyond the binGreen chemistry, sustainability, EUBIS, orange peel, limonene, pectin, bioethanolEncounterKatie Privett234Biocatalysis in biosolventsCatalysis, enzymes, green chemistry, industrial chemistry, solvents, industrial waste disposal, hydrolysis, condensation reaction, ester formation, Le Chatelier’s principle, biofuel, biomassGreener and cleanerGiulia Paggiola234Looking into glassGlass, salt structure, giant ionic lattice, giant covalent structure, crystal structures and shapesSubstancesAndy : sustainability worksSustainabilityChemistry onlineSorina Antonescu234Super foodsAntioxidants, free radicalsBack pageTaylor Harrison234Living on MarsElectrolysis, polymers, plastics, catalysis, space, Mars, Sabatier reactionChristina Briggs241Graphene and carbon nanotubesGraphene, caron nanotubes, bucky tubes, nonotechnologyWonders of chemistryEmma Kastrisianaki-Guyton241Elementary cluesPuzzleMaking and doingAnnie Hodgson241Dealing with CO2: from carbon sinks to sequestrationFossil fuels, atmospheric chemistry, greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, CO2, carbon sink, carbon source, photosynthesis, carbon capture, carbon sequestrationSorina Antonescu241The life of a first-year chemistry studentUniversity, studying chemistryEncounterSam Edwards241Developing and delivering drugsMedicines, drug development, drug delivery, penicillin, antibiotic resistance, antiviral drugs, anti-cancer drugsChemistry in medicineEmma Dux241Biotechnology in the chemical industry: biodegradable polymersBiodegradable polymers, green chemistry, fossil fuels, PHA, PHB, PLA, starchFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team241Alkenes and clean screensOrganic nomenclature, alkenes, alcohols, E/Z isomerism, skeletal formulaeAnswer backMaurice Carmody241Follicle forensicsAnalytical chemistry, forensics, hair, chromatography, spectrometryBack pageHannah Felstead241Spotlight on mercuryMercry, d block, gold mining, poisoning, acids and basesSimon Cotton242The jeans that eat pollutionPollution, jeans, catalysis, atmospheric chemistry, acid rain, laundryWonders of chemistryKaty Hollies242Biotechnology in the chemical industry: biofuelsBiofuels, biodiesel, esters, fermentationFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team242Getting drugs to where they’re neededCancer, drug delivery, chemotherapy, polymers, proteinsGemma Lambert242Hess cycles and the MASK checkHess’ law, Hess cycles, enthalpy, Top tipsAndrew Crookell242Mind-numbing drugsGeneral anaesthetics, local anaesthetics, nitrous oxide, ether, chloroform, halothane, cocaine, procaine, lidocaine, curare, tubocurarine, gallimineChemistry in medicineEmma Dux242ChemwordCrossword puzzleMaking and doingAnne Hodgson242Every Molecule Tells a StorySimon Cotton, morphine, heroin, endorphin, opium poppy, codeineWorth readingAnne Hodgson242Cracking down on chemical weaponsChemical weapons, sarinBack pageSam Edwards242Earth’s solar potentialSolar power, green chemistry, photovoltaic effect, polymers, grapheneChris Unsworth243Lyotropic liquid crystals: essential for lifeSurfactants, micelles, lyotropic liquid crystals, washing up, KevlarWonders of chemistrySaleesh Kumar Nambalan Sivaraman243Fighting mental illnessMental illness, depression, antidepressants, iproniazid, tricyclics, SSRI, SNRI, ProzacChemistry in medicineEmma Dux243ChromatographyPaper chromatography, TLC, HPLC, GCLab pageAnne Hodgson243Examining equilibriumEquilibrium, calculationsAnswer backDavid Billett243Preserving the pastConservation, acids, carbonates, erosion, pollution, acid rain, stone, limestone, fatty acidsMark Hodson243Recent advances in biofuel productionBiofuel, green chemistry, industrial chemistryFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team243Three years or four? Completing a chemistry degreeUniversity, studying chemistry, EncounterAlex Pashley243Wake up and smell the coffeeCoffee, adenosine, caffeine, decaffeinationBack pageSam Edwards243Photoactivated platinum compounds for cancer therapyPlatinum, cancer therapy, cisplatin, tumours, clinical trialsLouise Tear244BiorefineriesBiorefineries, fermentation, thermochemical processing, gasification, pyrolysis, isomerisation, reformingFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team244Improving natural medicinesAspirin, penicillin, semisynthesis, tetracyclines, antibiotics, artemisinin, taxolSimon