TREVOR’S TRIVIA 1998



TOSSUPS -- ROUND 1 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

1. She was made a saint in 1920, nearly 500 years after her death. She was of humble birth and had no military background, but she played a pivotal role in the latter stages of the Hundred Years’ War. Claiming to have seen visions at age 17, she took upon herself the burden of freeing France. FTP, name the Maid of Orleans. [Joan of Arc, or Jeanne d’Arc]

2. It states that in any process the total change in energy of the system is numerically equal to the heat absorbed by the system minus the work done by the system. FTP which law of thermodynamics is this? [first]

3. It’s the name of an Appalachian folk song in which “it’s mourning for its own true love just like I mourn for mine.” It’s also the novel featuring lost love Clara, unacknowledged son Newt, and best friends Augustus McCrea and Woodrow F. Call, two former Texas Rangers on a cattle drive to Montana. FTP name this Pulitzer Prize-winning novel by Larry McMurtry. [Lonesome Dove]

4. He failed as a schoolmaster and a chicken farmer; for years he lived off his mistress’ income. Widely seen as weak and colorless, he nonetheless survived a series of ambituous subordinates such as Heydrich and Eichmann by making sure he kept Hitler happy. He persuaded himself that the Allies would accept him as head of an anti-Soviet postwar Germany, but when captured by the British he killed himself before they saw through his disguise. FTP name the most banal of the Nazis, head of the SS and the Gestapo. [Heinrich Himmler]

5. He and his gang successfully toppled a rival gang including Fatz, Dook Laroo, and Mitzi Mozzarella and led by the notorious Billy Bob. His cohorts include Helen, Jasper, Munch, and Pasqually. FTP name the spokesman and titular figurehead of the franchise chain that bought out Showbiz and thus monopolized the market for noisy arcade games, birthday parties, and woefully overpriced pizza. [Chuck E. Cheese]

6. At the age of 19 this shoemaker's apprentice rebelled against the established church and began his wandering preaching. Condemning church formalism and ties to the state, he was often jailed and routinely beaten for refusing to doff his hat to anyone. In the late 17th century he traveled to Barbados, Jamaica, Holland, Germany, and the American colonies, sometimes with such followers as Robert Barclay and William Penn. FTP name the founder of the Society of Friends, or Quakers. [George Fox]

7. Interiors, September, Alice, Stardust Memories, Love and Death, Manhattan, Crimes & Misdemeanors, Bananas, Zelig, Radio Days, and Annie Hall are all films directed by this man originally born with the surname Konigsberg. FTP who is he? [Woody Allen]

8. A tribal leader is banished for seven years for accidentally killing a kinsman. He returns to find his village subject to colonial laws and Christian influence. The leader, Okonkwo, kills a British messenger but finds his tribesmen will not support him and hangs himself in despair. FTP name this 1958 novel by Chinua Achebe. [Things Fall Apart]

9. They quarreled frequently and had several flops, among them The Grand Duke, Thespis, and The Yeomen of the Guard. In fact, opening night audiences actually booed Ruddigore and were indifferent to Iolanthe. FTP name the team that luckily made enough money off The Mikado and H.M.S. Pinafore. [W.S. Gilbert & Arthur Sullivan]

10. Theories proposed to define and describe this include Robinson’s non-standard analysis, A.L. Cauchy’s regime of rigor, and the work of Weierstrass on existence theorems, Cantor on general set theory, and Peano on mathematical logic. Peano brought things full circle, since one of this field’s founders was also a logic freak. FTP name this branch of mathematics, proposed independently in different forms by Leibnitz and Newton. [calculus]

11. Currently people in Russia are hoarding dollars & spending rubles to get rid of them. However, Elizabeth I's master of the mint would tell them that bad money drives out good. FTP, name this law of economics.

Answer: Gresham's law

12. The word is Hebrew for "circuit". It was the name of a city in Manasseh assigned to the family of Gershon in the Old Testament, as well as part of the plateau of Barshan between Mt. Hermon and the Wadi el-Yarmuk east of the Jordan. Because Syrian artillery routinely shelled Israel from the hills there, Israel has kept the portion that it seized during the Six Day War. FTP name this small occupied territory.

[Golan or Golan Heights]

13. The term was introduced in 1878 by Wilhelm Friedrich Kuhne. James Batcheller Sumner was the first to crystallize a pure one, jackbean urease, in 1926. FTP name this class of conjugated proteins that serve as biochemical catalysts. [enzyme(s)]

14. He’s reputed to haunt the house in New York's Hudson Valley where Alan Jay Lerner stayed while writing My Fair Lady. Although embarrassed by the losses at Paoli's Massacre and the confusion at Germantown, he drew praise for his roles in the battles of Three Rivers, Brandywine, Monmouth, and Stony Point. More cautious than his nickname implied, he returned to military service some years later and pacified the Old Northwest. FTP name this Revolutionary War Hero, for whom a fort in northern Indiana was named. [Anthony Wayne]

16 His rap sheet included arrests in 1918 and in 1961 for pacifist demonstrations. He was disappointed by the lukewarm reception of his last major philosophical work, Human Knowledge, but won the Nobel Prize for Literature 2 years later. FTP name the author of Analysis of Mind, Mysticism and Logic, and The Problems of Psychology, who also collaborated with Alfred North Whitehead on Principia Mathematica. [Bertrand Russell]

17. Reputedly the illegitimate son of Talleyrand, he saw himself as anti-Romantic and disliked the work of contemporaries Hugo, Balzac, and Berlioz. He only achieved acclaim late in life, long after he had painted both his Medeas, Death of Sardanapalus, and Algerian Women at Home. FTP name the artist of the 1830 masterpiece Liberty on the Barricades. [Eugene Delacroix]

20) One of the lesser news stories from Nov. 22, 1963, was the death in Califormia of this influential British author at the age of 69 (insert joke here). He wrote in nearly all genres -- poetry ("The Burning Wheel", "The Cicadas"); short story (LIMBO, BRIEF CANDLES); and biography (GREY EMINENCE). But he is best known for his novels, most especially a futuristic one about a world consulate, headed by Mustapha Mond, controlling genetic identity and how an outsider, John Savage, eventually rebels in disgust to the human intervention of all that is natural. FTP, name the author of BRAVE NEW WORLD.

ans: Aldous Huxley

20. In 1894, as part of the Wilson-Gorman Tariff, the US Congress passed a law which was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court one year later in Pollock v. Farmers’ Loan and Trust Company. Congress responded by offering an amendment to the Constitution. To the chagrin of millions of Americans, the 16th Amendment became law in 1913. For ten points, what did this amendment empower the federal government to collect—sometimes at midnight on April 15.? Progressive INCOME TAX

20 They are the metallic salts of the fatty acids and can be prepared by boiling a fat with sodium hydroxide. For examples, if you boiled glyceryl stearate with sodium hydroxide, it would yied glycerine plus one of these compounds with the formula C17H35COONa. They lower the surface tension of grease films, which explains their cleaning properties. FTP name this common class of compounds. [soaps; do not accept detergents.]

His first name is Wilfred. His nemesis is Sir Brian de Bois-Guilbert, a Knight Templar who works with henchman Front-de-Boeuf in an attempt to win the love of the beautiful Jewess Rebecca. His father is Cedric of Rotherwood, and Cedric’s ward Rowena is his love interest. FTP name the title character and you’ve named this novel by Sir Walter Scott. Answer: Ivanhoe

21. Alan Turing, Michael Cretu, and Edward Elgar may seem to have nothing in common, but Turing broke this code, Elgar wrote these variations, and Cretu with his wife Sandra went by this name when they recorded songs like Sadeness and Return to Innocence. FTP what is the common term which means a riddle or mystery? [enigma]

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 2 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

1. He had some international renown as a chemist but became better known for his hobby, music. Unlike his mentor Balakirev, he seldom quoted actual folk music but instead composed original music embodying a folk style. FTP name the composer of the symphonic poem “In the Steppes of Central Asia” and the opera _Prince Igor_. [Alexander Borodin]

2. If the only work done is a change of volume at constant pressure, the change in this quantity equals the heat transferred to the system. It is defined as internal energy plus pressure times volume. FTP, name this thermodynamic quantity symbolized by a capital H. [enthalpy; prompt on “heat”]

3. While a medical student at Natal University he became the first president of the South African Students Organization. In 1972 he became honorary president of a coalition of over 70 black organizations, the Black People’s Convention. The next year he was placed under a banning order, with even greater restrictions added in 1975. FTP name this moderate activist, who became a cause celebre thanks to white journalist Donald Woods’ expose of his 1977 death while in police custody. [Stephen Biko]

4. David wrote A Journal of a Cruise Made to the Pacific Ocean 1812-1814, later used as source material for Herman Melville. William Trotter edited the Spirit of the Times. Gene Stratton wrote A Girl of the Limberlost. Edwin wrote and directed The Great Train Robbery, and Eleanor wrote Pollyanna. For 10 points, identify the last names of these American authors, a last name shared by the authors of Flowering Judas, “I Get a Kick Out of You,” and The Gift of the Magi. ANSWER: Porter

5. Its discovery is credited to Rhazes, circa A.D. 900. Used in the manufacture of ceramics and flameproofing compounds, it has four allotrophic forms, the most common of which is a hard, extremely brittle sliver-white crystalline material. Its name comes from the Greek for “opposed to solitude,” but its abbreviation comes from the Latin for that crystalline mineral form, stibium. FTP name this metal, atomic number 51. [antimony]

6. A pupil of Henri Bergson, he believed that the ultimate good was the passionate and often tragic search for freedom. The conflict between flesh and spirit was a recurring theme in his novels, such as _Toda Raba_, _The Greek Passion_, and _The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel_. FTP name the author of _The Last Temptation of Christ_ and _Zorba the Greek._ [Nikos Kazantzakis]

COMBINE:

He wrote lyric and epic poetry including The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel but is best known for his novels, the first of which was Toda Raba. FTP name the author of The Greek Passion, The Last Temptation Of Christ, and Zorba The Greek. Nikos Kazantzakis

7. He used war and intrigue for personal gain, ending his career with defeat by the same Moors he’d served as a soldier of fortune. He served the Moors only because he’d been exiled for suspected treachery despite great success in the service of Sancho II and Alfonso VI of Castile. FTP name this 11th century Spanish warrior, whose real name was Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar. [El Cid; accept early buzz with Diaz]

8. “I have been assured... that a young, healthy child well nursed is, at a year old, a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled...” This is an excerpt from one of the most scathing satires of all time, an indictment of the callousness of the English to the “Irish problem.” FTP name this 1729 pamphlet by Jonathan Swift. [“A Modest Proposal”]

9. He collaborated with architect Louis Kahn on the design for his institute in La Jolla, CA. Older and more established researchers resented his success and, after Cutter Laboratories prepared one faulty batch of his vaccine, most U.S. health agencies switched to the live-virus version of rival Albert Sabin. FTP name this biochemist, who in 1954 developed the first polio vaccine. [Jonas Salk]

10. One of only two Southern Senators to oppose the Kansas-Nebraska Act, as governor he opposed calling a state secession convention and vetoed the bill affiliating Texas with the Confederacy. This was the last major act of a career that also involved two terms as a Tennessee Congressman. FTP name this man, who between service as governor of two different states also served as President of another country -- the Republic of Texas. [Sam Houston]

11. It is ironic that his works were placed on the Index by the Council of Trent, since he was unsympathetic to the Reformation and attacked Luther. He was critical of church abuses and argued for a return to Christian pietism. FTP name this Renaissance humanist, author of _Moriae Encomium_, or _In Praise of Folly._ [Desiderius Erasmus]

12. It has been described as "between man's grasp and his reach, between science and superstition, between the pit of his fears and the sunlight of his knowledge." This description was first stated on Sept. 29, 1961, by its creator -- and is repeated at the beginning of every episode. FTP identify this Rod Serling creation. [The Twilight Zone]

13. Its mission was modified by the Landrum-Griffin Act and the Taft-Hartley Act to include investigation of prohibited union activities. The Taft-Hartley Act also expanded its membership to five but removed its power to prosecute. Established in 1935, it gained credibility in a victory over Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp. with a landmark 1937 Supreme Court decision. FTP name this government body, brainchild of New York Sen. Robert Wagner. [the NLRB or National Labor Relations Board]

14. Later in life he moved to Marion, VA, where he bought and published two newspapers -- one Democrat, the other Republican. He wrote the novels Windy McPherson’s Song and Poor White and the story collections Horses and Men and The Triumph of the Egg. FTP name this early 20th century writer, best known for his 1919 novel Winesburg, Ohio. [Sherwood Anderson]

15. It’s named for the 17th century explorer and naturalist who first described its abundant bird life, although its Whooping Crane Pond no longer contains whooping cranes. After the Union captured Fort Walker the white plantation owners fled, and it wasn’t until the bridge across Calibogue Sound and Shull Creek was built in the mid -’50’s that it attracted many newcomers. FTP name the largest of the U.S.’s Atlantic sea islands, a popular South Carolina golf and tennis resort. [Hilton Head Island]

16. In the 1880's David McConnell, a door-to-door book salesman, enticed customers to listen to his pitch by giving them a complimentary gift. When the gift, a vial of perfume which he made himself, proved more popular than the books, he launched the California Perfume Co. and recruited others to do the selling for him. FTP name the cosmetics empire McConnell founded, which he renamed because his New York hometown was often compared to Shakespeare's Stratford. [Avon]

17. “A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, to be ultimately at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be.” This was the core concept of this Brooklyn native’s influential 1954 book _Motivation and Personality_, which examined the ultimate goal of self-actualization as well as other motivations that had to be satisfied before one could pursue it. FTP name this proponent of humanistic psychology who described the five-tiered hierarchy of needs. [Abraham Maslow]

18. Antaea, wife of King Proteus, fell in love with this man, but since she was married he rejected her. She then spitefully accused him of rape, and demanded her husband avenge her honor. Proteus sent him to Lycia for punishment by the king (Antaea's father), who sent him out to kill a great beast (this is Greek mythology, after all). When he surprisingly wasn't killed, he proceeded to conquer Solymi and the Amazons. For 10 points, name this hero, who slew the Chimera astride Pegasus. [Bellerophon]

19. After 3 years of studies at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, he traveled to Spain in 1869; the realism of Goya and Velasquez influenced his style. He modeled some sculpture, including 2 reliefs on the battle monument at Trenton, N.J., but is better known for his paintings. FTP name the artist of "Whistling for Plovers", "The Chess Players", "Max Schmitt in a Single Scull", and "The Gross Clinic". [Thomas Eakins]

20. Don’t you just love it when faulty data inspires the correct answer? Such is the case with inaccurate 19th century longitude determinations, especially for Greenland. The conclusions drawn from the ratty data have since been supported by the discovery of a fossil amphibian in Antarctica, the structure of the continental shelves, and the discovery of the mid-oceanic rift. FTP name this theory, proposed in 1912 by Greenland expert Alfred Wegener. [continental drift]

