English Language Arts, Expository Writing Unit



Parts of Speech Unit 3, Adjectives, Lesson 5: The Numerical AdjectivesStandards Met: Standards Met: This lesson is part of the English Language Arts, Parts of Speech Unit 3, Adjectives, and meets the standards and activates the habits of mind delineated in that unit plan document. Big Ideas: written numbers as adjectives, numbers as modifiers of nouns, parts of speech, English usage. This lesson aims to help students construct an understanding of both ordinal and cardinal numbers as adjectives. Students will understand that both cardinal and ordinal numbers are nouns, but may also be used as adjectives in the declarative sentence; furthermore, students will understand that any cardinal number larger than one, when used as an adjective, must be followed by a plural noun. Prior knowledge activated: Subjects and predicates, nouns, predicate nouns, predicated adjectives, demonstrative adjectives, attributive adjectives, grammatically complete sentences. Students will be able to differentiate between cardinal and ordinal numbers and use these numerical adjectives to construct grammatically complete sentences; students will pay special attention to the fact that with numerical adjectives larger than one, plural nouns always follow.Classroom Aim: What is a cardinal number? What is an ordinal number? How do we use cardinal and ordinal numbers as adjectives?Do Now: 1. Parsing Sentences Worksheet: Nouns 2; 2. Cultural Literacy Selection: carpe diemClass Work: Guided inquiry into the use of numerical adjectives (i.e. ordinal numbers) using a teacher-made worksheet which asks students to complete a series of modified cloze exercises in which they use either—given the sense of the sentence, which this lesson calls upon students to infer—ordinal or cardinal numbers as adjectives to complete the sentence. Students will subsequently, as independent practice, compose six sentences using both cardinal and ordinal numbers as adjectives.Independent Practice: Compose six sentences –three each for cardinal and ordinal numbers—demonstrating understanding of ordinal and cardinal numbers as adjectives.Methods and Materials: This lesson uses formal guided inquiry as its method of delivery—in this case a reading passage in which students will identify all the nouns. However, students will be required, as independent practice (i.e. homework) to compose six sentences “from the ground up” using adjectives in their proper declensions and forms to demonstrate their understanding of these words’ correct use. This lesson is presented as a highly structured guided inquiry. Therefore, it is designed to meet the needs of struggling and/or alienated students who deal with impediments to learning, including low levels of reading and writing ability, attention deficits, executive function weakness, or a variety of other behavioral and cognitive impairments and disabilities. Therefore, this lesson may have as many as four different versions of its do-now exercises, and scaffolded worksheets, edited for students’ reading ability. While this lesson addresses a skill necessary to achievement in the English language arts curriculum, its general focus is on enhancing students’ overall literacy and facility with language This lesson’s particular focus is to address difficulties in writing, particularly at the level of the grammatically complete expository sentence, by teaching syntax, grammar, and style synthetically. Please see Parts of Speech Unit 3: Adjectives Unit Plan for a fuller exposition of the students this lesson is meant to serve and its methods in meeting their needs.Need for Lesson: ELA POS UP3A LP5*lp; ELA POS UP3A LP5*dn1; ELA POS UP3A LP5*dn2; ELA POS UP3A LP5*ws; ELA POS UP3A LP5*wstcKey Points and Connections:Make sure students understand that cardinal numbers larger than one are always followed by a plural noun, and that any ordinal number will precede only singular nouns.Help students understand the difference between cardinal and ordinal numbers by a Socratic interrogation playing with the word ordinal and its relation to order, as in the order in which things happen.Essential Questions:What is an adjective?What is the relationship between adjectives and the other parts of speech?What is a cardinal number?What is an ordinal number?What is the difference between a cardinal and an ordinal number?What is a numerical adjective? How are numerical adjectives used in sentences?Next Lesson: Parts of Speech Unit 3, Lesson 6: The Definite and Indefinite Article ................
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