Cotton244Picture it…ChemistryPlants, capsaicin, vanillin, raspberry ketoneChemistry onlineNatalie Fey and Jenny Slaughter244Nuclear Magnetic ResonanceNMR, spectroscopy, emission and absorption spectra, nuclear spinHow science worksKate Appleby244Understanding NMR spectraNMR spectra, integral ratios, splitting peaksRevision noteKate Appleby244Indications of changepH calculations, enthalpy changes, buffers, indicators, equilibriumAnswer backMary Hoyle244Viral chemistryAntiviral drugs, influenza nomenclature, Relenza, Tamiflu, HIV, Azidothymidine, EbolaChemistry in medicineEmma Dux244Can we grow gold on plants?Hyperaccumulation, phytoremediation, phytominingBack pageNatalie Fey244Lasers, sunscreens and free radicalsUV radiation, photo-damage, wavenumber and frequency, lasers, sunscreensMike Ashfold, Andrew Orr-Ewing, Daniel Murdock, Gareth Roberts, Michael Grubb251Revising 25 years of chemistry25 year anniversary of Chemistry ReviewEncounterAnne Hodgson251Gel chemistry: From jellies to 3D printingCollagen, gelatin, polymer gels, supramolecular gels, redox gels25 years of...Emma Dux251X-ray eyes on a molecular worldX-ray diffraction, DNA, protein crystals, ribosomesIn picturesJean Whittingham251Extracting caffeine from tea leavesTea, caffeine, tannic acids, Büchner filtration, IR spectroscopyLab pageTim Harrison251IsomagramAnagramsMaking and doingAnne Hodgson251Super silverSilver, extraction, purification Joanna Buckley251Reflecting the futureSilver, mirrors, solar cells, window glassJoanna Buckley251CopperUses, manufacture, purification, electrolysis, alloys, recyclingFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team2513, 2, 1, liftoff!Spacecraft, fuelBack pagePolly Lang251Global warming: Reconstructing the pastGlobal warming, climate change, ocean temperatures, corals, isotopes, radioactive decay, synchrotrons, calcium carbonateMark Hodson252How to make skin creamAqueous cream, IR spectroscopyLab pageLynda Dunlop252Hydrogen cyanide: Poison and precursorComplex ions, DNA, astrobiologySubstancesAndrew Shaw, Oliver Knight252X-rays reveal a lost treasureX-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, Life with Meadow Flowers and Roses, Vincent Van Gogh, art, paintingWonders of chemistryPolly Lang252Amino acids in chemistryAlpha-amino acids, protein formationTop tipsTim Harrison252Elemental acrosticAcrosticMaking and doingAnne Hodgson252Investigating with isotopesIsotopes, relative molecular mass, mass spectrometry, isomerism, IR spectroscopy, NMR, food, epimers, testosterone, cocaine, Richard IIISimon Cotton252Silver: Printing the pastPhotographyJoanna Buckley252TitaniumUses, manufacture, alloys, electrolysis, oxidation statesFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team252Preventing catastrophic climate changeClimate change, greenhouse gases, alternative energy, atmospheric chemistry, carbon capture, carbon sequestration, hydrogen, biofuelsEncounterSam Edwards252RetrosynthesisOrganic synthesis, functional groups, chirality, retrosynthesis25 years of...Emma Dux252Chemistry WeekRSC, ChemNetAnne Hodgson252Spectroscopy: At the heart of artArt forgery, painting, IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-rays, Chagall's NudeBack pagePolly Lang252Preserving paintings: Gels, micelles and microemulsionsMicelles, surfactants, emulsions, gels, art restoration, murals, frescosMichael Nolan253EsterificationEsters, reflux, recrystallisation, vacuum filtration, melting point determination, yield calculations, IR spectroscopyLab pageTim Harrison253Who said that?Making and doingAnne Hodgson253Carbene chemistryNitrogen-heterocyclic carbene, alkenes, catalysis, molecular orbitals, complexes and ligands, organic synthesis, oxidation state25 years of...Emma Dux253Molecules That Amaze UsSimon Cotton, Paul May, Paracetamol / acetaminophen, monosodium glutamateWorth readingAnne Hodgson253Medicinal or murderous: Analysing a Victorian medicine cabinetTyntesfield House, Victorian medicines, GC-MSIn picturesJenny Slaughter, Tony Rogers, Isabel Wiltshire, Dominic Palubiski253Nitro: Not just for blowing things upGunpowder, nitroglycerine, dynamite, TNT, nitromusks, perfume, organic synthesis, Simon Cotton253Silver: A versatile elementSilver usesJoanna Buckley253All hail the halogensOxidation state, balancing equations, redox reaction, half equations, disproportionationAnswer backMaurice