21. Lamarck begins publishing his _Natural History of Invertebrates_. Lord Byron marries Anne Milbanke. Stephen Decatur captures two Algerian ships and guarantees safe U.S. passage through the Mediterranean. The Corn Laws are passed. The eruption of Mt. Tambora in Indonesia kills some 12,000 people. And the Battles of New Orleans and Waterloo are fought. FTP name the year. [1815]

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 3 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

1) The entry for this mammal in the Encyclopedia Britannica almost fits. In many ways, Rick Steiner does resemble "a small, squat, broad bear". We assume that Robert Traylor has "strong teeth", and Elvis Grbac appears to have "short ears". But Ali Haji-Sheikh's legs are not "short and somewhat bowed", and Gerald Ford’s coat isn't "blackish brown with a light brown stripe extending from each side of the neck along the body to the base of the tail." And we won't even consider whether Chris Webber "has anal glands that secrete an unpleasant-smelling fluid." For 10 points, what college mascot, species Gulo gulo, have we been describing? ANSWER: Wolverine

2) She was an art tutor to Louis XVI's sister, Elisabeth, which, of course, made her a royalist. Thus, during the Reign of Terror, she was tossed into prison, where her job was to make death masks from the recently severed heads she found at the business end of a guillotine. Out of prison by 1795, she moved to England in 1802,taking her sons with her, finally settling down on Baker Street. For 10 points, name this woman, born Marie Grosholtz, whose lasting fame rests on her ability to mold figures in wax. Madame Tussaud

He instituted a reform of land distribution, made the Ecclesia (or, assembly) the sovereign body, and completely reformed the law code of Draco. In gratitude for this last service, especially, later historians included him in the list of the Seven Wise Men of Greece. FTP name this poet and archon of 594 B.C., whose name is used today as a flattering term for any legislator. Solon

21. The director of the Sorbonne from 1895 to 1911, he collaborated with Théodore Simon in developing scales for the measurement of intelligence and educational achievement of children. FTP name this psychologist, s one of two namesakes of a famous intelligence test. Alfred Binet

5) He and his brother John made the earliest systematic use of nuclear reactors for cancer therapy. His greatest work was inspired by Eddington’s suggestion that stars might derive their energy from nuclear reactions. In 1929 he devised the principle of accelerating charged particles in a strong magnetic field using radio frequency power. FTP name this man, whose cyclotron won him the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physics.

ANSWER: Ernest O. Lawrence

6) Hearing that Reinhard Scheer had left port and was sailing into the Skaggerak, David Beatty led his force of battle cruisers in pursuit of a similar fleet, commanded by Fritz von Hipper. After heavy losses, Beatty fled to the main British fleet, followed by the full thrust of the German fleet. When the main fleets met, the British seemed to have the advantage, so Scheer headed back to port; however, the British admiral John Jellicoe had outflanked him, and Scheer had to run through the British fleet to get to port. FTP identify this naval battle, the only major encounter between the British and Germans in WWI. ANSWER: Battle of Jutland

18) The word seems to have derived from a variant of a verb (dating from Biblical times) meaning to hit or strike, with an Irish diminutive ending appended at the end. According to the OED, it was first used in 1829 by Griffin, and its meaning has not varied since then. For a quick 10 points, identify this 11-letter word, meaning small fragments, from which Jim Babjak, Dennis Diken, Mike Mesaros, and lead singer Pat Dinizio took the name of their band, which had two top 40 hits -- Blood and Roses and A Girl Like You.

ANSWER: Smithereens

9) More specifically, it is a self-governing group of islands in the Pacific, with a total of 271 square miles on four islands: Kosrae, Truk, Yap, and Ponape, on which the capital city of Kolonia sits. Less specifically, it is an ethnogeographic grouping of Pacific islands, comprising the above mentioned four, as well as Kiribati, Nauru,

the Northern Marianas, the Marshall Islands, Palau, and Guam. For 10 points, give the 10-letter name that confusingly describes both of these island groups. ANSWER: Micronesia

15) It stimulates the smooth muscles of the bronchi to contract, so it can bring on symptoms of asthma. Or it can increase peristalsis in the stomach, or decrease the capacity of the bladder. But it was the effect of slowing down heart rate that first attracted the attention of Otto Loewi in 1921, research for which he won the 1936 Nobel in Physiology/Medicine. For 10 points, identify this ester, chemical formula C7H16NO2+, which also plays an important role in memory and cognition and is in abnormally short supply in Alzheimer's patients.

ANSWER: Acetylcholine

17. To a willowy brook with fantastic garlands did she come of crow-flowers, nettles, daisies, and long purples. This after her final utterances about plants - pansies for thoughts & rosemary for remembrance. FTP, name this drowned daughter of Polonius in Hamlet. Answer: Ophelia

19. It begins with an allegro con brio with twin oboes as counterpoints. It then becomes a marcia funebre. Its finale is presto. This composition in E flat major was originally dedicated to Napoleon. FTP, name this symphony of Beethoven. Answer: Eroica or Third Symphony

1. Under the first administration of President Bill Clinton, this woman served as the permanent US delegate to the United Nations’ Security Council. She is now the highest ranking female in the government and the first woman to be Secretary of State. Name her.

Madeline ALBRIGHT

2. He was influential to a wide range of future luminaries, from Thomas Mann and Jean-Paul Sartre to Adolf Hitler. In his mature works he saw as the central driving force behind human existence the will to power, which explains why that’s the title of one of his works. And Monty Python says there’s nothing he couldn’t each you about the raising of the wrist. FTP name this Prussian-born philosopher whose other works include "Thus Spoke Zarathustra." Answer: Friedrich Nietzsche

7. One of those who tries to examine its curse is a daguerrotypist who fancies Phoebe. Nevertheless, Clifford gets linked to murder near Maule's Well, but the end of Judge Jaffrey Pyncheon leads to a happy ending for Hepzibah & Holgrave. FTP, name this titular domicile of a Hawthorne novel.

Answer: The House of the Seven Gables

4. There is one God who is infinite; repetition of his name helps conquer evil. Charity, worship, and hard work should be the ethical conduct of life. All humans are created equal, and castes are created by man to retain the superiority of a few. To achieve salvation, it is essential to have a spiritual mentor, or guru. These are among the tenets set forth by Nanak in the founding of, FTP, what religion, whose holy city is Amritsar? [Sikhism]

15. In 1928 she gave up her ten-year journalistic career and moved to the rural Cross Creek near Gainesville, FL. There she got the inspiration for such acclaimed stories as “Gal Young’un” and “Jacob’s Ladder.” FTP name this author, winner of a Pulitzer Prize for The Yearling. [Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings]

19. His first full-length novel, My Uncle Oswald, was a bizarre tale about a black market for the sperm of the brilliant and powerful. Before that novel’s 1979 release he had almost 40 years of experience writing short stories in such collections as Over to You and Switch Bitch. He also wrote the screen adaptations of two dramatically different Ian Fleming novels, You Only Live Twice and Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. FTP name the author of The Witches, James and the Giant Peach, and Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. [Roald Dahl]

3. In 1832 as a 2nd lieutenant, he was one of Black Hawk's personal escorts from Wisconsin to Missouri. In 1835, he established the plantation of Brierfield near Vicksburg. He served Pierce as Secretary of War, but is best remembered for his presidency of the Confederacy. FTP, name him. Answer: Jefferson Davis

24. Problem 14 of the Moscow Papyrus provides a demonstration of the calculation of the volume of this object. The volume can be calculated by the formula V equals H over 3 times the quantity A squared plus AB plus B squared, where H is the vertical height, A is the length of a side of the base, and B is the length of a side of the top; if B equals zero, then the volume of a regular square pyramid results. FTP, name this object created when the top is removed from a square pyramid. _frustum_ (prompt on truncated pyramid)

14. Her parents were vaudeville entertainers, and she followed in their footsteps touring in her youth with a family singing act. Her voice and stage presence were noticed by Louis Mayer, who signed her to a film contract with MGM in 1935. The next year she made her film debut in "Every Sunday." Other films include "Love Finds Andy Hardy," "Babes in Arms," and “Meet Me in St. Louis.” FTP, name this actress and singer, whose real name is Frances Gumm, and who is best known to the world as Dorothy Gale from Kansas. Answer: Judy Garland

21. One Spanish conquistador reported that he had visited this legendary ruler in a city called Omagua. Other legends tell that he was a king near Bogota who would coat his body with gold dust. FTP, identify this legendary king, whose name was often used for his legendary gold-rich capital. Answer: Eldorado

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 4 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

8. Originally a student of zoology at Trinity College, Cambridge, he wrote eighteen papers on entomological subjects even after switching to literature. In 1940 he moved to the US, became a US citizen in 1945 and in 1948 he settled down for eleven years as professor of Russian literature at Cornell. His first novel, The Real Life of Sebastian Knight (1941) was followed by Bend Sinister six years later. Pnin, (1957) is a portrait of the New World as seen through the lugubrious eyes of an Old World professor of entomology. FTP who is this Russian born novelist who is best remembered for his story of a middle-aged European's physical obsession with a twelve-year old American girl, Dolores Hayes, otherwise known as Lolita? Vladimir Nabokov

9. Juan Manuel de Ayala explored the island and gave it the Spanish name for the Isle of the Pelicans. In 1969 a group of Native Americans occupied the in an effort to gain recognition of their claim. Unlike previous inhabitants they were forced off. FTP, name this island formerly a home to federal prison.

Answer: Alcatraz

15. Eastern legend holds he was a converted pagan warrior named Reprobus who died of torture rather than deny his faith. The most famous version of this saint holds that he was a giant who carried the infant Jesus across a river. With each step, the child became heavier, representing the weight of the world. But about 30 years ago the Vatican dropped him from the canon, expressing doubts about his existence. FTP, identify this now-decommissioned but still popular patron saint of travelers. Answer: Saint Christopher

12) In his unpublished 1796 pamphlet "The Crisis", he argued that England’s new Poor Laws, setting up workhouses and such, were a good idea. By 1820, he’d focused his attention on economic distress, arguing that public works projects and private luxury investment would increase demand and thus prosperity and (anticipating Keynes) that saving "pushed to excess, would destroy the motive to production. FTP name this gloomy economist, whose most long-lasting work repudiated those workhouses, stating that the growth of population will always tend to outrun the growth of production. ANSWER: Thomas Malthus

8. He was the daimyo of Mikawa & supported the ascension of Nobunaga. When Hideyoshi took control of Edo, he again lent his support. However, at the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he was able to seize power as the

undisputed shogun of Japan. FTP, name him. Answer: Tokugawa Ieyasu; accept Ieyasu

9. The one on the left stands looking to her right, with one hand against the wall, her face in shadow. The next looks directly outward, with her right arm behind her head & her lower body draped in white. The next has both arms above her head & the same drapery. The two on the right have much more distorted faces, & their nude bodies are much more depicted as cubes. FTP, name this 1907 painting by Picasso.

Answer: Les Demoiselles d'Avignon

19) The kids in PBS' Ghostwriter attend a school named for this woman. A puipil of Franz Boas, she began professional life as an ethnologist, traveling to Haiti to study voodoo. However, she eventually rejected the detached, scientific viewpoint in favor of a more personal involvement with her heritage; works include her autobiography Dust Tracks on a Road. For 10 points, identify this Harlem Renaissance author of the 1937 novel Their Eyes Were Watching God. ANSWER: Zora Neale Hurston

20) Timing, they say, is everything. In 1676, a French physicist and plant physiologist named Edme Mariotte published a work called "Discourse on the Nature of Air", in which he released the results of years of research,

that if there is no change in the temperature of a gas, then the volume of that gas varies inversely with its pressure. This is why the French often refer to this as Mariotte's Law, while the rest of the world thinks of it, for 10 points, in conjunction with what English scientist, who discovered the same relationship 14 years earlier?

COMBINE ANSWER: Robert Boyle (accept Boyle's law before "scientist")

His last posthumous work -- Free Discourse on Swearing -- was dedicated by his publisher to the author's brother, the second Earl of Cork. He constructed an air pump with Robert Hooke. FTP who did experiments on air and described the relationship at constant temperature between the volume and pressure of a gas? Robert Boyle

1. It is a blue-white star (spectral type B7 V) of 1.35 magnitude. This star also gives its name to a local group dwarf elliptical galaxy. Also called Kabeleced, HR 3982, & Alpha Leonis, it is the brightest star in Leo. FTP, name it. Answer: Regulus

13. His Canada Act led to representative institutions for English- and French-speaking Canada. He also established the colonization of Australia, & proposed toleration of Catholics. He is remembered for his tenure as

Prime Minister after the loss of the American colonies. FTP, name him.

Answer: William Pitt the Younger

14. It all started in the house of Cephalus in Piraeus. The next day, Timaeus Hermocrates & Critias hear what Glaucon, Polemarchus, & others could learn from Socrates about an ideal state. FTP, name this work of

Plato. Answer: The Republic

15. Of all the Major Leaguers in the baseball playoffs this year, Jay Powell of the Astros, Felix Heredia of the Cubs, Moises Alou of the Astros, & Kevin Brown of the Padres all won the World Series last year before being

jettisoned by - FTP - what team? Answer: Florida Marlins (accept either part)

6. Of the family Varanidae, it was almost driven to extinction because of collectors, and is now a protected species. Living in burrows up to 9 meters deep, these lizards reproduce by laying eggs which hatch in April or May, after which the newly hatched young live in trees for several months. Living mostly on carrion, they are typically 10 feet in length, 300 pounds, and can live up to 100 years of age. FTP, name these lizards of the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia, the largest extant lizard species. Komodo dragon

7. This leader, whose most famous pseudonym means "Enlightener", was born on May 19, 1890, in Kimlien, Annam, and at the age of 21 became a cook on a French steamship. Using the name Nguyen the Patriot, he helped found the French Communist Party, and in 1930 founded the Indochinese Communist Party. He died in 1969, but not before he declared himself president of a French colony, won the battle of Dien Bien Phu, and led his country into war with the United States. FTP, name this communist leader for whom Saigon is now named. _Ho_ Chi Minh (or _Nguyen Tat Thanh_)

9. This compound is an excellent solvent for rubber, gums, fats, and many resins. Since 1950 it has been prepared from petroleum, but historically it has been obtained chiefly from coke-oven gas. Known to cause leukemia after long exposure, it was named in 1845 by A.W. von Hofmann, 20 years after it was discovered in illuminating gas made form whale oil by Michael Faraday. Although amended to take into account Pauling's resonance hybrid theory, its basic structure is still held to be the hexagonal formula proposed by Kekule. FTP, name this simplest aromatic hydrocarbon, with formula C6H6. benzene

. Commissioned in 1942, it was a collaboration with Martha Graham as a suite in one of her ballets. It was conceived for a chamber orchestra of 13 instruments, and won the Pullitzer Prize for Music. The suite is in eight sections, presenting the story of a bride and her intended first at a barn dance and then settled in their new home. For ten points, name this work, perhaps the best known by Aaron Copland.

