Adderall Background Information - University of Kentucky



Addiction, Adderall , and the BrainAdderall Background InformationTherapeutic use is to treat ADHD and narcolepsy (autoimmune destruction of hypocretin-secreting neurons resulting in a loss of function in sleep/wake cycle)One of the most abused drugs on college campusesIncrease in probability of Adderall use occurs with other drugs of abuse useSimilar structure to MDMA and methamphetamine Side EffectsDisrupted heart rhythm and increased blood pressureLoss of appetiteHeadachesDryness of mouthIssues sleepingIncrease chances of alcohol poisoningLong Term Abuse EffectsCardiovascular problemsDepressionHostility/StressParanoia/DelusionsInhibits growth in childrenWhy is it abusedCauses a sense of euphoriaReleases 5-HT, DA, & AdrenalinePsychologically & Physical addictionAdderall Effects on the BrainAmphetamines in Adderall can bing to receptors activated by catecholamine produced by the hypothalamus and adrenal medullaCauses an increased release of neurotransmitters that activate sensory regions in nervous systemInhibits function of monoamine transportersBoosts neurotransmitters in the brain (DA and norepinephrine)Monoamines function to re-uptake and recycle catecholamine neurotransmitters which stops neural signalAmphetamines are transported from the synapse through transporters into the presynaptic transmitters as catecholamine are returned to presynaptic neuronsIncreased level on neurotransmitters in presynaptic neuron causes the cell to depolarizeAmphetamines act as monoamine oxidase enzyme inhibitorIssues with ALL Adderall UseCauses hallucinationsLong term use permanently alters brain (synaptic plasticity)Continued loss of DAAdderall tricks brain to stop DA synthesisLoss of catecholamineWhy do students continue to abuse Adderall?Biblography ................
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