Carmody253Treating the AIDS epidemicHIV, AIDS, DNA, antiretrovirals, highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART)EncounterPolly Lang253ZincAlloys, batteries, electrolysis, redox reactionsFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team253Colouring in the dinosaursMelanosomes, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, IR and reflectance spectroscopyBack pagePolly Lang253Archaeological chemistry: Analysing ancient alcoholAlcohol, pulque, mezcal, tequila, fermentation, diagenesis, hopanoids, biomarkersMarisol Correa Ascencio, Tim Harrison254A complex way to find nickel compoundsElectron arrangements, complex ions, mole calculations, acid-base reactionsAnswer backMaurice Carmody254Succeeding in chemistry without A-level mathsMaths, universityTop tipsMarnie Grant254FT-NMRFourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy25 years of...Emma Dux254Iron in the bloodIron, transition metals, ligands, equilibrium constant, solubility product, stability constant, fac and mer isomers, myoglobin, haemoglobin, carbon monoxideSimon Cotton254MagnesiumMagnesium, thermal reduction process, electrolysisFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team254Feeding the world with chemistryGreen chemistry, agriculture, environment, herbicides, insecticides, food fraudEncounterSam Edwards254Silver: Hallmark of qualitySilver alloy, sterling silverJoanna Buckley254BariumHeavy metal, alkaline earths, environment, electrochemistrySubstancesMagdalena Wajrak254Isoprene: structural motif of organic chemistryColour, smell, terpenes, terpenoids, ozone, rubber, steroidsSimon Cotton261Synthesising aspirinEsterification reaction, phenolic compoundsLab pageSaskia O’Sullivan, Tim Harrison261The chemistry of LEDsLight emitting diodes, semiconductors, conductors, insulators, white lightEnergy and efficiencyEmma Dux261Periodic table updatedSuperheavy elementsIn picturesAnne Hodgson261Volatile organic compounds: where do smells go?VOCs, atmospheric chemistry, ozone, free radical reactions, CFCs, Criegee biradicalsTim Harrison, Dudley Shallcross261Molecular crosswordCrosswordMaking and doingAnne Hodgson261Focus on the basicsBonding and structure, naming compounds, constructing formulae, balanced equations, equilibrium, benzene reactions, rates of reaction, atom recovery, polymerisation, intermolecular bonding and solubilityAnswer backDavid Billett261Dealing with significant figuresCalculationsTop tipsTim Harrison261Colourants: Where does colour come from?Pigments, textile fibres, azo dyes, tautomerism, anthraquinone dyes, phthalocyanines, isomerism, conjugation, energy states, polymers, bondingFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team261Seeing with chemistryRetinol (vitamin A), terpenoid alcohol, trans-retinal, cis-retinal, isomerisation reaction, opsin, rhodopsin, condensation reactionBack pageSimon Cotton261Cold plasmaSpectroscopy, free radicals, states of matter, low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma, biomedical applications, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, spectrophotometryYury Gorbanev262Shining a light on solar energyElectrical conductivity, energy levels, crystal structure, silicon solar cells, dye-sensitised solar cells, perovskite, organic photovoltaic cellsEnergy and efficiencyEmma Dux262Nitration of an areneNitration of methyl benzoate, electrophilic substitution, aromatic chemistry, practical techniques, vacuum filtration, thin layer chromatography, recrystallisation, solubilityLab pageTim Harrison262Is every snowflake unique?Snow crystals, hydrogen bondingIn picturesAlice Smallwood262Roses: The chemistry of our favourite flowerEnzymes, stereochemistry, chirality, organic reactions, functional groups, gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS), fragrance molecules, odour unitsSimon Cotton262ChemwordCrosswordMaking and doingAnne Hodgson262Wrack your brainsIodine, seaweed, oxidation state, half equations, oxidation and reduction, halogens, electron configuration, titrations, mole calculationsAnswer backMaurice Carmody262Classifying colourants by method of applicationApplications of chemistry, bonding, fibres and polymers, aromatic structures, acid dyes, metal-complex dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, reactive dyes, vat dyes, sulphur dyesFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team262Back