Appalachian Spring

23. This author's tales "Ingenue of the Sierras" and "A Protegee of Jack Hamlin's" won him acclaim in England after his popularity had waned in the United States. A part-founder and editor of “The Overland Monthly”,

this author’s rise to fame had begun with the release of his "Condensed Novels", which parodied the works of Cooper, Dickens, and Hugo, and continued with the publication of the poem "Plain Language From Truthful

James". FTP, name this master of local-color fiction who described life during the California gold rush in "The Outcasts of Poker Flat" and "The Luck of Roaring Camp". (Francis) Bret _Harte_

17.) He was a cast member of Fridays, the short-lived ABC answer to Saturday Night Live. In Weird Al Yankovic’s film UHF he played the moronic janitor who wound up hosting a kiddie show. He also had bit parts in Problem Child and Airheads and a more substantial role in Unstrung Heroes. FTP name this perfector of the goofy entrance as Cosmo Kramer on Seinfeld. [Michael Richards]

“There lived in Westphalia, at the country seat of Baron Thunder-ten-tronckh, a young lad blessed by nature with the most agreeable manners.” Later in his adventures the eponymous hero of this novel is

flogged at an auto-da-fe in Lisbon, travels to the New World, and discovers the lost city of Eldorado with his faithful servant, Cacambo. FTP, what is this 1758 novel, subtitled 'Optimism', in which the author, through the

character of Dr Pangloss, lampoons the philosophy of Leibniz? Candide

21. This first and last name appear often in fiction -- a San Francisco chandler who supplies the Norah Creina in Robert Louis Stevenson’s "The Wrecker"; a glove maker at whose lodgings Clarissa Harlowe dies in Samuel Richardson’s "Clarissa”; and a master mason whose social status advances with the professional success of his architect son Stephen in Thomas Hardy’s "A Pair of Blue Eyes". FTP give this name, whose many real life holders include the captain of the Jamestown militia whose life was spared by the intervention of Pocahontas.

John Smith

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 5 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

7. They were originally organized to opposed the New York government over their territory, for a time declaring an independent republic. During the American Revolution, they helped win the Battle of Bennington and seized Crown Point. FTP, identify this group of Vermont soldiers who also seized Fort Ticonderoga.

Answer: Green Mountain Boys

13. While a student at the University of Kazan, his brother was executed by the Tsar. He was later exiled from the country for his own revolutionary activities. He slipped back into Russia from Switzerland on a train the Germans would allow to cross its borders only if it was sealed. His best known work was The State and Revolution. FTP, name this issuer of the April Theses, the first ruler of Soviet Russia. V.I. Lenin

17. Claire skipped school to go shopping; Brian was caught with a gun flare, which had gone off in his locker; Andrew taped Larry Lester's buns together; Bender pulled the firm alarm; and Allison didn't have anything better to do. Mr. Vernon forces these Shermer High School students to spend their Saturdays in detention in the library, and to write essays about themselves. FTP, name this 1985 film directed by John Hughes and starring Ally Sheedy and Molly Ringwald, among others. The Breakfast Club

18. A member of the kingdom protista and phylum bacillarrophyte, almost all of these are single-celled algae. They are an important source of food for plankton. For ten points, name these protists, who have hard, silica cell walls and flourish in the cold waters of the Northern Pacific. DIATOMS

19. One of this poet's friends, Edward King, died after spending five years in veritable seclusion, preparing to write and epic poem. As a result, this poet elegized his friend in the poem "Lycidas". FTP, name this poet whose works include the sonnet "When I Consider How My Light Is Spent", and his own epic poem, Paradise Lost? John Milton (Acc: Johannes Miltoni, Summa Poeta)

15. As the Joker might have said, where did he get all those marvelous toys? The magical shield came from Athena, the winged sandals from Hermes, and Hades gave him the helmet which made the wearer invisible at will. In the first recorded golden shower, he was conceived when Zeus came to his mother Danae as a shower of golden rain. FTP name this hero, whose greatest feat was the beheading of Medusa. Perseus

21. In chemistry it's the splitting of a molecule into simpler molecules; in biology it's a series of synchronous cell divisions, either radial or spiral, which changes the zygote into a multicellular organism; in geometry it's the capacity for a crystallized substance or rock to split along definite planes. Finally, in popular culture it's the depression between a woman's mammary glands. FTP, name the term. cleavage

5. The emotions of this painting are evident in the bold attitudes of the people contrasted with the lifeless figures of the dead heaped up in the foreground. The artist, who had been a member of the National Guard, took pleasure in portraying himself on the left side wearing a top hat. Considered the first political work of modern painting, it celebrates July 28, 1830, the day on which the last Bourbon king was dethroned. FTP, identify this painting whose central figure is a half-naked woman wearing a cap of liberty and carrying a tricolor French flag. Liberty Leading the People

18. Born in Aracataca, a small town in the Columbian Caribbean coast, he was raised by his grandparents. His left wing views angered conservative dictators, and he spent the 1960s and 1970s in exile in Mexico. In the early 1980s, he was invited back to Columbia, and in 1982 he won the Nobel Prize for Literature. For 10 points, name this man who wrote No One Writes to the Colonel and Love in the Time of Cholera. ANSWER: Gabriel Garcia Marquez (prompt for more on either Garcia or Marquez)

12. Streetlife Serenader. Storm Front. The Bridge. The Nylon Curtain. 52nd Street. FTP name the man who recorded these albums, as well as An Innocent Man, River of Dreams, and Piano Man. Billy Joel

19. He had drawn a diagram in the sand, and begged a soldier not to destroy it. This angered the soldier who then killed him with his spear. This had occurred after a siege of Syracuse, which he helped to defend by designing adjustable catapults. After publishing a book he was particularly proud of, he had a sketch of a sphere inscribed in a cylinder carved on his tombstone. For 10 points, name this mathematician famous for shouting “Eureka”on his discovery of the principle of buoyancy. ANSWER: Archimedes

1. Like Freud, he believed that the mind had both conscious and unconscious parts. Once a favorite student of Freud, they had a sharp and bitter break when their views clashed. He divided the unconscious mind into two layers. The first layer, called the personal unconscious, was organized in terms of complexes. For 10 points, name this psychologist known for suggesting that the second layer, called the collective unconscious, contained memories and behavior inherited from our ancestors. ANSWER: Carl Jung

10. This range lies near the Rif Range. The rivers Moulouya & the Sebou flow near it. The tallest mountain in the range is Jebel Toubkal, which is the highest mountain in North Africa. FTP, name this Moroccan mountain range, which shares its name with the figure in Greek mythology who’d be supporting them.. Answer: Atlas

4. He advocated an independent black economy within the framework of white capitalism, backing his words by establishing Negro Factories Corporation and the Black Star Line. Controversial due to support of the KKK, he was indicted for mail fraud in 1922, after which Coolidge had him deported. He’d come to the U. S. from Jamaica in 1916, and 3 years later was known as the “Black Moses” due to a following of 2,000,000. FTP name the founder of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Marcus (Mozaih) Garvey

6. These are any particle that has integer spin measured in the units of h-bar (spin=0, 1, 2...). They are associated with the force fields, carrier particles, & include mesons. FTP, name this class of particles that do not follow the Pauli Exclusion principle & are often paired with fermions. Answer: bosons

12. Because Mr. Whitaker & Stella-Ronda done separated. Because Mama & Papa-Daddy done drove me crazy. Because Uncle Rondo can kiss my foot, & because China Grove, Mississippi just don't suit me. Because I hope I get a postcard. These are the reasons that the narrator has in a short story by Eudora Welty. FTP, name it.

Answer: Why I Live at the P.O.

21. This king just couldn't get along with anybody; he ordered the death of his nephew Prince Arthur, a rival to the throne supported by Philip II of France, who consequently conquered all of England's continental territories except AquitaIne. After this failure, he refused to receive Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury, resulting in England being placed under papal interdict and this king being excommunicated. The oppressive government of this son of Henry II nicknamed Lackland provoked baronial opposition, which led to a historical meeting at Runnymede in 1215. FTP, name this king who signed the Magna Carta. King John Lackland

17) Lillian Hellmann’s The Little Foxes takes its name from this book, which also included the quotes “His banner over me was love” and “I am the rose of Sharon, and the lily of the valley.” Many scholars question its place in the canon, noting that such phrases as “A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse” and “Thy breasts are like two young roes that are twins, which feed among the lilies” make it sound suspiciously like love poetry. FTP name this Old Testament book. ANSWER: Song of Solomon, or Song of Songs

12. A cook with a propensity to pepper, several live flamingos, a pig-baby, a fishlike footman, a Gryphon, a rude Duchess, a Mock Turtle, a sleepy Dormouse, a March Hare, a Cheshire Cat, and a White Rabbit are, FTP, characters in what 1865 fantasy novel by Lewis Carroll? Answer: _Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland_ (accept: _Alice in Wonderland_)

11. It was the first music to be recorded onto a compact disc; indeed, legend has it the fact that it is exactly 72 minutes long gave us the length of the CD. Drawing on a text by Schiller, this 1823 work also features the first use of a choral movement in a symphony. FTP give the number of this Beethoven symphony that contained "Ode to Joy." Beethoven's 9th Symphony

13.) Except for his participation in the Royal Society he was a virtual recluse who abhorred women; he died alone in 1810. His work on electricity would have been groundbreaking had it not lain unpublished for decades. But he did distinguish between 2 oxides of arsenic, demonstrate the existence of an inert gas later found to be argon, and prove that water was a compound. FTP name the discoverer of nitric acid, who in 1766 identified hydrogen as an element. [Henry Cavendish]

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 6 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

14.) Mr. Murdstone; Mr. Creakle; Steerforth; Betsey Trotwood; Dora Spenlow; Agnes Wickfield; Mr. Micawber; Uriah Heep. All of these characters appear in, FTP, what Dickens novel? David Copperfield

10. This letter, dated 2nd November 1917 was sent by the then British foreign secretary to Lord Rothschild (chair of the British Zionist Federation) stating: 'His Majesty's government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.' FTP what is this declaration that lead to the foundation is Israel in 1948? The Balfour Declaration

12) The Cantos of Mutabilitie and 6 books make up this work using 9 line stanzas of rhyme a-b-a-b-b-c-b-c-c. Sir Walter Raleigh helped publish it and persuaded the author to go to London to present a copy to the queen, to whom it was dedicated. FTP name this work in which Gloriana represents Elizabeth I, written by Edmund Spenser. The Fairie Queene

15. This scientist won the gold medal of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters in 1907 for his experiments with the vibrations of water to determine its surface tensions. In 1911, he went to England to study with J.J. Thomson and Ernest Rutherford. His interpretation of the meaning of quantum physics has become a basic tenet of science. FTP, name this scientist, the first to apply the quantum theory to atomic structure. Answer: Niels Bohr [don’t need 1st name, but don’t accept Aagh Bohr]

14. It’s a major component of industrial catalytic systems such as the BP-Monsanto process. This silvery white metal has the curious property when heated of turning to the oxide, then when heated further reverting to pure form. Discovered in1803 by William Hyde Wollaston, it takes its name from the red color of its salts. FTP name this element with atomic number 45. rhodium

17. Born in Tasmania in 1909 with the first name Leslie, his formal education was punctuated by expulsions from schools. At sixteen he abandoned a career as a clerk in favour of more adventurous pursuits, such as pearl diving in Tahiti and searching for gold in New Guinea. His first acting role was as Fletcher Christian in a short Australian film called In the Wake of the Bounty, released in 1933. Two years later he went to Hollywood where he got his break with the lead in Captain Blood. FTP, name this swashbuckling hero of the silver screen, whose other films included The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936) and The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938)

Errol Flynn

7. In 1969 he was credited with the first hit and the first run in Kansas City Royals history, and later that year he won the American League Rookie of Year Award. He was later traded to the Yankees, where he retired in 1984; and in the late eighties he was briefly general manager and also skipper for the Yankees. FTP, name this former Cincinnati Reds manager, who he led that team to the 1990 World Series, who is now the winningest manager in Seattle Mariners history. Lou Piniella

22. Born in Monroeville, Alabama, she is only known for writing a single novel. In the novel, a

six-year old girl named Scout relates the details of a case in which attorney Atticus Finch, her

father, defends a black man who was wrongfully charged with the rape of a white woman. For 10

points, name this author of To Kill a Mockingbird.

ANSWER: Harper Lee

23. The circumstances of his death are not known, but he founded a religion whose major scriptures

are the Avesta, also called the Zend-Avesta. In this religion, daevas, or evil spirits, oppose the

ahuras, or good spirits. For 10 points, name this man whose religion contains the evil spirit,

Ahriman, and the deity, Ahura Mazdah.

ANSWER: Zoroaster or Zarathushtra or Zarathustra

24. Its source is in the Riesengebirge, or the Giants’ mountains, in a National Park in the Czech

Republic. After Germany’s reunification, sixty-six purification plants were built to reduce

pollution in its waters. For 10 points, name this 1,091 kilometer long river which empties into the

North Sea.

ANSWER: the Elbe river

2. Born in Cincinnati in September 1857, this Yale graduate entered Ohio politics in the late 1880’s. After serving on the Ohio Superior Court for two years, William McKinley appointed him president of the Philippine Commission. Defeated in his run for the Presidency in 1912, he became a professor of Constitutional Law at Yale and in 1921 became Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. For ten points, name the 28th President of the United States, best known for being Teddy Roosevelt’s hand-picked successor in 1908.

