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Assignment 10 – Using Graphics to Fulfill an Instructional Need

Paula Pulley

ppulley@vt.edu

June 30, 2009

I. Goal/Purpose Statement

As a result of this lesson, students will be able to:

• Identify the inner and outer planets of the solar system

• Identify facts about each of the planets

• Compare the size of each planet to the size of Earth by recording in miles the diameter of each planet

• Determine the distance of each planet from the sun in miles

After completing this lesson, students will have a better understanding of the Solar System and what makes up the solar system.

II. Needs Assessment

A. Instructional Problem

This lesson has been developed because of the need for additional remediation for the particular SOL that covers the Solar System. Scores for this particular SOL are historically low at this school and integrating technology infused lessons typically improves student performance on state and local tests. Being able to use this form of instruction and graphics will give the students the advantage of being able to recall information that may be difficult to remember on a test. The graphics that will be used in this lesson will give the students a better idea of what each planet looks like and a better idea of how each planet compares to one another.

B. Learner Profile

The audiences for this lesson are 6th grade Science students. Students in this class have already been introduced to the Solar System. This technology lesson is for remediation purposes. Typically, students in 6th grade Science struggle with the concepts and scores are low. Most are interested in the topic; but infusing the integration of technology and other activities to engage the students is helpful.

III. Instructional Strategy Outline

A. Preinstructional Activities

Introduction of the lesson will begin with a live videoconference that has been scheduled through the NASA Distance Learning Network in Houston, Texas. Students will participate in this highly interactive lesson with a NASA instructor who will introduce the Solar System and take them through a short discussion of each of the planets. Technology is very familiar to this age and videoconferencing has taken off in this district this year. The students are very excited about videoconferencing and are always very attentive when given this opportunity. Keeping their attention throughout the lesson will be achieved by exposing them to real-life situations that astronauts encounter. Upon completion of the videoconference, students will begin work on the Planet Hopping power point presentation that includes a link to a National Geographic website where they will complete a Solar System Brochure. Pre-requisite skills include the ability to navigate a power point presentation and the ability to use the Internet for research purposes.

B. Information Presentation

Learners will begin by viewing a power point presentation which contains graphics of the Sun, Earth, moon, asteroids and other planets. Learners will be told that all of these make up the Solar System. Learners will then see graphics which differentiate between the inner plants and the outer planets. Learners will be given the definition of inner planet and the definition of outer planet. Next, learners will be given a Solar System Brochure and be directed to a National Geographic website where they can interactive with the planets by clicking on them to make them larger and to learn facts about each planet.

Learners will be instructed to write 1 fact about each of the planets on their brochure. Learners will then view statistics on each of the planets. These statistics is where learners will find the distance of each planet from the sun. Learners will then be instructed to view the Solar System size comparison page and select each planet to determine the size compared to Earth. The statistics and size comparisons are to be recorded on their brochures.

C. Learner Participation

Learners will access the website provided to them and use that website to complete the brochure provided to them. Upon completion of the brochures, students will be able to discuss with the class facts about each planet, the distance of each planet from the sun, and the size of each planet compared to Earth. After class discussion, students will submit their brochure to teacher for further evaluation and grading.

D. Testing

A pretest will be administered as an instructional activity prior to the lesson in the form of an online questionnaire with the entire class. The pretest will assess entry behaviors and learners prior knowledge of the solar system and its planets. Upon completion of the power point lesson, each student will complete their solar system brochure and submit to the instructor. A quiz to determine what has been retained will be administered at the completion of the solar system unit.

E. Follow-through Activities

Upon completion of the lesson, learners will be given additional websites and worksheets to aid in remediation and enrichment of the topic. Websites will contain a variety of activities and games designed to remediate on the topic of the solar system. In addition, students will be directed to websites where they can view additional videos on the solar system and complete online self-check quizzes to aid in the remediation and enrichment of the topic.

Learners can transfer the skills used in this lesson to a math class because of the special attention given the conversion of miles to kilometers and minutes to hours. Additional activities could include conversion worksheets.

V. Identification of Graphic Needs

Part 1

Graphic |Brief Description of Graphic |Pre-instructional activities |Information presentation |Learner participation |Testing |Follow through activities |Actual Graphic |Role of Graphic in Instruction | |1 |Moon | |Obtained without modification | | | |[pic] |Represents one part of what makes up the Solar System | |2 |Sun | |Obtained without modification | | | |[pic] |Represents one part of what makes up the Solar System | |3 |Earth | |Obtained without modification | | | |[pic] |Represents one part of what makes up the Solar System | |4 |Asteroid | |Obtained without modification | | | |[pic] |Represents one part of what makes up the Solar System | |5 |Solar system | |Obtained without modification | | | |[pic] |Represents one part of what makes up the Solar System | |6 |Meteor | |Obtained without modification | | | |[pic] |Represents one part of what makes up the Solar System | |7 |Solar system identifying the inner and outer planets | | |Modified – used shapes and arrows to distinguish between the inner and outer planets | | |

[pic] |Arrows and text indicate to the learner which are inner planets and which are outer planets | |8 |Screen shot of planet from the NGeographic Website | | |Modified – used shapes and arrows to direct the learner where to click | | |

[pic] |Box and arrow indicates that the student should click here to view the statistics of each planet | |9 |Smiley face with hands clapping | | |Obtained without modification | | |[pic] |Indicates to the learner that they have completed and have done a great job | |10 |Each of the inner planets | | |Obtained without modification | | |

|Indicates which inner planet the student needs to find a fact about from the website. These graphics are used on the brochure that the students complete. Each planet has a line next to it for the student to record their fact on. | |11 |Each of the outer planets | | |Obtained without modification | | |

|Indicates which outer planet the student needs to find a fact about from the website. These graphics are used on the brochure that the students complete. Each planet has a line next to it for the student to record their fact on. | |12 |Asteroid belt | | |Obtained without modification | | |

|This graphic is shown on the brochure and placed between the inner and outer planets to illustrate to the learners that this is where the asteroid belt is located in the solar system. | |13 |Globe | | |Modified – added text box with Next | | |[pic] |Added a text box and text to this graphic so that the learners will know to click on this graphic in order to proceed to the next screen. | |14 |Solar System (enlarged to be the background of a slide | |Obtained without modification | | | |[pic] |Used as a background design for the first title slide in the presentation. | |15 |Screen shot of size comparison screen from the NGeographic Website (modified) | | |Modified – used shapes and arrows to direct the learner where to click | | |[pic] |Used shapes and arrows to indicate to learners where to click for size comparison. | |

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