to Sherlock’s crime sceneCatalase, hydrogen peroxide, forensic chemistry, luminol test, chemiluminescenceBack pageDominika Pasternak262Reconstructing past climates using molecular fossilsClimate change, extraction techniques, fossil fuels, microorganisms, analytical techniques, Eocene epoch, biomarkers, sedimentary record, GDGT Gordon Inglis, Richard Pancost, Tim Harrison263Nucleophilic substitutionNucleophiles, substitution reactions, curly arrow mechanisms, halogenoalkanes, dot-and-cross diagrams, Sn2 mechanism, electronegativityRevision noteWilliam Stockburn263Not-so stainless steelGreen rust, oxidation and reduction, mole calculations, half equations, oxidation states, complex ions, ligandsAnswer backMaurice Carmody263Pigments and high-tech colourants: What are the technical applications of colour?Dyes, pigments, hydrogen bonding, molecular structure, polymers, solubility, liquid crystal displays, laser dyes, ink jet printing, photodynamic therapy, cancer treatmentFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team263Mass, moles and gas equationsCalculationsIn picturesAnne Hodgson263Batteries required: Advances in energy storageElectrochemistry, oxidation and reduction, electrolytic cell, rechargeable batteries, lithium ion batteries, flow batteries, flow lithium batteriesEnergy and efficiencyEmma Dux263Make your own dyeDiazo dyestuff, orange azo dye, diazonium compounds, practical techniques, vacuum filtration, solubility, methyl orange indicatorLab pageTim Harrison, Nick Barker263Flavour chemistry: Changing the taste of tomatoesIsomerism, stereoisomers, E/Z (cis/trans) isomerism, epimers, enzymes, conjugation, spectroscopy, energy levels, colour chemistry, double bond equivalents, odour unitsSimon Cotton263Life in undergraduate labsPracticals, university, safetyEncounterJessica Entwistle263Life-saving viperSnake venom, fer-de-lance viper, hypertension, captoprilBack pageAnne Hodgson263Chiral chemistry: where does enantiomerically pure material come from?Chirality, racemic/non-racemic mixtures, plane-polarised light, enantiomers, amino acidsRussell Banta, Shane Daly264Electrophilic substitution of aromatic ringsAromatic compounds, benzene rings, nitration of benzene, halogenation of benzene, acylation of benzeneRevision noteWilliam Stockburn264The many aromas of dimethyl sulfideMolecular shapes, oxidation state, oxidation numbers, boiling points, intermolecular forces, hydrogen bondingSimon Cotton264Know your glasswarePractical chemistryIn picturesAnne Hodgson264Concentrate for first-rate answersKinetics, reaction rate, reaction mechanism, rate equation, rate constantAnswer backMaurice Carmody264Fuel from sunshineEnthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, semiconductors, oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, artificial photosynthesis, thermodynamicsEnergy and efficiencyEmma Dux264Atmospheric camp at YorkAtmospheric monitoring, ozone, air quality and health, atmospheric layers, temperature inversion, urban pollution levels EncounterJosie Lewis, Lorien Birch, Freya Brown264Making paintSolvents, applications of chemistry, organic reactions, esterification, pigments, acrylic polymers, alkyd polymers, epoxy polymersFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team264The two sides of thalidomideChirality, enantiomersBack pageJessica Entwistle264Galactic chemistryAmino acids, proteins, enzymes, isomers, chirality, alkynes, mass spectrometry, astrochemistrySimon Cotton271Optical isomers and penicillinChirality, amino acids, antibioticsDid you know?Simon Cotton271Jet fumes in the cabin: The aviation industry’s dirty secret?Organophosphates, isomers, enzymes, aircraft engine, fume event, aerotoxic syndrome, jet fuel, tricresyl phosphate (TCP)Stefan Swift271Massive open online courses (Moocs)FutureLearn, Exploring Everyday Chemistry MoocChemistry onlineAndy Parsons271The chemistry behind bakingReactions of carbonates, hydrogen bonding, sugars, proteins, fats, flour, butter, egg, baking powderIn picturesJessica Entwistle271Landmine-detecting bacteriaAnalytical chemistry, nitro compounds, proteins, DNA, RNA, bioreporting, bioluminescence, TNTWonder bugsEmma Dux271Acids, alkalis and pHWeak acids, neutralisation reactions, pH calculations, ionic product of water, equilibrium calculations, concentration calculations, significant figures and logs, buffer