William Howard TAFT

14. After a seventy-year absence from the Western Hemisphere, a major outbreak of this disease occurred in Peru in 1991. Although only limited protection is available through immunization with a vaccine of killed vibrio bacteria, rapid recovery is possible with prompt fluid and salt repletion; however, inadequate therapy leads to a high mortality rate. The toxin enters the body via the mouth, and , after an incubation period of 12 to 28 hours, causes an infection in mucous membranes lining the lumen of the small intestine, causing massive diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration, lowered blood pressure, and a faint pulse, with the skin becoming cold and withered. FTP, name this acute bacterial virus. cholera

18. This battle is often linked with Platea. Greek fire & hand-to-hand combat among sailors led to Xerxes' fleet being defeated in 480 BC by Themistocles. FTP, name this naval battle. Answer: Salamis

18. He did the world’s worst estate planning: he wrote no will, executed his only son for rebellion, and decreed that only he could choose his successor. On his deathbed he wrote, “Give everything to...” and then his strength failed him. He summoned his daughter to help him finish it but died before she reached his bedside. Oops. The ensuing succession crisis didn’t fully stabilize until 1762, 37 years after his death. FTP name this tsar, succeeded briefly by his widow, Catherine I. [Peter I or Peter the Great]

He removed the last apparent anomaly from the theoretical description of the solar system by showing that lunar acceleration is dependent upon eccentricities of the Earth's orbit. He is also noted for his transform, defined as f of p equals the integral from 0 to infinity of e to the minus pt times capital F of t dt FTP name this French mathematician. Pierre Simon Laplace

12. QUOTE: “As the twilight drew on, its eager yearning for the fire mastered it, and with a great lifting and shifting of its fore feet, it whined softly then flattened its ears down in anticipation of being chidden by the men. But the man remained silent. Later, the dog whined loudly. And still later, it crept close to the men and caught the scent of death. This made the animal bristle and back away.” For ten points, name the Jack London story containing these lines. TO BUILD A FIRE

21. The first authorized use of this service occurred in 1911 between Garden City and Mineola, New York. Agreements at the International Postal Convention in 1920 and at another conference held in 1927, decided on a uniform cost was established so countries could carry mail from other countries. FTP, identify this method of transporting mail which uses vehicles made by, in part, Boeing. Answer: airmail

4. One example would be a company that develops a new type of machinery that allows production to increase greatly. As they continued to install more and more of these machines, the amount by which production increases begins to decrease. FTP what is this principle of economics defined more exactly as the fact that as one input is increased, while holding all other inputs constant, eventually smaller and smaller additions to output will result. Answer: diminishing marginal returns

5. The son of two musicians, this man entered music school in Bologna when he was 14. He wrote his first opera, "The Bill of Marriage," when he was only 18. It was performed in Venice, followed by two more operas, "Tancred" and "The Italian Girl in Algiers." After his retirement, he maintained a home in Paris and a villa in Passy, where he entertained such notables as Richard Wagner. FTP, name this composer, known for such works as "Cinderella," "William Tell," and "The Barber of Seville."

Answer: Gioacchino Rossini

6. According to Bacchylides, he tried self-immolation on a funeral pyre, but was captured when his capital of Sardis was stormed by Cyrus the Great. He had formed a coalition with Egypt, Sparta and Babylon and had invaded Cappadocia. FTP name this king of Lydia famed for his proverbial wealth.

[Croesus (accept either /KREE sus/ or /KRO sus/)]

7. This phenomenon has been called a Spunkie and the Fair Maid of Ireland. John Milton and Walter Scott called it Friar Rush, while Shakespeare called it by its Latin name, ignis fatuus. Some legends say it is the spirits of dead children leading travelers astray, and it is also called elf-fire and Jack o’ Lantern. FTP, give this name which is metaphorically a misleading hope and which is literally phosphorescent light hanging over swampy ground at night.

Answer: Will o’ the Wisp (prompt on the alternate names, as well as “fool’s fire” or “foolish fire”)

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 7 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

25. Drugs used to treat this disorder include monoamine oxidase inhibitors, which interact with tryamine, and such tricyclic/tetracyclic drugs as imipramine, doxepin, and desipramine. There are two types of it: a simple one which features only episodes of it, and the bipolar type, which features periods of extremely high activity interspersed with it. FTP, name this disorder characterized by feelings of helplessness and sadness.

Answer: depressive disorder or depression (also accept bipolar depressive or manic depressive before reading “two types”)

16.) Near the end of his life, he wrote The Reasonableness of Christianity. He distrusted political and religious fanaticism, but his advocacy of tolerance did not extend to Catholics. Perhaps it’s because the House of Stuart had been the covert target of his most famous work, published two years after the Glorious Revolution ousted it. FTP name this English philosopher, originator of the Social Contract theory and author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding. John Locke

5. One of his first great misdeeds was coveting & then taking the vineyard of Naboth. His treachery earned the disdain of Elijah, who foretold bad things for him & his wife Jezebel. FTP, name this Biblical king.

Answer: Ahab

19.Also called the Sewall Wright effect, it’s expected to be of significance only in small populations, where alleles may easily go to fixation or extinction by chance alone. It might occur if, in a population of beetles, a disproportionately large number of those killed by a wandering elephant happened to be heterozygous for a recessive eye color. FTP name the statistically significant change in gene frequencies resulting from causes operating randomly to the alleles’ fitness rather than from natural selection.

Answer: _genetic _drift_

11. He was born in Sri Lanka in 1943 of Canadian parents and moved to Canada in the 60s where he was educated at the University of Toronto and Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario. Later, after teaching English at university he turned to poetry and such collections as The Dainty Monsters, The Man With Seven Toes, Rat Jelly, and There's a Trick With a Knife I'm Learning to Do. Coming Through Slaughter is a biography of legendary jazz musician Charles 'Buddy' Bolden. However, it is his novel which won the prestigious

Booker Prize in 1992 and brought him to public attention. FTP, who is the author of The English Patient?

Michael Ondaatje

This leader first appears in history in 394 as a leader of the Visigoths who were used as mercenary troops by the Roman emperor Theodosius I. FTP, name this king of the Visigoths who would eventually sack Rome.

Alaric I

4. He signed with the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro Leagues in 1950. At the end of 1953, he signed a contract to go to the major leagues, joining the team with which his name is synonymous and for whom he won MVP honors in 1958 and 1959 . Late in his career he moved to first base, but he spent the bulk of his career at shortstop. FTP identify this baseball legend affectionately known as Mr. Cub. Answer: Ernie Banks

19. It has a population of roughly three million and covers an area of 10,000 sq miles. The Hohenzollern rulers who took control of it in 1415 later acquired the powerful duchy of Prussia and became emperors of Germany. At the end of WWII it had lost over 5,000 sq miles of territory when Poland advanced its frontier to the line of the Oder and Neisse rivers. The remainder, which became a region of East Germany, was divided in 1952 into the districts of Frankfurt-on-Sea, Potsdam and Cottbus. After reunification in 1990 the region became a state of the Federal Republic. FTP, identify this German state Land, with its capital at Potsdam, and after which a famous concerto and set of gates are named. Brandenburg

20. This play portrays the conflict between spiritual and worldly power embodied in the struggle between millionaire armaments manufacturer Andrew Undershaft and his daughter, a crusader in the Salvation Army. While part of visiting an East End Shelter for the poor she suffers a crisis of faith as she glimpses the possibility that all salvation and philanthropy are shaken at the source. FTP name this play in which Undershaft states that 'society cannot be saved until either the Professors of Greek take to making gunpowder, or the makers of gunpowder become Professors of Greek'? Major Barbara

1. He was also an accomplished chemist, from whom Robert Boyle borrowed a medical recipe. An accomplished poet, he penned a famous response to Marlowe’s poem, entitled “The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd.” FTP, name this Englishman who imported tobacco to England and founded a colony in Virginia. Answer: Sir Walter _Raleigh_

2. He ran for Congress after answering an ad placed by the local Republican Party. He won by branding incumbent Jerry Voorhis a Communist sympathizer, and the tactic worked so well he used it in 1950 to unseat Sen. Helen Gahagan Douglas. Confronted for the first time with campaign financial improprieties in 1952, he saved his spot as Eisenhower’s running mate with the famed “Checkers” speech. FTP name this President, who ran out of convincing speeches by the time he declared himself "not a crook."

Answer: Richard Nixon

3. On this planet, when the sun rises at the north pole, it stays up for 42 Earth years; then it sets, and naturally the north pole gets 42 Earth years of darkness. It has at least 15 moons and 9 narrow, nearly opaque rings. FTP name this severly tilted planet, discovered by Sir William Herschel in 1781. Uranus

22) Two of this poem's stanzas begin, "Ah, what can ail thee, wretched wight?" Two of its stanzas end, "On the cold hill side." The poet says of the title character, "Her hair was long, her foot was light, and her eyes were wild." FTP name this poem with a title in French, written by John Keats.

"La Belle Dame Sans Merci"

9. Fearless Hyena 1 and 2, The Killer Meteors, New Fist of Fury, Shaolin Wooden Men, Half a Loaf of Kung Fu, Supercop, and Rumble in the Bronx. FTP all these movies star which Asian action star?

Jackie CHAN

13. One variety of this hydrocarbon is used to ripen fruit and start the preparation of other organic substances such as ethyl alcohol. They consist of unsaturated hydrocarbons in which there is one carbon-carbon double bond in the molecule. FTP, name this class of hydrocarbon, of which the most commonly produced is ethene.

Ans: Alkenes

6. As a young man he went to Canada as a sales representative, returning to Germany at the outbreak of World War I and serving in the cavalry. In 1932 he joined the Nazi party and from then to his dismissal by Doenitz in 1945 exercised considerable influence within it. However, he paid for his notoriety in 1946 when he was hanged at Nuremberg. FTP, name this man who served as Hitler's foreign minister, and whose most significant diplomatic move was the negotiating of the German-Soviet Treaty of Nonaggression in 1939 which bears his name. Joachim Von Ribbentrop

9) "The Pinch Bug and His Prey", "Tragedy in the Graveyard", "The Cruelty of I Didn't Think", "The Cat and the Painkiller", "Happy Camp of the Freebooters", "Pirates at Their Own Funeral" and "The Glorious Whitewasher". FTP what book also contains the chapters "The Salvation of Muff Potter" and "The Fate of Injun Joe"?

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer; prompt for more on “Tom Sawyer”

11. Though he often braved the cold winters of northern France, in the 1890s he rented an apartment with a large window facing the Rouen Cathedral, of which he created a series of paintings. Groups of paintings of the same subject were not uncommon for this Frenchman; also famous are his series of paintings of haystacks and of water lilies. Identify this French painter whose Impression: Sunrise gave the Impressionist movement its name.

Claude MONET

20. In 1600, Sir William Gilber proposed that the Earth was a huge one of these, an effect possibly explained by a dynamo effect from the minerals in a liquid state contained in the outer core. Considering the Earth as one, its moment is 8.0 times 10 to the 22nd joules per tesla [8.0E22 J/T]. For ten points, name this type of material most often identified with iron. magnet

21. As owner of the Adelaide News he quickly hit on the formula that would become his hallmark, taking the paper radically downmarket with a heavy emphasis on scandal, show-business gossip, and sport. Back in Britain he took over the Times Newspaper Group and made The Sun the best-selling daily in England, mixing sex and right-wing populism. In the 80s he diversified, acquiring Harper Collins Books and launching the European satellite broadcasting channel Sky. FTP who is this near-monopolistic media tycoon who owns 20th Century Fox? Rupert Murdoch

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 8 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

5. Its inventor, Abraham Gesner, hoped that it would curb whale hunting. Its name comes from the Greek for wax, and it is a pale liquid fuel distilled from thick crude oil. Identify this close relative of gasoline, known also as lamp oil, coal oil, and paraffin oil. KEROSENE

1. Its largest sect is that of the Ithna Ashariyah, also called the Twelvers. This religious group was founded in the 7th century as a political faction supporting the fourth caliph, the son-in-law of Mohammad. After the caliph, Ali ibn Ali Talib, was killed, the faction developed into a religious group advocating the legitimacy of Ali's descendents, the Alids. The Safavid dynasty of Iran made it the sole legal faith of its empire. FTP, name this Muslim group which has established a foothold in Yemen, Iraq, and Iran over the centuries. Shi'ite OR Shi'ism OR Shi'ah

2. The most nearly complete original version is at the Asiatic Society library in Calcutta and has 516 A-A-B-A rhymed epigrammatic quatrains. One famous translation was done in 1968 by Robert Graves in collaboration with Sufi poet Ali-Shah of this work whose name is Arabic for “quatrains.” FTP, name this work by a 12th-century Persian poet which was most famously translated in 1859 anonymously by Edward Fitzgerald. Answer: The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (prompt on Rubaiyat)

6. In medicine, one type of tomography injects certain isotopes into the body and tracks photons resulting from emission of these particles. Bremsstrahlung or gamma rays with energies of more than 1 million electron volts striking the nuclei of atoms produce pairs consisting of electrons and these, which would produce a burst of photons if they met. FTP, name these particles, confirmed in 1932 by Carl David Anderson after being theorized in 1928 by Paul Dirac. Answer: positrons (also accept positive electron or antielectron)

19.) He graduated from Stanford University in 1895 and began his career as a mining engineer. He served as US Food Administrator and as Secretary of Commerce. He was defeated in his reelection bid because, despite his experience in disaster control, he mostly waited for the Great Depression to correct itself. FTP name this man, who became President by defeating NY Governor Alfred E. Smith in 1928

Herbert HOOVER

5. His family wanted the 1000-pound bronze statue of him smoking a pipe and wearing a fedora while sitting on a bench placed at his home, Rowan Oak, or on the campus of the University of Mississippi. Instead a magnolia tree was torn down to make room for it in front of the City Hall of Oxford, Mississippi. FTP name this Southern author of Sartorius, Intruder in the Dust, and As I Lay Dying. [William Faulkner]

12. His first complete score for a musical was the 1919 La, La, Lucille. In the same year, Al Jolson popularized his first hit song, Swanee. Later, he composed the musical Of Thee I Sing, the first to win a Pulitzer Prize. Name this American composer of Variations on I Got Rhythm, Second Rhapsody, An American in Paris, and Porgy and Bess. George GERSHWIN

7. The "Exon" volume, kept in the cathedral chapter of Exeter, gives a detailed account of Wilts, Dorset, Somerset, Devon, and Cornwall, while the "Exchequer" volume covers most of the rest of England. For ten points, name this great book written by order of William the Conqueror. Domesday Book

3) It is not a true jellyfish for it spends the dominant part of its life cycle simultaneously in the polyp and medusae stage. A member of the Phylum Cnidaria, the Class Hydrozoa, and the Order Siphonophore, these pelagic creatures prefer the ocean surface where they can use their swimming bell as a floating sail while dragging their lengthy tentacles (the record for which is 75 feet) behind to stun and capture prey. Numerous nematocysts puncture and send neurotoxins into the tangled animals. FTP, name these marine creatures which appear bluish-pink in the temperate oceans where they are found.

physalia or Portugese man-of-war

7) The Russian name for it translates to "Frozen Star"; they use that term because Russian translation of the more common American name is considered obscene. John Mitchell predicted their existence in 1784. FTP give the common name for these bodies so massive that not even light can escape their gravitational pull. Answer: [black hole]

4. “Humor,” this author wrote, “is emotional chaos remembered in tranquility.” His own writing illustrated this definition. Generally straight-faced, speaking in steady tones, he tranquilly described his chaotic world of bewildered men, seals in bedrooms, stuffed ex-wives on top of bookcases, and plump boneless dogs with flapping ears. For ten points, name this author, whose works include “The Unicorn in the Garden,” My Life and Hard Times, and “The Secret Life of Walter Mitty.” James THURBER

20. Its name means "rich lake" as it is abundant in plant and animal life, with over 2600 species observed. Fed by 336 rivers including the Selenga and the Turka, this lake can be navigated from May to October by wooden rafts. The oldest freshwater lake in the world; it is also the only freshwater lake containing hydrothermal vents. FTP, name this Siberian lake, which contains about one fifth of the world's supply of fresh water. Answer: Baikal Lake (or Lake Baikal)

The major force behind the liberal movement called La Reforma, he was provisional President during the War of Reform. He won three terms as President before his ouster by Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada. FTP name this revered Mexican leader, for whom is named the city just across the Rio Grande from El Paso.

