Unit One (8000 BCE to 600 CE)



Unit One (8000 BCE to 600 BCE)

- Olmecs (c. 1500 BCE)

o Gulf of Mexico; major cities of San Lorenzo and La Venta

o Masks and figures out of jade

o Social status indicated by elaborate -ness of dress and decoration

o Colossal Heads

- Andean Heartland

o Cultivation of beans, peanuts, sweet potatoes c. 2500 BCE

o Chavin religious cult (c. 1000 BCE)

Unit Two (600 BCE to 600 CE)

- Maya (c. 300 to 900)

Unit Three (600 to 1450)

- Maya (c. 300 to 900)

o Yucatan in SE Mexico

o Agricultural economy, temples and pyramids, ritualistic polytheism, independent city-states linked by trade

- Aztec (c.1400 to 1521)

o Militant warriors, rule by severe despots, priestly class w/ ritualistic human sacrifice, cacao beans as currency, decentralized network of city-states that pay tribute

- Inca (c. 1400 to 1540)

o South American Andes mountains

o Centralized empire w/ capital at Cuzco, irrigated agricultural economy, polytheistic w/ worship of sun, patriarchal w/ few women’s rights, ancestors worshipped, no written language

Unit Four (1450 to 1750)

- Columbian Exchange: diffusion of food crops and animals

Spanish Empire

- Treaty of Tordesillas 1494

- Hernan Cortes 1519: conquered Tenochtitlan and Aztecs led by Montezuma

- Francisco Pizarro 1531: defeats Incas w/ disease & superior weapons

- Encomienda System

- Social structure based on race: peninsulares, creoles, mestizos, mulattoes, natives

- Plantation system reliant of African slaves

- Missionaries spread Christianity

Portuguese in Brazil

British and French in North America

Unit Five (1750 to 1900)

- American Revolution 1776-1783

o Declaration of Independence: Enlightenment ideals of equality and natural rights

o U.S. Constitution 1789

- Haitian Revolution: slave revolt

- Latin American Wars for Independence

o San Martin and Bolivar

- Industrialization

- Spanish-American War 1898

o US becomes world power w/ acquisition of Puerto Rico, Guam, and Philippines

Unit Six (1900 to present)

- Mexican Revolution (1910-1917)

o 1910 Civil War led by mestizos wanting to break Creole control

o Carranza president in 1916

o Constitution of 1917: land reform, restrictions on foreign control, workers rights

- WWI

o US remains neutral until unrestricted German U-boat war

o Woodrow Wilson and Fourteen Points

o Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations

- 19th Amendment: Women vote!

- Great Depression and Stock Market crash of 1929

- WWII

o Pearl Harbor

o Use of atomic bomb on Japan

o United Nations formed

o US emerges a world power

- Cold War (1945-1989)

o Ideologies at war: communism v. capitalism

o Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan and NATO

o Arms race, space race

o Korean War (1950-1953)

o Vietnam War (1965-1975)

- Cuba: Castro comes to power in 1959

o Bay of Pigs and Cuban Missile Crisis

- North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).

- Sept. 11, 2001 and War in the Gulf

- “McDonaldization”

Social, cultural, economic, and political patterns in the Amerindian world

|Amerindian civilizations |Economic |Cultural Religious Architectural|Gender Roles |Political Structure; Reason for |

| | | | |Collapse |

|Maya |agricultural trade craftwork in |mathematics astronomy medicine |patriarchy |city-states diverse explanations|

| |jade |pyramids hieroglyphic writing | |for causes: environmental: |

| | | | |overuse of resources; warfare |

|Aztec |mercenaries war provided slaves |human sacrifice capital - |patriarchy |emperor rigid class system |

| | |Tenochtitlan | |tributary states lack of |

| | | | |immunity to AfroEurasian |

| | | | |diseases like smallpox tributary|

| | | | |states allied with Spanish |

|Inca |agricultural inherited array of |quipu for record keeping |patriarchy |dynastic emperor rigid class |

| |domesticated plants and animals,|textiles important for religious| |system lack of immunity to Afro |

| |e.g. potatoes, quinoa, guinea |ceremonies | |Eurasian diseases like smallpox |

| |pigs trade tribute roads | | |tributary states allied with |

| | | | |Spanish |

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