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Title of Lesson: Mesopotamia: The Rule of Law

Subject/Grade Level: 9th Grade Social Studies/World History

Topic: Hammurabi’s Law

Standards:

Content Standard: SS5: the major elements of geographical study and analysis (such as location, place, movement, regions) and their relationships to changes in society and environment

SS6: relationships of the individual and groups to institutions and cultural traditions

Performance Standard: 1.9: identify, analyze and compare the institutions, traditions, and art forms of past and present societies

Grade Level Expectation: Understanding the concept of place and human characteristics that make specific places unique.

Describe physical characteristics and human characteristics that make specific places unique.

Explain how and why places change.

Understanding relationships between and among regions

Vocabulary: Sumer, levees, irrigate, city-state, ziggurat, cuneiform, stylus, edubba, scribe, Gilgamesh, Hammurabi, empire, polytheism, monotheism, Diaspora, artifact, innovation, urbanization

Essential Question(s): Is rule of law necessary? How does religion play a role in early civilization? How does the Mesopotamian value system compare with modern U.S. American ethical/legal standards? Are Hammurabi’s codes too extreme? Is the philosophy of “an eye for an eye, tooth for tooth” a good deterrent and should be used today?

Students will know:

*The impacts of an ancient civilization in relation to the modern world

Students will be able to do:

*Analyze history in relation to financial, political, and social impacts.

*Examine the influence of an ancient civilization: religious, social structure, and governmental processes.

Objective(s): Understand the political, economic, and social legacies of ancient civilizations.

The learner will identify early civilizations and relate to present day world.

The learner will analyze and apply information regarding people groups, culture, and livelihood in the world.

Setting Up The Lesson (Anticipatory Set): Educators have differing styles of teaching. Perhaps, you have had a really tough teacher. You find yourself saying, “This teacher is really unfair!” Rules and regulations drive you crazy!

Ask students to consider what it would be like to live in a world without laws. Briefly discuss the problems and inequities that would arise, and point out that people have organized laws or codes of conduct for thousands of years. Briefly review with students the historical background of the Code of Hammurabi: who Hammurabi was, where he lived, and when he created his famous Code of Laws. Tell them they will study some of these laws closely and compare them to laws and codes of conduct we use today.

Learning Activities: Have students interpret Hammurabi’s Laws. Are the laws too tough? Why do we need rules and regulations? Is government necessary? Are Hammurabi’s Laws a deterrent? Have students determine appropriate laws of their own with fair punishment. Is our current system and rule of law appropriate?

Closure Script: Why are laws appropriate for civilizations of the world? Then and now?

Modifications:

For special education students, provide a partially completed graphic organizer. For students with reading difficulties, have the text audio-recorded so they can listen as they read or CWC professional.

Assessment(s)/ Performance Task:

Informal assessment: Class discussion and student response

Formal assessment: Students ability in understanding why law is of utmost importance. Assessment can be made by students’ ability to write and create justified laws and basic understanding of the importance of the rule of law (student response).

Materials and Resources:

Lecture notes, list of terms

For modification: assisted help in activity Law

Instructional Strategies for Content Area Learning:

There is a collaborative group effort in formulation and performance of skit. Students will work together in accomplishing a task while reiterating what has been taught.

Management: The lesson(s) is one 50 minute lesson. Lecture is 20 minutes with power point. Students shall have ghost notes, activity is 15 minutes, and discussion/reflection and intro to subsequent lessons is 15 minutes. Students will be paired in twos for activity.

Learner Diversity: The educator shall determine the grouping of students or CWC based on classroom diversity/needs of individual learners. Activity and notes shall be tailored towards IEP.

Significant Tasks: Lecture is tailored to individual learners via direct instruction, students cooperatively learn in think pair share groups, class works as a whole body in the brainstorming and overall consensus of the concept being taught.

Remediation/Extensions: Have students read and form a skit based on Hammurabi’s Laws (have 3 props that must be incorporated in the skit). Have students examine Hammurabi’s 282 sections of law and interpret fairness in essay form. Students may write an essay explaining the importance of the rule of law.

Reflection/Self-evaluation:

*Examine what went well. Evidence of this would be student engagement, completion of diagrams, lists of terms with appropriate reasoning, and student understanding.

*Reflect on what I would do differently for subsequent classes and subsequent school years. The teacher shall identify and reflect upon what seemed to work and most importantly what did not, in the overall understanding of the learners.

|Name:_________________ Date:_____________ |

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|Examining a Law |

|Choose 5 of Hammurabi's Laws from the A Selection from the Code of Hammurabi worksheet. Carefully read each law you chose and answer the following |

|questions for each law: |

|Who is involved? What are they told to do or not to do? What are the stated consequences of complying or not complying with the law? |

|Law 1: |

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|Law 2: |

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|Law 3: |

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|Law 4: |

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|Law 5: |

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|You may download, print and make copies of these pages for use in your classroom, provided that you include the copyright notice shown below in all such |

|copies. Copyright © 1999 Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved. |

A Selection from the Code of Hammurabi

If a judge try a case, reach a decision, and present his judgment in writing; if later error shall appear in his decision, and it be through his own fault, then he shall pay twelve times the fine set by him in the case, and he shall be publicly removed from the judge's bench, and never again shall he sit there to render judgment.

      If any one owe a debt for a loan, and a storm prostrates the grain, or the harvest fail, or the grain does not grow for lack of water; in that year he need not give his creditor any grain, he washes his debt-tablet in water and pays no rent for this year.

      If any one be too lazy to keep his dam in proper condition, and does not so keep it; if then the dam break and all the fields be flooded, then shall he in whose dam the break occurred be sold for money, and the money shall replace the corn which he has caused to be ruined.

      If any one give another silver, gold, or anything else to keep, he shall show everything to some witness, draw up a contract, and then hand it over for safe keeping.

      If any one place his property with another for safe keeping, and there, either through thieves or robbers, his property and the property of the other man be lost, the owner of the house, through whose neglect the loss took place, shall compensate the owner for all that was given to him in charge. But the owner of the house shall try to follow up and recover his property, and take it away from the thief.

      If a man wish to put his son out of his house, and declare before the judge: "I want to put my son out," then the judge shall examine into his reasons. If the son be guilty of no great fault, for which he can be rightfully put out, the father shall not put him out.

      If a man take a wife, and she be seized by disease, if he then desire to take a second wife he shall not put away his wife, who has been attacked by disease, but he shall keep her in the house which he has built and support her so long as she lives.

If a builder build a house for some one, even though he has not yet completed it; if then the walls seem toppling, the builder must make the walls solid from his own means.

      If a builder build a house for some one, and does not construct it properly, and the house which he built fall in and kill its owner, then that builder shall be put to death.

      If a veterinary surgeon perform a serious operation on an ox, and cure it, the owner shall pay the surgeon one-sixth of a shekel as a fee.

      If he perform a serious operation on an ox, and kill it, he shall pay the owner one-fourth of its value.

You may download, print and make copies of these pages for use in your classroom, provided that you include the copyright notice shown below in all such copies. Copyright © 1999 Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.

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