solutions and approximations in related calculations, inorganic formulaeAnswer backMaurice Carmody271AnalgesicsMedicinal chemistry, chirality, R/S enantiomers, paracetamol, NSAIDs, aspirin, ibuprofen, opioids, compound analgesics, conotoxins, morphine, codeineSubstancesAlice Smallwood271The Sun and moonsHow Many Moons Does the Earth Have?, What Colour is the Sun?, Brian CleggWorth readingAnne Hodgson271Fuelling Formula 1Fuel combustion, motor sportBack pageSam Daly271The coke in Coca-ColaMedicinal chemistry, chemical extraction methods, neurotransmitters, coca leaves, kola nut, extracting cocaine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline) Jessica Pound272Science Down Under2017 International Science School, materials chemistry, time of flight mass spectrometry, industrial chemistry, sodium hydroxide production, electrolysis, redox reaction, determining water hardness, titrations, chelating ligands/complexes, 3D atom probe microscopyEncounterAnne Hodgson272Holy smokeFrankincense, reactions of alcohols, reactions of carbonyl compounds, uses of IR spectroscopy, carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, chirality, isomers, redox reactions, hybrid orbitalsSimon Cotton272Volumetric analysisLaboratory skills, mole calculationsLab pageSam Daly272Plastic-eating bacteriaPolymer applications, polymer synthesis, polymer recycling, enzymes, PET, PETase, MHET, MHET hydrolaseWonder bugsEmma Dux272Rachel Louise Carson: Environmental championOrganochlorides, environmental chemistry, pesticides, DDT, Silent SpringScientists of substanceDimitrina Trendafilova272Chemical vocabularyCrosswordMaking and doingAnne Hodgson272Squeaky clean with surfactantsApplications of chemistry, saponification, catalysis, anionic surfactants, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, soapsFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team272Botulinum toxin: Killer or cure?Botox, botulismBack pageAlex Bytheway272Apocalypse chemistryFiltration, flocculation, pH, chelating agents, ligands, surface area, disproportionation, water treatment, activated charcoal, chlorinationOmar Shah273Acetals and hemiacetalsCarbonyls, nucleophilic addition reactions, curly arrow mechanisms, optical isomerism, chirality, equilibrium calculationsAnswer backMaurice Carmody273Interview with Nobel prizewinner Bernard FeringaMolecular machines, 2016 Nobel prize in chemistryEncounterSam Daly273Does warm water freeze faster than cold water?Experimental design, physical chemistry, changes of stateMaking and doingAnne Hodgson273Know your unitsBase units, derived units, multiplication factorsRevision noteAlexander Bytheway273Raku pottery: Redox in actionOxidation, reduction, glazesIn picturesAnne Hodgson273Soap and other surfactantsApplications of chemistry, saponification, hydrogen bonding, soap manufacture, cationic surfactants, mono alkyl quaternary systems, esterquats, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactantsFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team273Microbial medicine factoriesMedicinal chemistry, aspirin, malaria, antimalarial drugs, quinine, mefloquine, artemisinin, bioengineering, yeast, hydrocodoneWonder bugsEmma Dux273Fruity estersChirality, esterification, functional groups, isomerism, NMR spectroscopy, amino acids, lactones, propyl ethanoate, propan-2-yl ethanoate, proton NMR signals, Coenzyme A (CoA)Simon Cotton273Esterification mechanismsEsters, reaction mechanisms, curly arrowsTop tipsSimon Cotton273Molecular carsMolecular motors, rotary motorBack pageSam Daly273Candy-coated chemistryAcid-base reactions, crystallisation, enzymes, carbohydrate chemistry, sugars, sweets, fudge, sherbet, popping candy, chocolate mintsSam Daly274Chemical conundrumPuzzleMaking and doingAnne Hodgson274Solving climate change in a weekGreen chemistry, oils, lubricants, biodiesel, IR spectroscopy, gas chromatography, oxidation, carbonyl chemistry, work experienceEncounterJess Smith, Tom Owens, Jonny Ruffell274Turmeric: Medicinal applicationsMetal complexes, oxidation, acids and bases, radicals, medicinal chemistry, curcumin, turmerone, Alzheimer’s disease, antioxidantsSubstancesYrina Ghrabigi274Chemicals in cleaningApplications of chemistry, surfactants, bleaching/oxidising agents, environmental chemistry, laundry detergents, dishwasher tablets, washing-up liquid, shampoo, shower gel, hair