Answer: Benito _Juarez_

14) The father of English common law, he was heartbroken to find his son John on a list of his enemies. Unlike Louis VII of France, this king produced sons in a marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, including Richard. For ten points, name this English king who appointed Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury. [Henry II]

15) Its logical category is that once we express out mental states linguistically, they become public physical states, while its hard form is wholly materialistic. FTP, J.B. Watson originated what "hard science" approach to psychology championed by B.F. Skinner? behaviorism

16) This protege of Louis Sullivan was the subject of a 1970 musical tribute by Paul Simon. Much of his work was residential, such as the Robie House, but his Imperial Hotel in Tokyo was so technically sound that it survived the terrible earthquake of 1923. FTP name this organic architect famed for the spiral design of the Guggenheim Museum and for the house in Pennsylvania known as Falling Water.

Frank Lloyd Wright

17) The first movie version was produced by Thomas Edison in 1910, and many later versions and variations followed. A 1974 film by Mel Brooks looked at the family’s 3rd generation, and Abbott and Costello in 1948 met one of the main characters. Properly speaking, the title role has been played by Colin Clive and Kenneth Branagh, but most people think the name belongs to the character played by Robert DeNiro and Boris Karloff. FTP identify this story of a Swiss student who makes an artificial man from pieces of corpses, written by Mary Shelley in 1816. FRANKENSTEIN

20. This daughter of Tantalus in Greek mythology had six sons and six daughters. When she commanded the people of Thebes to worship her instead of Leto, Apollo and Artemis killed all her children. FTP name this queen who was turned into a stone that was forever wet with her tears. NIOBE

18) While on the phone with wife Ingrid after a benefit gig in Monroe, La., he promised to finally spend more time at home with her and his baby son A.J. But the small plane carrying himself and his band to a connector flight home crashed over Texas the night of Sept. 20, 1973. At his death at age 30, he left behind such humorous blue collar songs as “Roller Derby Queen” and "Rapid Roy the Stock Car Boy” and ballads like "Operator", and "I'll Have To Say I Love You In a Song." FTP, name the Philly-born singer/songwriter of classic hits such as "Time In a Bottle" and "Bad, Bad Leroy Brown."

ans: Jim Croce

3. Those living near it quickly labeled it Schandmauer. Roughly 26 miles in length, its concrete slabs were about 4 meters high and are sometimes topped by barbed wire and large metal pipes. Guard dogs and mines could usually be found on one side of it, in case the electronic alarm systems failed to detect someone trying to escape over it. FTP, name this former landmark whose construction was begun in 1961, where over 70 people died while trying to cross to a noncommunist city before it was finally torn down.

Ans: Berlin Wall

21) It may surprise you that oral doses of extracts of this plant have been available in American pharmacies since 1986. Already widely known to ease nausea, new findings by the National Institutes of Health conclude that these extracts may help protect nerve cells from rapid oxidation, especially in stroke victims. This past summer, a British pharmaceutical firm was approved for massive planting of this species to find the purest form of a particular extract molecule: delta-9-tetrahydro-cannabinol (or THC). FTP, give the common name of these plants known to the scientific community as Cannabis sativa and is the carrier of both the profitable and aesthetically-pleasing THC extract.

ans: marijuana [on any of the many possible synonyms, prompt for more information]

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 9 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

1. Biographer Richard Marius notes that this man’s earlier anti-heretical writings undercut his effort to survive by silence and paints a less flattering view of his personality than the early biography by his son-in-law, Will Roper. Although the official reason for his execution was his refusal to accept the Act of Supremacy, this former Lord Chancellor had been on Henry VIII’s enemies list ever since he refused to assent to Henry’s divorce from Catherine of Aragon. Name this saint who drew on Plato's Republic for his 1516 classic Utopia.

Sir Thomas More

7. It is a Russian acronym meaning Chief Administration of Corrective Labor Camps. This system was established in 1918 and was used extensively by Joseph Stalin, who sent an estimated 8 percent of the Soviet work force to its forced labor camps. Name this institution, the subject of a 3 volume study by Alexander Solzhenitsyn during the 1970s.

GULAG

16. He predicted that the Versailles peace settlement would fail because of the reparations demanded of the Central Powers. This was detailed in his book The Economic Consequences of the Peace. He believed that increased government spending and lower interest rates would boost the economy by increasing employment and consumer spending. FTP, name this economist, who argued against laissez faire in The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money. Ans: John Maynard Keynes

2. When Cal Ripken ended his streak, this man inherited the mantle as the major leaguer with the longest current run of consecutive games played, although he trails Cal by some 2,000 games. In his college days at LSU he was known by the nickname Joey, but shortly after his major league debut (and his stint in alcohol-related rehab) he reverted to his given name. This year he came close to duplicating his feat of 50 homers and 50 doubles and managed to keep his arrest total down, although don’t go trick-or-treating at his house. FTP name this former Indians and current White Sox slugger. [Albert Belle]

3. It is served by a nineteen-mile long road that rises most of its 14,110 feet. From its summit, one can see the Continental Divide, Sangre De Cristo Mountains, New Mexico, Denver, and Colorado Springs. FTP, name this Western mountain named for the American explorer who unsuccessfully attempted to climb it. Answer: _Pike’s Peak_

10. Between 1916, when his first one-act plays were presented by the Provincetown Players, and 1943 this man wrote more than 35 plays. After a stint in a tuberculosis sanatorium, he began writing influenced by the works of Ibsen and August Strindberg. "In the Zone" and "The Long Voyage Home" were early successes. FTP, name this playwright responsible for such works as "Strange Interlude," "Beyond the Horizon," and "The Iceman Cometh." Answer: Eugene O'Neill

COMBINE

23. His first play was A Wife for a Life and he also wrote The Last Will and Testament of an Extremely Distinguished Dog. But he never finished the 11-play cycle A Tale of the Possessors, Self Dispossessed. FTP, whose plays include A Moon for the Misbegotten, Mourning Becomes Electra, and A Long Day's Journey Into Night. Eugene Gladstone O'Neill

8) She was believed to have died in 1812 and buried in Lander, Wyoming, although a woman who claimed to be her died in 1884. Captured by the Hidatsa, she was sold as a slave to the Mandans, who sold her to Toussaint Charbonneau and she became one of his wives, carrying their son Jean-Baptiste-- literally-- for miles. FTP name this famous guide and Shoshone Native American. Sacajawea or Sakakawea

19) Until technology invents a better scanning microscope, we won't know exactly how these work or what they truly look like. But the Fluid Mosaic Model proposed by Sanger in 1975 is considered by modern science to be the most likely possibility of their architecture and mode of action. The model reveals a lipid bilayer of hydrophobic fatty acid tails pointed towards one another with hydrophilic phosphate heads making direct contact

with the watery fluid exterior and interior. FTP, name these structures, anchored by cholesterol molecules, that separate all living cells from their violent surroundings. ans: membranes (accept plasmolemma)

13) Robert Green Ingersoll and Sir Leslie Stephen were two prominent adherents to this doctrine. Its name was coined at an 1876 meeting of the Metaphysical Society by T.H. Huxley. It can be "strict" or "weak" depending on whether it is based upon unsolveability or inconclusive evidence. Clarence Darrow said all it meant was “I do not pretend to know where many ignorant men are sure.” FTP, name this view that the existence of God is neither certain nor impossible. [agnosticism]

1. In the 1930s, its discoverer claimed it was the remains of a six-foot-tall, knife-wielding gibbon-relative. A skullcap and femur found by Dutch anatomist Eugene Dubois in 1891 near the Solo River at the village of Trinil, it was originally given the genus Pithecanthropus, but eventually was reclassified as an early example of Homo erectus. FTP, give the name for these fossil remains discovered on an island of the Malay Archipelago. Answer: Java man (prompt on Homo erectus or Pithecanthropus erectus before they are said)

9. This band formed with Bernard Sumner as the lead singer after Joy Division self-destructed upon the death of Ian Curtis. Recently, its members have gone on to work on side projects, with Gillian Gilbert and Stephen Morris forming The Other Two and Peter Hook performing with Monaco. FTP, name this band, whose albums include Brotherhood and Power, Corruption and Lies, perhaps best known for the hits True Faith and Bizarre Love Triangle off the album Substance. Ans: New Order

10. A metal surface is illuminated with a beam of light. Electrons are emitted from the surface, and the rate that they are admitted depends on the intensity of the light. The rate of emission is independent of the wavelength below a certain wavelength lambda-c. The value of lambda-c depends on the kind of metal, but NOT the intensity of the light source. FTP, name the phenomenon which I have just described, which was described by Albert Einstein in 1905 and which would later win him the Nobel Prize.

Ans: The Photoelectric Effect

11. It is run by a board of three members, which are appointed to nine-year terms by the President. Shortly after its inception, its activities included manufacturing nitrates for fertilizer and reforestation activities. However, it is probably better known for attempts to stop flooding and soil erosion in its 40,910 square mile area. FTP, name this embattled federal corporation created in 1933, which built most of the 39 dams it operates.

Ans: Tennessee Valley Authority or TVA

14. He often performed with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra as a solo pianist. Though he wrote the soundtrack for the movie On the Waterfront and the ballet Fancy Free, he is better known for musicals such as On the Town. He first gained fame in 1943 when he conducted a New York Philharmonic concert, and would go on to direct the Philharmonic for 11 years. FTP, name this composer of West Side Story whose name appears in a famous REM song. Ans: Leonard Bernstein

10. Their oldest seats of worship were on the slopes of Olympus, Helicon, and Parnassus. Apollo led them, and writers invoked these daughters of Mnemosyne and Zeus to inspire their work. These 9 goddesses of artistic, intellectual, and scientific pursuits in Greek mythology are collectively known as what?

The MUSES

4. FTP identify the artist from his works: The Hundred Guilder Print, The Polish Rider, The Three Crosses, Return of the Prodigal Son, Supper at Emmaus, The Anatomy Lesson of Doctor Tulp, and The Night Watch. REMBRANDT van Rijn

19. His 1832 The Defense of Poetry anticipated much of Emerson’s later The American Scholar. This Bowdoin College graduate was the Smith Professor of Modern Language at Harvard from 1835 to 1854, but he is best known for his poems. His 1847 Evangeline was the first successful long American poem, and others included The Wreck of the Hesperus and A Psalm of Life. Identify the author of Hiawatha and Paul Revere’s Ride, whose bust stands in the Poets’ Corner of Westminster Abbey.

Henry Wadsworth LONGFELLOW

6. This element whose name comes from the Greek for "moon" closely resembles sulfur. It was discovered by Baron Jons Jakob Berzelius in 1817. Used in many photoelectric devices, it is allotropic and has two forms: vitreous and gray. Name this element with atomic number 34 and symbol Se.

SELENIUM

20. Field & Stream said it was "still of considerable interest to outdoor-minded readers...Unfortunately, one is obliged to wade through many pages of extraneous material in order to discover and savor these sidelights on the management of a Midlands shooting estate, and in this reviewer's opinion this book cannot take the place of R.J. Miller's Practical Gamekeeping." This was said in 1959 of Grove Press' reissue, which had to fight censorship efforts all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. FTP name this novel about the heroine’s forbidden lover affair with Oliver Mellors, written by D.H. Lawrence. [Lady Chatterley's Lover]

21. Ferdinand von Wrangel begins his survey of the Siberian Arctic coast. Ft. Atkinson, the precursor of Omaha, is built. Ampere formulates the first laws of electromagnetism. James Monroe is reelected overwhelmingly. George III finally dies. And Congress passes the Missouri Compromise. FTP in what year?

[1820]

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 10 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

19. “Every day is alone in itself, whatever enjoyment I’ve had, and whatever sorrow I’ve had.” So claims H.M., a mental patient studied by William Scoville and Brenda Milner. H.M. had the anterograde version of this affliction, which can also be found with retrograde and infantile varieties. FTP, name this psychological problem which involves a severe loss of memory. Ans: Amnesia

12. He was imprisoned for spying, but was really an escaped P.O.W. during World War II. During the course of the book, he buys tobacco from the Lett in the next barrack, swipes an extra bowl of kasha at lunch, listens to his squad leader Tiurin reminisce, and works with Senka and Kilgas to build a wall before finally going to bed thinking about how he almost had a good day. FTP, name this fictional character, whose experiences are partially based on Alexander Solszhenitsyn’s own gulag experiences.

Ans: Ivan Denisovich Shukov(acc. Ivan Denisovich)

9. This native of Los Angeles thought about becoming a professional baseball player, but graduated with a degree in marketing. He later pursued an acting career and starred in such films as Testament, Silverado, and No Way Out. FTP name the star of The Untouchables, JFK, A Perfect World, and Dances with Wolves.

Kevin COSTNER

24. The Oriental variety of it is a type of calcite, is often translucent with dark or colored streaks, and was used in ancient Egyptian and Roman tombs. The true variety of it is a type of gypsum with a hardness of about 1.5, a uniform, fine grain, and a snow-white color, and is carved and used in statuary. FTP, name this mineral whose smoothness and whiteness has resulted in it being used in love poems to describe women’s skin.

Answer: alabaster

10. She served as a Union spy in Confederate territory. After the Civil War, she helped educate freed slaves in North Carolina. Before the war, this runaway slave made 19 trips into the South, rescuing over 300 slaves, including her parents. Name this famous conductor on the Underground Railroad, who earned the title “Moses”.

Harriet TUBMAN

13. For thirty four years, he headed Berkeley's chemistry department. There, he conceived the electron pair bond, and in his 1923 Valence and the Structure of Atoms and Molecules, put forth his very general definition of acids and bases. Name this chemist, known for the dot structures he used to model valence electrons.

Gilbert N. LEWIS

1. This author’s real name was Lulu Smith. Her short stories include The Ballad of the Sad Cafe, and her longer works include Clock Without Hands. However, she is perhaps best known for her novel about the deaf man Mr. Singer and his failed quest for companionship, ending in his suicide. FTP, name this author of The Heart is a Lonely Hunter and The Member of the Wedding. Ans: Carson McCullers

9. Denver Post sports columnist Mark Kiszla recently had his license suspended by the Baseball Writers of America for taking some from the locker of Rockies slugger Dante Bichette, who has since given it up. Sales of it have tripled since August, though General Nutrition Centers won’t sell it. FTP, name this testosterone-producing “dietary supplement” pill which was the center of a small controversy when Mark McGwire admitted he used it. Answer: Androstenedione (prompt on “Andro”)

19. It is told that once, while driving at Windsor, he got down and shook hands with an oak tree’s branch, mistaking it for the King of Prussia. His erratic behavior, the subject of a recent film, was likely caused by the metabolic disorder porphyria. Name this 3rd Hanover King of England, who reigned from 1760 until 1820.

