Lesson 1 | Ecosystems



Name Date Class

Chapter 10 LESSON 1

Ecosystems

Directions: Write the correct term in the boxes to the right of each clue. Then unscramble the letters in the

shaded boxes to spell an eighth term.

|abiotic factor |atmosphere |biotic factor |community |

|ecosystem |habitat |population |population density |

1. all of the ants in a park, for example

2. [pic] for example

3. sunlight or water, for example

4. consists of multiple populations

5. made up of the main components of

nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide

6. a tree or a dead organism, for example

7. includes all of the living and nonliving

parts of the environment in an area

8. When unscrambled, the letters in the shaded boxes spell

, which is the place where an organism lives.

Interactions of Life 1

Name Date Class

Chapter 10 LESSON 1

Ecosystems

A. What is an ecosystem?

1. All the living things and nonliving things in a given area form

a(n) .

2. factors are the nonliving parts of an ecosystem; they

provide that organisms need to survive and reproduce.

a. Sunlight is an important factor because it supplies

for photosynthesis; this process results in the

production of .

b. Sunlight also provides warmth affecting an

ecosystem’s .

c. The atmosphere includes that living things need,

including , oxygen, and

dioxide.

d. is an abiotic factor that is essential for all life

processes that take place in cells, such as photosynthesis and

respiration.

e. Soil is a(n) factor that includes a biotic part called

, which is made up of decayed remains of plants and

animals; soil that is usually has a high humus content.

3. factors are the living or once-living things in an

ecosystem.

B. Habitats

1. The place within an ecosystem that provides food, water, shelter, and other biotic

and abiotic factors an organism needs to survive and reproduce is the

organism’s .

2. Animals have a variety of depending on time of day,

season, or availability of specific resources.

3. Plants have habitats that depend on factors, such as

amount of water or sunlight that is usually available.

2 Interactions of Life

Name Date Class

Lesson Outline continued

4. can disappear if there is a significant change in

biotic or abiotic in an ecosystem; wildfires,

, and flooding are examples of changes that can

habitats.

C. Populations

1. The group that includes all the organisms of the same species that live in the same

area at the same time is known as a(n) ; for example,

all the grass in a vacant lot forms a plant .

2. A(n) is made up of all the populations living in

the same area at the same time; for example, of pigeons,

dandelions, and grasses are part of a vacant-lot community.

3. Overcrowding affects the size of a population because it leads to

and .

a. The size of a population compared to the amount of space available is called the

; it is calculated by dividing the number of

in the population by unit area or volume of space

where the population lives.

b. If a place has a(n) population density, organisms

often live so close together that they aren’t able to get all the

they need to survive; this also allows

to spread more easily, decreasing organisms’ survival.

4. Populations increase when the number of is larger than

the number of .

5. Changes in the biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem can force organisms to

die out or to .

Interactions of Life 3

Name Date Class

Chapter 10 LESSON 1

Ecosystems

Directions: Complete the crossword puzzle with the correct terms from the word bank.

|abiotic factor |biotic factor |community |

|ecosystem |habitat |population density |

Across

3. all the living and nonliving things in

the environment in a given area

4. the area within an ecosystem that

provides food, water, shelter, and other

biotic and abiotic factors an organism

needs to survive and reproduce

6. a nonliving part of an ecosystem

Down

1. all the populations living in an

ecosystem at the same time

2. the size of a population compared to

the amount of space available

5. a living or once-living thing in an

ecosystem

Interactions of Life 4

Name Date Class

Chapter 10 LESSON 1

Ecosystems

Key Concept What are the similarities and differences between the abiotic and biotic parts

of an ecosystem?

Directions: On the line before each term, write A if the term represents an abiotic factor or B if the term represents

a biotic factor.

1. bacteria

2. soil

3. fallen leaves

4. plants

5. sunlight

6. water

7. decayed animal matter

8. animals

9. atmosphere

Directions: Answer each question on the lines provided.

10. What are abiotic factors?

11. What are biotic factors?

12. How are abiotic factors and biotic factors alike? How are they different?

5 Interactions of Life

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