conditioner, fabric softenerFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team274Saving SS Great Britain: Redox in actionIron, corrosion, rust, conservationIn picturesAnne Hodgson274Cancer, catalysts and square planar coordinationTransition metals, d-block elements, catalysis, coordination chemistry, oxidation states, redox reactions, addition reactions, cis- and trans-isomers, cisplatin, Vaska’s compound, Wilkinson’s catalystSimon Cotton274Testing turmericColour chemistry, tautomers/isomers, pH, fluorescence, dyeLab pageYrina Ghrabigi274New fuels from natureChirality, enzymes, sugars, polysaccharides, green chemistry, polymers, biofuels, cellulose, woodWonder bugsEmma Dux274Sunshine and vitamin DUV light, vitamin DBack pageEmma Dux274Breath of lifeVOCs, volatile organic compounds, GC-MS, biomarkers, breathalysers, breathomicsAndrew Parsons281Bees, honey and venomBees, honey, venom, apitoxin, honeycomb, propolis, beeswax, royal jelly, royalactinAnimal chemistryEmma Dux281Drugs and dyesMedicinal chemistry, aniline, phenylamine, acetanilide, phenacetin, paracetamol, acylation reactions, diazotisation, azo dyes, curry arrow mechanismsSimon Cotton281Elements of smartphonesLithium-ion battery, touchscreen, LCD, liquid crystal display, camera, system-on-a-chipIn picturesMaria Turkenburg281Polymers and azo dyesPolymer, azo dyes, amines, amides, carboxylic acids, acyl chlorides, aryl amines, diazonium salts, nitration, mechanism of electrophilic substitution of benzene rings, percentage yield calculationsAnswer backMaurice Carmody281The continuum of bondingCovalent bonding, ionic bonding, electronic configuration, Hess’s lawRevision noteLynden Astill281The Disappearing SpoonPeriodic table, properties of elements, Sam KeanWorth readingSofia Helin281Extracting oil and gasIndustrial chemistry, hydrocarbons, alkanes, oil, gas, drillingFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team281Solar power: Nature does it betterRenewable energy, biophotovoltaics, photosynthesis, chlorophyllWonders of chemistryMary Wood281Conservation and cyclododecaneConservation, CDD, cyclododecaneBack pageLukas Geciauskas281How clean is our air?Atmospheric chemistry, pollution, photochemical smog, tropospheric chemistry, particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, NOx, VOCs, volatile organic compounds, ozone, chain radical reactions, universal gas lawSilvia Pugliese, Matthew Johnson282Disentangling polarityIonic polarity, bond polarity, molecular polarity, dipoles, electronegativity, bonding, E/Z isomerismRevision noteLynden Astill282Frogs and toadsFrogs, toads, medicinal chemistry, poisons, batrachotoxin, epibatidine, bufotenin, hibernationAnimal chemistryEmma Dux282Flying over firesAtmospheric chemistry, moorland fires, pollutionIn picturesDominika Pasternak282What’s your poison?Arsenic, wallpaper, copper arsenite, Scheele’s Green, March’s test, molecular shapesSimon Cotton282Photochemistry and drug synthesisMedicinal chemistry, drug synthesis, retrosynthesis, anhydride formation, ring formation, photochemistry, photocycloadditionChemistry in medicineBethan Donnelly, Tim Harrison282What happens in an oil refinery?Industrial chemisty, fractional distillation, hydrocarbons, oil, gas, fractionating towersFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team282Investigating the structure of nucleic acidsNucleic acids, radicals, analytical techniques, DNA, RNA, hydroxyl radical probing, DMS, CMCT, kethoxal, SHAPE, LASERHow science worksRoss Ward282Spectroscopy of spaceExcitation of atoms, absorption spectra, starsBack pageNicholas Lau282Are vehicle exhaust fumes damaging our health?Atmospheric chemistry, air quality, vehicle pollution, greenhouse gases, nitrogen oxides, NOx, exothermic combustion reactions, hydrocarbons, petrol, diesel, fuel efficiency automobile testing (FEAT), IR spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopyNaomi Farren283Synthesis and analysisPractical techniques, displayed formulae, skeletal formulae, molecular formulae, oxidation of alcohols, acid/base reactions, balanced equations, mole calculations, theoretical yields, percentage yields, IR spectroscopy, interpreting mass spectraAnswer backMaurice Carmody283Cats and dogsVOCs, volatile organic compounds, smell, catnip, nepetalactone, cat litter, bentonite, felinine, milk plastic, galalith, Animal chemistryEmma