GEORGE III or George William FREDERICK

TU1 “Dr. Strauss says I should rite down what I think and remembir and evrey thing that happins to me from now on. I dont no why but he says its importint so they will se if they can use me. I hope they use me becaus Miss Kinnian says mabye they can make me smart. I want to be smart. My name is Charlie Gordon...” So begins the story of a retarded man made brilliant by a surgical procedure only to discover that the effect is only temporary. This happens in which 1959 Hugo award winning novel by Daniel Keyes?

FLOWERS FOR ALGERNON

x5. The last name's the same. The computer columnist who writes Inside Track in PC Magazine. The creator of an alternative keyboard layout that puts the most frequently used keys on the home row. And the Czech composer of Hymnus, Slavonic Dances, the Slavonic Rhapsodies, and the From the New World Symphony. Identify this common name. DVORAK

2. The Alien and Sedition Acts were aimed at silencing some of his supporters, most notably Philip Freneau. Critics claimed he had no morality and did not believe in God. His authorship of a statue on religious liberty was one of the three accomplishments he had listed on his tombstone, which made no mention of his Presidency. He was the first President to be inaugurated in Washington, D.C. and began the Library of Congress. FTP name our 3rd President. Thomas Jefferson

9. After playing as quarterback for the University of Alabama from 1962 to 1964, he signed with the New York Jets in 1965 for $427,000. Four years later, he guaranteed that they would win the third Super Bowl. Name this spectacular quarterback, nicknamed “Broadway Joe”.

Joe Willie NAMATH

19. In the 1940s, Samuel Cohen first made the calculations necessary to produce one. It could be delivered by howitzers or small aircraft, and its heat and blast effects would extend only about 300 meters from the detonation point. However, this small fusion bomb would release large amounts of gamma and neutron radiation. Identify this never-produced bomb, which could kill people while causing relatively little damage to buildings. NEUTRON BOMB

6. Two answers required. They were the two sons of Leto, one by Tyndareus, and one by Zeus. Always together, they spent half their time in Hades and half at Olympus. FTP identify this mythological pair, for whom the two brightest stars in Gemini are named. CASTOR and POLLUX

2. Contrary to the perception created by the western press, most of the 1000 to 1500 killed here were average workers, not students. The Chinese government has used semantical differences to justify their official position that “not a single person lost his life” here. Identify this site of a June 4, 1989 massacre.

TIENANMEN SQUARE

25. The title object is given to Rachel Verrinder for her birthday, but it disappears the same night. The suspects include Rachel, her cousin Franklin Blake, a housmaid, and a group of Indian jugglers. The story is narrated by the house steward Gabriel Betteredge, who aids Sergeant Cuff in solving the mystery. FTP, name this novel about a diamond, written by Wilkie Collins. Ans: The Moonstone

8. This species of enterrous bacteria appear under the microscope as short rod cells and, when properly stained, retain a pink color. They are covered in flagella which makes movement and entrance into a host very easy. FTP, name this common bacteria whose harmful strains are found in tainted water supplies and mammalian feces and whose friendly, symbiotic strains can be found in the human gut. [Escherichia coli or E. coli]

21. It's the middle name of Lucie Arnaz and the first name of a Chattanoogan named Daniels who was first runner-up in the Miss America pageant a few years back. It's also the first name of the actress Armfeldt, played by Glynis Johns in A Little Night Music. It's the title of a Neil Diamond song and a Jean Simmons film in which Marlon Brando plays Napoleon. And it's the first name of a Miss Washington, the beauty pageant contestant that Mike Tyson was convicted of raping. FTP what's the name? [Desiree]

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 11 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

1. Headquarted in Haifa, Israel, it began in 1844 in Iran. It teaches that the revealed religions of the world are in agreement and that each of the prophet-founders of the religions revealed the will of God for a particular time and place in history. FTP name this pacifist religion, of which the prophet-founder is the Baha' Ullah.

Baha'i

20. This SI unit for amount of substance was defined in 1971 as "...the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in .012 kilogram of carbon-12". It has the useful property that one of these units of an element or compound has the same mass in grams as the element or compound's weight in atomic mass units. Name this unit, which may be interpreted as 6.022 times 10 to the 23rd objects. MOLE or MOL

12. It was recently revealed that this organization planned to assassinate Prince Charles and Princess Diana at a rock concert in July 1983. However, it was foiled when project leader Sean O’Callaghan informed police of the plot. FTP identify this organization which seeks to unify the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland by violent means. IRA or IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY

5. Tipped off by a member of the Nobel committee, he used his trip to Stockholm as an opportunity to defect. Five years later, on a squash court at the University of Chicago, he led the team that achieved the first controlled nuclear chain reaction. FTP name this Italian-American physicist, winner of the 1938 Nobel Prize for Physics. Enrico FERMI

15. Explaining why this athlete will have more impact than Mandela, Gandhi, and the Buddha, his father said “He’ll have the power to impact nations. Not people. Nations. The world is just getting a taste of his power.” This aside, he is dramatically impacting golf, drawing large and diverse crowds to events where he competes. FTPdentify this golfer, who was named Sports Illustrated’s 1996 Sportsman of the Year after winning his 3rd consecutive US Amateur in August 1996, but before winning the 1997 Master’s. Eldrick “Tiger” WOODS

17. Robert Clive’s preparations to attack Bengal caused the nawab of Bengal to seize a key city. The nawab then locked away British prisoners in anticipation of Clive’s arrival. FTP, name this infamous incident in which only 20 prisoners survived, when 60 British prisoners were locked overnight in an airless dungeon.

Ans: The Black Hole of Calcutta

18. His five years of service with the Indian Imperial Police led to his novel Burmese Days. Later, Israel Gollancz commissioned him to write a documentary about unemployed life, which was published as The Road to Wigan Pier. FTP, name this author best known for political satires on totalitarianism and socialism, the creator of the character Winston Smith in the novel 1984.

Ans: George Orwell (acc. Eric Arthur Blair)

20. It was founded as a trading post in 1871 by Van Smith, and named by Smith for his father. Lying along the Hondo river, it became the county seat of Chaves County in 1889 and houses the New Mexico Military Institute. FTP, name this town, now a tourist attraction to those interested in UFO sightings. Roswell

8. The term was introduced by Armand Trousseau. It comes in two main varieties: motor and sensory. The motor version involves a loss of memory of the coordinated movements necessary to form symbols. The sensory type the loss of the meaning of the symbols occurs. FTP, identify this neurological disorder where sufferers cannot express thought by means of speech. aphasia

2. This long narrow body of water extends for about 24 miles and forms part of the Caledonian Canal. It stretches from Fort Augustus to Inverness, and its fame is based on observations made near the town of Drumnadrochit. FTP name this lake of Scotland, best known for the “monster” which is reported to live in it. LOCH NESS

11. A brigadier general in the British Army during the War of 1812, he was killed in the Battle of the Thames. Born on Mad River, near present-day Springfield, Ohio, this man witnessed the suffering inflicted on his people by the whites from an early age. He and his brother, Tenskwatawa, persuaded Native Americans to avoid liquor, to cultivate their land, and to return to traditional Indian ways of life. FTP, name this man, now famous for his supposed curse on the American presidency. Tecumseh

R1. “There are certain themes of which the interest is all-absorbing, but which are too entirely horrible for the purposes of legitimate fiction.” begins this short story, which goes on to describe numerous instances of “the most terrific of these extremes which has ever fallen to the lot of mere mortality.” FTP name this Edgar Allan Poe work concerned with the method of death named in its title. The PREMATURE BURIAL

6) Ion. Menexenus. Philebus. Theaetetus. Protagoras. Parmenides. Critias. Phaedrus. Phaedo. Crito. FTP these are all among the dialogues of what philosopher?

[Plato; if early buzz with “dialogues” ask for more info]

7. Scanlon has destructive fantasies, Seefelt and Frederickson are epileptics, George has a pathological fear of dirt, and Harding voluntarily committed himself to the asylum. The narrator is a huge, paranoid-schizophrenic Indian who eventually escapes by throwing a control panel through a window. FTP, name this novel narrated by Chief Bromden in which Randle McMurphy and Nurse Ratched struggle for control of a mental ward, the best-known work of Ken Kesey. Ans: One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest

1. This Missouri native served in the Spanish-American War and also led a force into Mexico during the Mexican Revolution to find Pancho Villa. The rank of General of the Armies was created for him. FTP name the American general who led the US Expeditionary force during World War I. John PERSHING

18. Frederick Taylor and Lillian Gilbreth’s time and motion studies in the 19th century laid the groundwork for this field. It grew in importance during World War II when engineers sought to design military equipment usable by a wide variety of people. Today it is applied to the design of workplaces and tools in general, and to consumer devices. Name this field, formerly known as human factors engineering, whose name means the “science of work”. ERGONOMICS

8. You will have 10 seconds to answer the following question. FTP find the roots of the following polynomial: 4x2-4x-8 [4 x squared minus four x minus 8]. -1 and 2 [either order]

20. He served as Chairman of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports from 1990 to 1994. His first acting role was in 1976 in Stay Hungry, unless you count his appearance as himself in Pumping Iron. FTP name this actor of such movies as Junior, Commando, Terminator 2: Judgment Day and True Lies.

Arnold SCHWARZENEGGER

13. Its composer called it an opera for children, but it was in fact the first opera ever commissioned for television performance. It deals with a crippled, impoverished boy who receives the three wise men on the way to meet the Christ Child and whose generosity is rewarded by his illness being cured. FTP, name this opera, inspired by a Hieronymus Bosch painting Adoration of the Magi, by Gian Carlo Menotti. Answer: _Amahl and the Night Visitors_

20. "And gentlemen in England, now abed,/Shall think themselves accursed they were not here,/And hold their manhoods cheap whiles any speaks/That fought with us upon Saint Crispin's Day". This concludes a passionate speech delivered before the Battle of Agincourt in 1415, which the English forces, under this king, won resoundingly, though not as lopsidedly as Shakespeare's play suggests. FTP name this title character, who ruled England from 1413 until 1422. HENRY V

21. According to legend, it was “discovered” around 600 AD by an Ethiopian goatherder who noticed his animals were very energetic. In a poem about it, Talleyrand wrote, “Black as the devil, / Hot as hell, / Pure as an angel, / Sweet as love.” It comes from trees of the madder family, whose cherry-like seeds are harvested from Liberian, robusta, and Arabian varieties of the tree and processed. FTP, name this caffeinated beverage brewed from beans. Answer: coffee

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 12 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

15. The Greeks believed that they were an atmospheric phenomena, which was believed until Brahe showed that they are considerably farther away. Newton used their trajectory to discover their orbits. According to Fred Whipple’s “dirty snowball” model, their nuclei, each a few kilometers in diameter, consist of frozen water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane mixed with grit and dust. Identify these small celestial bodies.

COMETS

18. It was formed in 1963 as a rhythm and blues band. However, by the late sixties, it had become a well known rock band, notorious for drug arrests and its 1969 Altamont, California concert where Hell’s Angels killed an attendee. Among its albums are Between the Buttons, Let it Bleed, Hot Rocks, and Steel Wheels. Name this rock band, whose members include Charlie Watts, Bill Wyman, Keith Richards, and Mick Jagger.

The ROLLING STONES

21. He wrote “These are the times that try men’s souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will in this crisis shrink from the service of their country.” in The Crisis, a series of pamphlets printed in 1776. He would later travel to France and became a member of the National Convention. FTP, name this author of The Age of Reason, perhaps most famous for the pamphlet Common Sense. Ans: Thomas Paine

19. He was trained as a pianist, and until 1930 divided his energies between music and photography. He had his first solo exhibition in 1932, and was a co-founder of the F/64 group. After 1940, he devoted much of his time to photographing American national parks, exclusively using black and white and setting new standards for detail in his landscapes. Name this American photographer, whose collections include My Camera in Yosemite Valley. Ansel ADAMS

8. When they ride, the flickering light of their armor flashes in the sky, causing the Northern Lights. Literally, the "choosers of the dead", these messengers of Odin choose warriors from earthly battles to populate Valhalla in preparation for Ragnarok. FTP name these mounted warlike virgins of Norse mythology.

The VALKYRIE (also accept Walkyrie or Valkyr or Valkyria)

18. You don’t hear this term used much anymore, since we now know these nitrogen-containing compounds are completely neutralized in the human digestive system. They were long suspected as a toxic agent because they are present in spoiled foods, but they are harmless byproducts of the bacteria which themselves or by their toxins cause illness. FTP name this class of compounds, once synonymous with food poisoning. [ptomaines]

7. He bequeathed nine million dollars, the interest to be distributed yearly in five categories, to those that most benefited mankind. He had earned his wealth from the sale of dynamite. Name this man, after whom a group of prestigious awards in literature, peace, economics, chemistry, physics, and medicine or physiology are named. Alfred B. NOBEL

13. On November 3, 1903, a nearly bloodless revolution took place here; two hours after the news reached Washington, the United States recognized the new nation’s independence and received Philippe Bunau-Varilla as its ambassador. Name this Central American nation with whom the US soon concluded a treaty granting the right to build and control a canal. PANAMA

10. His 1919 paper, A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes, which suggested sending a small rocket powered vehicle to the moon, was ignored and dismissed in the U.S. but attracted much interest in Germany. Americans later recognized the importance of his work, and in 1958 a Greenbelt, Maryland center for tracking spacecraft was named for him. Name this physicist, who in 1926 launched the first liquid-fuel-propelled rocket.

Robert Hutchings GODDARD

10. The first work in this movement is considered to be John Holmes’ 1952 novel Go. A rebellion against the 1950s’ “silent generation”, this group became prominent in the mid-1950s in New York and San Francisco. They rejected conventional society, which they saw as overly materialistic. In their lives and literature they supported Zen, jazz, drugs, and the individual. Identify this movement, whose members included Holmes, William Burroughs, Allen Ginsberg, and Jack Kerouac, who coined their name.

BEAT generation or BEATNIKS

13. The first edition of 1250 copies sold out on the day of release, November 24, 1859. Its first chapter is titled Variation under domestication, and its subtitle is The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. This seminal work of modern science and natural philosophy was inspired by the author’s reading of Thomas Malthus and his journey on the HMS Beagle. Name this Charles Darwin work on evolution.