Dux283Periodic table completed?Periodic table, superheavy elementsIn picturesAnne Hodgson283Elements old and newPeriodic table, atomic number, heavy elements, superheavy elements, relative atomic mass, radioactive decay, isotopes, moscovium, nihonium, oganesson, tennessine, IUPACWonders of chemistrySofia Helin283Periodic Tales: the CuriousLives of the ElementsPeriodic table, noble gases, metals, alloys, Hugh Aldersey-WilliamsWorth ReadingAnne Hodgson283Valuable vanillaVanilla, vanillin, enzymes, isomerism, isotopes, NMR spectroscopy, food fraudSimon Cotton283Cracking and related refinery processesIndustrial chemistry, hydrocarbons, steam cracking, catalytic cracking, isomerisation, reforming, alkylation, dealkylation, disproportionationFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team283Knock, knock…Industrial chemistry, petrol, gasoline, hydrocarbons, car engines, octane ratingDid you know?Allan Clements, CIEC team283Valentine chemistryFlavones, flavonols, antioxidants, pigments, flower petals, quercetin, fisetinBack pageSofia Helin283Organic nitrogen: the secret killer in Chinese megacitiesAtmospheric chemistry, particulate matter, air pollution, photochemical smog, organic nitrogen species, nitroaromatic compounds, animal testing, toxicology, DNA, Stefan Swift284FrackingHydraulic fracking, shale rock, fracturing, methane, ethene, propaneFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team284Chemistry with altitudeAtmospheric chemistry, analytical chemistry, GC-MS, EncounterDominika Pasternak284Reactions: the Private Life of AtomsPeter AtkinsWorth ReadingAnne Hodgson284What shape is my molecule?Molecular shapesIn picturesEmma Dux284Phosphorus: the essential elementPhosphorus, phosphane, ammonia, molecular shapes, trihalides, acids, basicity, pentahalides, nucleic acids, DNA, RNA, ATPSimon Cotton284The future of the periodic tablePeriodic table, atomic number, electron configuration, Charles Janet, left-step periodic table, Otto Theodor Benfey, spiral periodic table, Tim Stowe, physicist;s periodic tableHow science worksChris Coates284SpidersSpiders, spider venom, amino acids, cysteine knot, spider silks, spidroins, Animal chemistryEmma Dux284Constructing an electrochemical cellElectrochemical cells, laboratory skills, electrochemistry, Lab pageSam Daly284The chemistry of coral bleachingCoral, phytoplankton, zooxanthellae, coral bleachingBack pageLily Pople284Is vaping really safer than smoking?Vaping, smoking, e-cigarettes, nicotine, tobacco, carcinogensSimon Cotton291EnergyForms of energy, energy levels, quantised energy, microwave radiation, spin statesHow science worksAlex Bytheway291Atomic structure: part 1Atomic structure, atomic theory, model of the atomA brief history of…Emma Dux291Scrambled scientistsPuzzleMaking and doingAnne Hodgson291Cave chemistryCaves, limestone, calcium carbonate, speleothemsIn picturesStephanie Batten291Cantharidin: From aphrodisiac to cancer cureCantharidin, Spanish fly, blister beetles, toxicity, antidotes, Diels-Alder reactionAndrew Parsons291Concentrate on sulfuric acidReaction mechanisms, reactions of alkenes, geometric and structural isomerism, oxidation of alcohols, reactions of halides with concentrated sulfuric acidAnswer backMaurice Carmody291Chemistry in knotsMacramé, periodic tableMaking and doingAnne Hodgson and Jane Stewart291Scrambled scientistsHennig Brand, Humphry Davy, Marie Curie, Glenn Seaborg, Dmitri Mendeleev, Ernest Rutherford, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, Isaac Newton, Anders Celsius, Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, John Dalton, Robert Bunsen, Emil Erlenmeyer, Johan Kjeldahl, Julius PetriDid you know?Anne Hodgson291AluminiumAluminium production, bauxite, aluminium oxide, cryolite, aluminium fluoride, electrolysisFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team291Radical clean-upPollution, hydroxyl radical, climate changeBack pageStephanie Batten291Partitioning proteinsAmino acids, proteins, DNA, X-ray crystallography, diffraction, Bergmann-Niemann hypothesis, wool fibres, partitioning chromatographyKersten Hall292Chameleon colour changesChameleons, structural colours, superficial iridiphores, lattice/crystalline structures, osmosisWonders of chemistryStephanie Batten292Where would we be without chlorine?Chlorine, silicon(IV) chloride, titanium(IV) chloride, sodium