The ORIGIN OF SPECIES by Means of Natural Selection

14. It recently hired former US Repeating Arms & Browning CEO Perry Odak as its CEO, a seemingly strange move for a company that donates profits from its Peace Pops to anti-handgun charities. Chairman and co-founder Ben Cohen had clashed with the previous CEO of this South Burlington, Vermont company for selling its French division despite France’s decision to continue nuclear testing. Identify this socially conscious maker of premium ice cream.

BEN & JERRY’S Homemade Inc.

18. After earning a law degree from the University of Belgrade, he worked as director of a state-owned gas company and as the director of a Belgrade bank. His political opposition, known as Zajedno, or together, protested his regime by marching each day through the streets of Sarajevo. Identify this president of Serbia during the Bosnian and Coration conflicts.

Slobodan MILOSEVIC

11. Doare Robinson of the South Dakota Historical Society suggested its creation in 1923. The chosen location was in Pennington Co. near the town of Keystone. Gutzon Borglum began it in August of 1927, and his son finished it in 1941. Only about six and a half of these years were actually productive, for workers faced inclement weather in the Black Hills. FTP name this sculpture honoring four American Presidents. MOUNT RUSHMORE National Memorial

13. Born on January 27, 1832 in Daresbury, Cheshire, he authored a mathematical treatise, Euclid and His Modern Rivals. Later, he wrote Phantasmagoria and Other Poems and Sylvie and Bruno. His most famous novel was written in 1862 for Alice Liddell, a daughter of the dean of his college. Name this author of The Hunting of the Snark and Through the Looking Glass, whose real name was Charles Lutwidge Dodgson. Lewis CARROLL

18. His work is characterized by the stripping down of human emotion and hopes to the essentials. An example is his 1961 novel How It Is, where two characters crawl toward each other through mud, surviving on a diet of canned sardines left by a vanished civilization. In the 1950s, he published a trilogy in French of interior monologues, Malloy, Malone Dies, and The Unnamable, and his works in the theatre of the absurd include the English Footfalls, Not I, and the French Endgame. Identify this Irish Nobel winner, who gained international recognition for his 1952 Waiting for Godot. Samuel BECKETT

TU1. Discovered by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808, it has a melting point of 649 degrees-Celsius and a boiling point of 1,107 degrees-Celsius. It is the second lightest metal that remains stable under ordinary conditions. FTP name this element which gives off a bright light when lit and which has an atomic number of 12. MAGNESIUM

13. He was orphaned at age 7 in 378 BC, and, 15 years later, after his guardians had squandered his inheritance, he successfully sued them. After collaborating with a lieutenant of Alexander the Great’s in his defection, he was exiled from Athens. Previously, he had opposed Alexander’s father in his four Philippics, beginning in 351 BC. FTP name this Athenian orator, who was said to practice his delivery by putting pebbles in his mouth. DEMOSTHENES

21. Accommodating over 23 thousand employees in over 3.7 million square feet of offices, this building was conceived by the US government as a way to centralize the offices of the now-defunct Department of War. FTP name this Arlington, Virginia, building, one of the world’s largest office buildings, the headquarters of the Department of Defense. PENTAGON

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 13 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

17. Born on November 14, 1889, this son of a wealthy Brahman lawyer from Kashmir joined the Indian National Congress in 1919 and became a leader of the nationalist movement. He later served as president of the Congress party from 1929 to 1931 and eventually held the position a total of six times. In 1942, he replaced Gandhi as the recognized leader of the National Congress Party. Name this first prime minister of independent India who died May 27, 1964 in New Delhi.

Jawaharlal NEHRU

14. This geometrical figure has a symmetry group of order 6, with three lines of symmetry spaced 120 degrees apart. If the side length of this regular two dimensional polygon is s, its area is s squared times the square root of three over four. FTP identify this figure also known as a regular 3-gon.

EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE

13. It has an area of 2,400 square miles, its county seat is Jefferson, and it is located in Northern Mississippi. In reality, Jefferson corresponds to Oxford and the county itself to Lafayette County, where its creator lived. It was first chronicled in the 1929 novel Sartoris, and was the setting of such works as The Town, The Mansion, and The Sound and the Fury. FTP identify this fictional locale used by William Faulkner.

YOKNAPATAWPHA County

15. Born in Hempstead, New York, in 1950, this six-foot-seven forward attended the University of Massachusetts before joining the Virginia Squires of the ABA, where he was the MVP three of his five years in the ABA. From 1976 to 1987, he played for the NBA's Philadelphia 76ers, winning the MVP award in 1981 and leading them to a championship in 1983. FTP name this basketball star, known as "Dr. J".

Julius Winfield ERVING

16. Although he was born in India and lived for ten years in Vermont, this Nobel laureate was clearly English. His writings ran the gamut from news articles to novel, short stories, and poems. FTP name this author of Many Inventions, Puck of Pook's Hill, The Light That Failed, Just So Stories for Little Children, Kim, and The Jungle Book. (Joseph) Rudyard KIPLING

16. Born near Uppsala, Sweden in 1859, this Swedish chemist became a professor of chemistry at the University of Stockholm in 1895 and director of the Nobel Institute of Physical Chemistry in 1905. He observed that the speed of chemical reactions increases markedly when the temperature is increased. Name this winner of the 1903 Nobel Prize in chemistry who formulated the theory of electrolytic dissociation in his doctoral thesis.

Svante August ARRHENIUS

17. During the Civil War, this resident of Taos was the colonel of the New Mexico volunteers, and repelled a confederate invasion. However, he is better known for his exploits as a trapper and mountain man in the Rocky Mountains from 1827 to 1842. Name this Kentucky-born frontiersman who in 1842 became John Fremont’s guide in Oregon and California.

Christopher “Kit” CARSON

8. His first poetry collection, Love Poems and Others, was published in 1913, shortly after the beginning of his intense, troubled relationship with Frieda Weekley. They went to America in 1922 at the invitation of wealthy admirer Mabel Dodge, and such poems as “Snake,” from the collection Birds, Beasts, and Flowers, came from his stay in Taos. Fascinated with the Aztec culture he saw in Mexico, wrote The Plumed Serpent. FTP, name this man, whose other works include TheRainbow and Sons and Lovers. Answer: D(avid) H(erbert) Lawrence

11. It is located on the Amper River, 11 miles northwest of Munich in Bavaria. An old market town since the 9th century A.D., it was chartered in 1391, and is the site of a famous 16th century castle. However, it is infamous as the site of the death and slaughter of an estimated 70,000 people between 1933 and 1945. Name this site of the first Nazi concentration camp.

DACHAU

19. Due to its length, it is often presented along with Mascagni’s short opera Cavalleria Rusticana. In this opera, Tonio, a deformed clown, makes love to Canio’s wife Nedda. Canio, who sings the aria Vesti la giubba to close act I, grills Nedda to find her lover’s identity, and ultimately stabs her when she will not tell. Name this 1892 work by Ruggiero Leoncavallo. PAGLIACCI

9. Called "Umbanda" or "Quimbanda" in Brazil, its liturgical language is Yoruba. The oldest of the gods, or orisha, is Obatala, and the highest order of priest is the omnipotent Babalawo. FTP name this syncretic religion blending ancient West African rites with Catholicism, whose name is derived from the Spanish for "saint". [Santeria]

20. He fled Rome after murdering a man in 1606, and spent the rest of his life wandering through Italy and the Mediterranean. This painter, born Michaelangelo Merisi, was unsuccessful until Cardinal Francesco del Monte purchased a group of his paintings, including The Fortune Teller and The Musical Party. FTP name this artist, who turned to religious subjects in his later work, including the St. Paul cycle, Nativity, and the St. Matthew cycle, which includes the famous Calling of St. Matthew.

Michaelangelo Merisi da CARAVAGGIO

10. After a bit part in Bananas, he and Henry Winkler got rave reviews for a low-budget film, The Lords of Flatbush. His efforts at establishing a serious reputation in such films as F.I.S.T. generally flopped. FTP name this actor who starred in such films as Tango and Cash, Stop! Or My Mom Will Shoot, First Blood, and Rocky.

Sylvester STALLONE

14. He was born in 1313 in Certaldo and lived in Naples from 1327 to 1341. There he wrote Diana's Hunt, the first Italian hunting poem. He moved to Florence in 1341, where he lived until his 1375 death. He helped foster the Humanism movement both with his Latin treatises and his attempt, on the recommendation of Petrarch, to have Homer translated. Name this Italian author, whose works include the Filostrato and the Decameron.

Giovanni BOCCACCIO

11. Born in Vienna in 1887, this Austrian physicist was the director of the Institute of Advanced Study in Dublin from 1940 to 1955. In 1926, he published his theory that electrons must follow discrete standing waves in their orbits around atomic nuclei. His theories, along with Werner Heisenberg's, form the foundation of quantum mechanics. Name this winner of the 1933 Nobel Prize in physics along with Paul Dirac.

Erwin SCHRÖDINGER

9. Originally this term referred to a group of singers and dancers in religious festivals, but later evolved to mean the dramatic element which reflected the opinions of the masses and commented on the action in Greek drama. Identify this dramatic device, occasionally used by Shakespeare. CHORUS

24. During this stage when ho-mol-o-gous chromosomes have paired up and moved to the equatorial plane of the spindle, the centromeres line up along the middle and attach to the spindle fibers. For ten points, what phase of mitosis follows prophase? metaphase

1. Its capital is Bandar Seri Begawan. Thanks to oil revenues, its sultan is the richest man in the world, having an estimated worth of 30 billion dollars. FTP name this nation, which borders Malaysia on the island of Borneo. BRUNEI

20. Her real name was Matowaka, but she is referred to by her nickname, which translates as “frisky”. At age 17, she was captured and held as a hostage by English colonists. She married a colonist, cementing a temporary peace, and was taken to England, where she received a royal audience and was baptized as Rebecca. Identify this wife of John Rolfe who supposedly convinced her father, Powhatan, to spare John Smith’s life.

POCAHONTAS

21. He wrote about his early days with United Press during World War II in Washington Goes to War. Later he joined NBC and teamed with Chet Huntley for a long-running nightly newscast. Though known for keeping his own opinion out of his reporting, he was caught on television soon after the 1996 presidential elections calling Bill Clinton “a bore”. Identify this newsman, who interviewed Clinton on his final This Week telecast that week. David BRINKLEY

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 14 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

21. They belong to family Crotalidae and are split into two genera: Sistrurus, containing the massasauga and pygmy varieties; and Crotalus, containing such varieties as the water, horned, prairie, and timber, and characterized by foreheads covered with small scales. Their most distinctive feature is made up of “buttons” produced by molting their skins. FTP, name these poisonous members of the pit viper family, known for their distinctive noise.

Answer: rattlesnakes

16. He served in the Moroccan war, becoming a respected officer, and in 1923, became leader of the Spanish Foreign legion. He defeated the Moroccan leader Abd el-Krim at Alhucemas Bay, and in 1926 became Spain’s youngest general. In 1936 he led an invasion of southern Spain during the Nationalist rebellion. Name this man, appointed head of state in 1936, who ruled Spain until his death in 1975 and (as Chevy Chase used to point out) is still dead. Francisco FRANCO

1. According to superstition, this gem cures dysentery, preserves chastity, prevents epilepsy, and facilitates childbirth. It is a transparent type of the mineral beryl. The finest examples are mined from limestone in deposits discovered in the 16th century in Colombia. Name this gem which gets its green color from small amounts of chromic chloride and is the birthstone for May.

EMERALD

3. Also known as Rapa Nui, this triangular-shaped Chilean island was named in 1722 by a Dutch explorer for a holiday. Name this island, famous for its indecipherable wooden tablets and megaliths.

EASTER ISLAND

9. He began his clothing line, The Danger Zone, after food poisoning prevented him from competing in the Barcelona Olympics. For the Atlanta games, Nike made him 9 pairs of gold shoes. Name this American runner, who won the men’s 400 meter race and set a new world’s record in the 200 meter race.

Michael JOHNSON

17. In 1958, he presented a petition against nuclear testing to the United Nations signed by 11,000 scientists. Five years later, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. He is most noted for his major contributions to chemistry and biochemistry, including work on protein structure and sickle-cell disease. Name this recipient of the 1954 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, whose 1939 book The Nature of the Chemical Bond is one of the most influential scientific works of the century.

Linus Carl PAULING

11. It began in 1961, when the British attorney Peter Benenson received an overwhelming response for his appeal on behalf of prisoners of conscience. In 1977, it was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for “securing the ground for freedom, for justice, and thereby also for peace in the world.” Today, it has sections in dozens of nations and a membership of over 500,000. FTP name this organization, which opposes torture and the death penalty and issues reports on international human rights abuses.

AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL

18. Born in 1948 in Chateauroux, France, he left home at age 13 and was featured in Nathalie Granger in 1972. He also starred in Going Places, Maitresse, and The Last Woman. Name this actor who played the protagonist in such films as Cyrano de Bergerac, Green Card, and 1492.

Gerard DEPARDIEU

4. Born in 1910 in modern day Pakistan, this American theoretical astrophysicist was educated in India and at Trinity College, Cambridge. He determined that a star with a mass of more than 1.44 times that of the mass of the sun cannot directly become a white dwarf. FTP name this astrophysicist who shared the Nobel Prize for physics in 1983. Subrahmanyan CHANDRASEKHAR

5. Boswell described him as "an ugly, affected, disgusting fellow." This man was a member of the House of Commons during the American Revolution, but did not speak once. Name this historian known for his six volume History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Edward GIBBON

TU1. It was begun about 1307, and finished just before its author’s 1321 death. It is composed in terza rima, and consists of 100 cantos comprising over 14,000 lines. In its first main section, Vergil leads the author through the circles of Hell, and in the third, his lady Beatrice leads the author through heaven. Identify this Dante poem, composed of the Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso.

The Divine Comedy; accept Commedia; prompt on Inferno, Purgatorio, or Paradiso

TU1. Before the American Revolution, he was a bookseller, and after it, he founded the Society of the Cincinnati and was the Commander of West Point. During the war, he commanded artillery forces at the Battles of Yorktown, Trenton, and Monmouth, and organized a temporary artillery school. Identify this first Secretary of War, who brought 55 pieces of artillery from Fort Ticonderoga to Boston, helping to save the city.

Henry KNOX

21. It covers about 18 acres, and has 132 rooms. Its interior was rebuilt and its outer walls were strengthened from 1948 to 1952. It was designed by James Hoban, and its first residents moved in November of 1800. Fourteen years later, however, it was burned by the British during the war of 1812. Identify this building, located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC.