chloride, oxidation state, bleach, potassium chlorate, matches, fireworks, metal chloridesSimon Cotton292The elephant in the labSchool science club, decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, elephant’s toothpaste experiment, catalysis, molecular orbital diagramEncounterNicholas Lau292The elephant’s toothpaste experimentDecomposition of hydrogen peroxide, elephant’s toothpaste experimentIn picturesNicholas Lau292Analysing limescale remover by acid-base titrationAcid-base titration, limescale remover, hardness of water, calcium carbonateLab pageJohn McCullagh292Atomic structure: part 2Atomic structure, quantum physics, electromagnetic radiation, blackbody radiation, the photoelectric effect, photons, Planck’s constant, atomic emission line spectra, electron orbital filling, shapes of orbitals, quantum mechanical model, quantum theory, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, the Schr?dinger equation, neutronsA brief history of…Emma Dux292IronMetal extraction, redox reactions, cast iron, wrought iron, steel, iron ore, coke, blast furnaceFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team292Cosmetic scientistCosmetic industry, process chemistCareers in chemistryRachael Davison292Endangered elementsPeriodic tableBack pageAnne Hodgson292The chemical weaponry of plantsPollination, natural pigments, conjugated systems, carotenoids, flavonoids, isoprene, visible light, pH, bees, terpenes, terpenoids, primary and secondary metabolitesBridget O’Boyle293The f block elementsPeriodic table, f block elements, electron configuration, lanthanides, actinides, Aufbau principle, atomic orbitals, radioactivity, oxidation states, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), reducing agents, contrast agents, gadoliniumHow science worksSam Daly293Mystery metalPuzzleMaking and doingAnne Hodgson293Naming (R/S) isomersChirality, (R/S) isomersTop tipsAnne Hodgson293Fighting fallacies in chemistry communicationsFallacies, argumentum as hominem, appeal to authorityHow science worksLynda Dunlop, Joshua Stubbs293Do you know your functional groups?Alkenes, alcohols, halogenoalkanes, halogenoalkenes, amines, amides, carboxylic acids, ethers, esters, aldehydes, ketonesIn picturesAlex Bytheway, Connor Rutter293Why do we smell?Chiral molecules, (E/Z) and cis/trans isomerism, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, sweat, death, dogs, forensics, esters, thiolsSimon Cotton293Recharging the batteriesElectrochemistry, lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries, Nobel prize, bioengineering, potato batteries, Wonders of chemistrySofia Helin293SteelSteel production, basic oxygen steelmaking process, electric arc furnace process, secondary steelmaking, casting, recyclingFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team293Red cabbage indicatorsRed cabbage, pH, anthocyaninsMaking and doingAnne Hodgson293Highlighting hair dyeDyes, pigments, hair, cuticle, cortex, medulla, bleaching, Ross Ward294The chemistry of nuclear energyNuclear energy, atomic structure, nuclear fission, radioactivity, enrichment, uraniumEmma Dux294Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curvesMaxwell-Boltzmann distribution curves, reaction ratesRevision noteAnne Hodgson294Myth bustingLogical fallacies, false dilemma, false dichotomy, post hoc ergo propter hoc, spurious correlationsHow science worksLynda Dunlop, Joshua Stubbs294Acids and their usesMineral acids, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, organic acids, citric acid, lactic acid, carbonic acid, ethanoic acidIn picturesAlex Bytheway, Connor Rutter294Lead’s poisonous legacyLead, paint, pipes, petrol, gasoline, tetraethyllead, catalytic converters, complexing agent, complexes, ligands, stability constant KSimon Cotton294Sugar: A bittersweet tale?Sugar, carbohydrates, monosaccharides, disaccharides, human nutrition, diabetes, sucrose, corn syrupSubstancesJeffrey Deakin294Chemical crosswordCrosswordMaking and doingPeter Wade-Wright294LeadLead production, redox reactions, smelting, recycling, alloysFocus on industryAllan Clements, CIEC team294Chemistry in ChinaSichuan University, supramolecular chemistry, DNA analysis, G-quadruplexesEncounterLawrence Henry294Creating the lunar seasMoon, maria, terrae, KREEP, thoriumBack pageStephanie Batten294 ................
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