The WHITE HOUSE

TOSSUPS -- ROUND 15 TREVOR’S TRIVIA: BOB SELCER MEMORIAL 1998

14. He was born in 1530 to Vasily III, the Grand Duke of Moscow. In 1547, instead of being crowned Grand Duke, he was made Tsar, the first to hold that title. He annexed Kazan and Astrakhan, began trade contacts with western Europe, drew up a new legal code, and founded a national assembly. However, left bitter by the 1560 death of his wife Anastasia Romanov, he avenged himself against the wealthy boyars who he blamed for his wife’s death. Name this ruler who killed somewhere between 400 and 10,000 Russian lords from 1560 until his death in 1584.

IVAN IV or IVAN THE TERRIBLE

15. One of its molecules is a single strand about 80 nucleotides long, which folds back around on itself to form a cloverleaf shape. Its function is to move amino acids from the cytoplasm’s amino acid pool to a ribosome. FTP, name this type of nucleic acid, which binds its anticodon to a complementary codon of mRNA.

Transfer RNA

1. Born in Kansas City, Missouri in 1925, this motion-picture director, producer, and screenwriter directed McCabe and Mrs. Miller, The Long Goodbye, and Nashville in the 1970's. In the 80’s he directed Popeye and Tanner '88. Name this director best known for his movies M*A*S*H, The Player, and Short Cuts.

Robert ALTMAN

2. Born in Borge, Norway in 1872, this Norwegian explorer determined the position of the north magnetic pole during an expedition from 1903 to 1906. Name this first person to reach the South Pole on December 14, 1911. Roald AMUNDSEN

6. Born in 1889 in Kiev, this aeronautical engineer and manufacturer was educated in Saint Petersburg, Kiev, and Paris. In 1913, he designed, built, and flew the first successful multi-engine airplane. Name this inventor who, in the late 1930s, produced the first successful helicopter in the western hemisphere.

Igor Ivanovich SIKORSKY

15. Its literal meaning is an appearance of a deity. Joyce, who used this device extensively in his work, called it “the sudden understanding of the whatness of a thing”. Identify this literary term, which signifies any moment of heightened awareness, or flash of transcendental insight, in which an ordinary object is transformed into something of great significance. EPIPHANY

8. This battle lasted only about 40 minutes. About 5,000 Highlanders engaged 9,000 Redcoats; however, the Highlanders lost about a thousand men while the Redcoats only lost about 50. This was probably due to the Highlanders’ dubious tactic of charging straight at the English cannon. Also known as the Battle of Drummossie, it ended the “Forty-five Rebellion” and attempts by the Jacobites to restore a Stuart to the English throne. FTP, name this 1746 battle in which William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, defeated Bonnie Prince Charlie. Ans: Battle of Culloden Moor

4) In 1866 he was appointed conductor of the newly established Czech opera house in Prague, but he resigned in 1874 because of sudden deafness. He continued to compose, however, and produced some of his greatest works in the last years of his life. Some of his works include the cycle of six symphonic poems My Country. He wrote 8 operas including, The Kiss, The Secret, and The Brandenburgers in Bohemia. FTP name this composer of the comic opera The Bartered Bride and the tone poem The Moldau.

Bedrich Smetana

TU1. This woman won the Olympics women’s single figure skating gold medal twice. She represented East Germany in Sarajevo and in Calgary. Although she turned professional, she was later reinstated as an amateur skater representing the unified Germany in the Olympics in Lilliehammer, Norway. Skating to Where Have All the Flowers Gone?, she finished in sixth place. Name her.

Katarina WITT

2. You will have ten seconds to answer the following question. FTP find the complex quotient, in the form a + bi [a plus b I]: 1/(2+i) [one divided by the quantity 2 plus i].

(2-1)/5 (the quantity two minus i over five) or 2/5 - 1/5i (two fifths minus one fith i)

19. Principally used in platinum alloys, it melts at about 1,966 degrees-Celsius and boils at about 3,727 degrees-Celsius. This transition metal’s name comes from the Greek for "rose". FTP name this element discovered by William Hyde Wollaston whose atomic number is 45 and whose chemical symbol is Rh.

RHODIUM

18. In 1976, his brother was killed during the rescue of hostages at the Entebbe airport in Uganda. In his brother’s honor, he founded the Johnathan Institute, an anti-terrorism think tank in Israel. Identify this Likud leader who defeated Shimon Peres in 1996 to become Prime Minister of Israel.

Binjamin NETANYAHU

21. According to Sir Walter Scott, it was originally a ship carrying precious metal on which a vicious murder was committed, with an outbreak of plague following. Thus, no port would allow the vessel entrance. Wagner attributed its eternal wandering to the oath of its captain to round the Cape of Good Hope, even if it takes forever to do so. Name this legendary ghost ship.

The FLYING DUTCHMAN

TOSSUP 22’s

4. Begun in the mid 1800s, its construction was halted during the Civil War. The aluminum coating on its top was, at the time, the most expensive material used in its construction. Today it is the only structure in Washington DC that is taller than the Capitol. FTP what is this monument that stands in the middle of the Mall ?

the WASHINGTON MONUMENT

It's what the "A" stood for in the name of former Sen. A. Willis Robertson (father of televangelist Pat). In a 1681 verse by Dryden, it's one of the title characters, who represents Charles II's illegitimate son the Duke of Monmouth. In Alan Paton's Cry, the Beloved Country, it's the wayward son of Rev. Stephen Kumalo. And it appears in the title of the 1936 Faulkner novel about Thomas Sutpen's failed efforts to found an aristocratic Southern family. FTP what's this name, also the rebellious 3rd son of David in the Bible? [Absalom]

It was prompted by a series of papers presented to the Philological Society in 1857 by R.C. Trench. J.A.H. Murray became its editor & charted a tough new course. The first volume appeared in 1884; it was dedicated to Queen Victoria, but the last volume appeared two monarchs later in 1928. It had 252,259 entries, not counting those in the supplements. FTP name this mammoth lexicon designed to encompass the entire formal and substantive history of the English language. [Oxford English Dictionary]

18. The largest is the priodontes giganteus of eastern South America, which grows up to 5 feet long and 130 pounds. There are 9 genera and 20 species of this animal that belongs to the family Dasypodidae and order Edentata. FTP name this nocturnal mammal, whose name means “small armored one.” ARMADILLO

He used to entertain his daughter with a story he made up about young Jeremy and his encounter with the Baby Snoogle-Fleejer. When his daughter became a grad student in art history, she illustrated her dad's story and it's been published as a children's picture book. His previous books include Everything to Gain, The Blood of Abraham and Why Not the Best? FTP name this author, whose other career included stints as Governor of Georgia and President of the U.S. [Jimmy Carter]

. The term first appeared labeling a bucket of tar in a Herblock cartoon. Ironically, its namesake was not among the 4 Republican leaders pictured dragging the GOP elephant toward the tar. FTP give the term for the discrediting of political opponents by claiming they had close ties to Communists, named for the Wisconsin senator who perfected the technique. [McCarthyism]

UNUSED

11. P.J. O'Rourke described them as “trying to enforce the kind of propriety, the mores, that were usual in American society, at every income level, 25 years ago...But modern society has become so lawless and screwy that they have had to start a street gang to teach people decorum." FTP name this allegedly nonviolent vigilante group, founded by Curtis Sliwa, whose uniform is topped by a red beret. [the Guardian Angels]

18. Thirty-one stories, 2 novels, and an assortment of speeches provide the corpus of this author's work. Other than two years spent studying at the University of Iowa, this writer never left her birth state. FTP, what author published her first novel, _Wise Blood_, in 1952, shortly after contracting the blood disease lupus?

[Flannery O’Conner]

4) His adopted names come from Kikuyu words for "burning spear" and "fancy belt". A student of Bronislaw Malinowski at the London School of Economics, his thesis examined the traditional life of the Kikuyu. His politics ranged all over the map: Communist in the 1930s, nationalist in the 50s, capitalist in the 70s, urging the people of the country he helped to win independence to "pull together" with the slogan of "Harambee." For 10 points, identify this African leader, alleged instigator of the Mau Mau uprising and first President of Kenya. ANSWER: Jomo Kenyatta

16. In 1951 this scientist started work at King's College & began to investigate the crystal structure of DNA. Her colleague at King's College was Maurice Wilkins, who believed she was there only to assist and augment

his research. As a result, her x-ray crystallographs proving DNA's double helix structure were ignored. FTP, name this scientist. Answer: Rosalind Franklin

20. These sisters live near the Well of Urd (oord) at the foot of Yggdrasil. They see what is, what was, & what will be. Their names are Erd, Skuld, & Verdandi. FTP, name this group of Norse fates.

Answer: The Norns (acc: their names if answered before any are mentioned)

7. This Governor of New York made an unsuccessful bid for the Democratic Presidential nomination in 1924. With running mate Sen. Joseph Robinson, in 1928 he got the nod and became the first Catholic to run on a major party ticket for President. Critics argued that electing him would be “granting the Pope the right to dictate to this government what it should do.” For 10 points, name this man who lost against Herbert Hoover.

ANSWER: Alfred E. Smith

13. Because the works he studied included much erotica, his widow Isabel burned his voluminous and irreplaceable notes. One of his lesser-known works is a firsthand study of the Mormons in Utah in the 1850’s. Reputedly able to speak 35 oriental languages, he travelled widely, often disguised as a Muslim. He made two attempts to find the source of the Nile; during the second, in 1857-58, along with future rival John Speke, he reached Lake Tanganyika. FTP, who was this British translator and explorer, who also translated a version of The Arabian Nights? Richard Burton

9. Born in Madrid, he was taken to live with his mother in Boston in 1872 when he was nine. Attending Harvard College, this man earned his doctorate in philosophy under William James. While at Oxford during WWI, he wrote "Egotism in German Philosophy," which demonstrated his allegiance to the Allied cause. His autobiography, "Persons and Places," was published in 3 volumes from 1944 to 1953. FTP, name this philosopher, whose best known works are "The Sense of Beauty" and "The Life of Reason."

Answer: George Santayana

1) Strength of schedule, the Jeff Sagarin Power Rating System, both the AP and Coaches/CNN polls, the final rankings listed in the Seattle and New York Times: these are many of the variables that hopefully will dissolve parity in college football's postseason and establish a true national champion. FTP, name this system, proposed by the Southeastern Conference's commissioner, Roy Kramer, that will come to fruition on Jan. 4, 1999, at the Fiesta Bowl in Tempe, Arizona. the Bowl Championship Series

2) "Riding up the winding road of St. Agnes Cemetery in the back of the rattling old truck, Francis Phelan became aware that the dead, even more than the living, settled down in neighborhoods." So begins the final novel of the "Albany Cycle" which included LEGS, BILLY PHELAN'S GREATEST GAME, and this depression-era story of a drunk ex-ballplayer who has come back to Albany with his pal, Helen, to find redemption. FTP, name this novel, winner of the 1984 Pulitzer Prize, penned by William Kennedy.

Ironweed

5) Soviet Russia renounced its claim to Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania -- and to Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Ukraine, and Finland. Luckily for the Soviets, the Central Powers lost anyway and were forced to renounce this treaty as a condition of the armistice. FTP name this March 1918 treaty in which the war-weary Bolsheviks gave the Germans and Turks everything they wanted. [Treaty of Brest-Litovsk]

10) A historic marker along this river commemorates the first Mormon baptisms. Tributaries include the Chemung, Chenango, Towanda, and Lackawanna. It empties into the Chesapeake at Have de Grace, Maryland. FTP name this river, on the banks of which lie Binghamton, NY, and Wilkes-Barre and Harrisburg, PA.

[Susquehanna]

4. He made his name in Italy as a composer of operas, composing nine between 1904 and 1935, and in 1919 he was commissioned by Diaghilev to arrange andorchestrate the ballet La Boutique fantastique from Rossini's original music. However, he is best known for his series of impressionistic tone poems, which owe much to Rimsky-Korsakov, from whom he took compostion lessons. FTP, name this Italian composer whose best known works include Roman Festivals (1929), Three Botticelli Pictures (1927), The Fountains of Rome (1917), and The Pines of Rome (1924). Ottorino Respighi

3. In 1911 he noted that Polaris was a Cepheid. In 1913 he became the first to estimate actual distance of some Cepheid variables; Shipley used his work in determining the shape of the Milky Way. His most important work lay unnoticed for ten years, mainly because he'd published it in a semipopular photographic journal in 1905. FTP name this Danish astronomer, whose observation of the relationship between the color of stars and their luminosity was discovered independently by H.N. Russell. [Ejnar Hertzsprung]

3. About 4,800 mostly inexperienced troops took up a defensive position in a narrow mountain gap against 16,000 troops who had marched through the desert to a village eight miles south of Saltillo. Jefferson Davis’ 1st Mississippi Volunteers helped repel an attack by Santa Anna’s men on Zachary Taylor’s left flank, and the Mexicans suffered 1,500 casualties before retreating. FTP, what was this February 22-3, 1847 battle of the Mexican War? Answer: Battle of Buena Vista

20. It begins with a visit from Sergeant Major Morris and ends with the line “The streetlamp flickering opposite shone on a quiet and deserted road.” In between, an old couple’s son dies in a work accident, they are given a large compensatory payment, and the son apparently comes back to life and is banished again, all because of three wishes. FTP, name the object responsible for these events and you’ve named the 1902 short story by W. W. Jacobs. Answer: “The Monkey’s Paw”

4. The result of this biological process is that one gamete receives two of the same type of chromosome, and another gamete receives no copy. This is caused by a failure of a pair of homologous chromosomes to move apart properly in meiosis I, or the failure of sister chromatids to separate during meiosis II. FTP, name this process, which in humans often results in Down’s Syndrome. Ans: Nondisjunction

R1. Sir Robert Walpole said he controlled this man “by bad Latin and good punch.” Walpole’s office of Prime Minister came into being during this king’s reign in order to carry out the executive duties, for this English King took little interest in England and spoke no English. Identify this first Hanover King of England.

GEORGE I or George LEWIS

17. He demonstrated that prussic acid was composed only of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. In 1815 he identified that a combination of one carbon atom and one nitrogen atom formed a compound radical. Today, he is best known for his work with gases, which supported Dalton’s atomic theory and inspired Avogadro’s hypothesis. Identify this French chemist and physicist who rediscovered Charles’ Law and found that gases combine chemically in simple proportions by volume. Joseph-Louis GAY-LUSSAC

8. This transitional element's discovery is credited to Carl Wilhelm Scheele by some, while others name the D'Elhuyar brothers as its discoverers. It has the highest melting point of any metal at 3,410 degrees-Celsius. One of its principal uses is as a filament in incandescent lamps. Name this element whose symbol comes from its Latin name, wolfram.

TUNGSTEN

11. The name of their capital, Cuzco, means “navel” in the Quechua language. Though this civilization lacked a written language, they used knotted string devices to record numbers for accounting, census, and other purposes. Their 20,000 mile road system formed a transportation network over which messengers could travel as much as 150 miles per day. Name this empire and people, conquered by Francisco Pizarro in 1532.

INCA

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