ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH

ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH

The Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) A Scientific Committee of the International Council for Science (ICSU)

VOLUME 34. NUMBER 2

SOLAR VARIABILITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

CONTENTS

Preface: Solar Variability and Climate Changes

227

A'. Labitzke, J. Pap, J.R. Kuhn and St. A. Shea

SECTION 1--IRRADIANCE MEASUREMENTS, EMPIRICAL MODELS, AND MECHANISMS

Solar Irradiance Variability - Comparison of Models and Observations

231

P. A. Fox. J.M. Fontcnla and O.R. White

Solar Irradiance Variability: Progress in Measurement and Empirical Analysis

237

G. de Totna, O.R. While, G.A. Chapman and S.R. Walton

Status of UARS Solar UV Irradiance Data

243

M.T. DeLand, L.E. Floyd. G.J. Rottman and J.M. Pap

The 530.3 nm Corona Irradiance from 1939 to 2001

251

V. Rmin. M. Ryhansky and M. Minarovjech

Solar Irradiance Reference Spectra for Two Solar Active Levels

256

G. Thuillier, L. Floyd, T.N. Woods. R. Cebula, E. llilsenrath, M. lier.se and I). Uihs

Photometry of the Full Solar Disk at the San Fernando Observatory

262

G.A. Chapman. A.M. Cookson, J.J. Dohias, D.G. Preminger and S.R. Walton

Variation in the Network Flux as Derived from the Calcium K-Line Profiles as Function of

Latitude and Solar Cycle Phase

265

J. Singh, I. Gholami and S. Muneer

Study of Differences Between Sunspot Area Data Determined from Ground-Based and Space-

Borne Observations

269

L. Gyb'ri, T. Baranyi, M. Tunmm and J. M. Pap

An Analysis of Solar-Cycle Temporal Relationships Among Activity Indicators

274

A'. T. Bachmann, //. Maymani, K. Nautiyal and V. te Vclde

On The Free Energy of the Solar Cycles

282

I.S. Veselovsky

The Earthshinc Project: Update on Photometric and Speclroscopic Measurements

288

E. Palle, P.M. Rodriguez, P.R. Goode, J. Qiu. V. Yurchyshyn, J. Hickey, M.-C. Chit. E. Kolhe,

C. T. Brown and S.E. Kooirin

The Earthshine Spectrum

293

P.M. Rodriguez, ?. Palli; P.R. Goode, J. Hickey, J. Qiu, V. Yurchyshyn, M.C. Clm. E. Kolhe.

C. T. Brown and S. E. Koonin

Solar-Cycle Variation of Near-Sun Sky Brightness Observed with Coronagraphs

297

T. Sakurai, V. Rusin and M. Minarovjech

Irradiance and Solar Cycle Variability: Clues in Cycle Phase Properties

302

JR. Kuhn

Spectroscopic Line-Depth Ratios and Solar Variability

308

D.F. Grav

SECTION 2--NATURAL CLIMATE VARIATIONS AND CLIMATE MODELLING

1000 Years of Climate Change

3! 5

C.F. Keller

11-Year Solar Cycle in the Stratosphere Extracted by the Empirical Mode Decomposition Method

323

A'. T. Coughlin and K. K. Tung

'

vi

Contents

Impact of Natural Variability in the 11-Year Mesopause Region Temperature Observation Over

Fort Collins, CO (41?N, 105?W)

330

C. Y. She and D.A. Krueger

Simulations of Stratospheric Flow Regimes During Northern Hemisphere Winter

337

S.N. Sparrow, L.J. Gray, M. Juckes, A. O'Neill and D.G. Andrews

Solar Forcing of Climate: Model Results

343

M.A. Palmer, L.J. Gray, M.R. Allen and W.A. Norton

A Simple Model of Solar Variability Influence on Climate

349

A. Ruzmaikin, J.K. Lawrence and A.C. Cadavid

Influence of Solar UV Irradiance on Quasi-Biennial Oscillations in the Earth's Atmosphere

355

/. Gabis and O. Troshichev

Solar Variability and Global Warming: A Statistical Comparison Since 1850

361

N.A. Krivova and S.K. Solanki

The Main Periodicities in the Minimum Extreme Temperature in Northern Mexico and their

Relation with Solar Variability

365

D. Maravilla, B. Mendoza, E. Jauregui and A. Lara

Bidecadal Cycles in Liquid Precipitations in Brazil

370

A. A. Gusev, I.M. Martin, M.G.S. Mello, V. Pankov, G. Pugacheva, N.G. Schuch and

W.N. Spjeldvik

Weather Reacting to Geomagnetic Storms

376

E. Illes-Almar

SECTION 3--PARTICLE VARIATIONS AND CLIMATE

Solar Energetic Particle Variations

381

D. V. Reames

Variability of Solar Eruptions During Cycle 23

391

N. Gopalswamy, S. Nunes, S. Yashiro and R.A. Howard

Variations in the Cosmic Radiation, 1890-1986, and the Solar and Terrestrial Implications

397

KG. McCracken, J. Beer and F.B. McDonald

Solar Activity, Cosmic Rays, Clouds and Climate--An Update

407

J.E. Kristjansson, J. Kristiansen and E. Kaas

Cosmic Rays and Terrestrial Temperature: Is there a Direct Longterm Relation?

416

B. Mendoza, J. Ramirez and G. Cordero

Preliminary Study of Cosmic Rays, Geomagnetic Field Changes and Possible Climate Changes

420

M.A. Shea and D.F. Smart

Climate Oscillations and Abrupt Changes in C14 Data

426

T.V. Kuznetsova and L.B. Tsirulnik

The Sun and the Solar Wind Variability of Different Time-Scales and the Climate Dynamics

432

L.N. Makarova and A. V. Shirochkov

IHV: A New Long-Term Geomagnetic Index

436

L. Svalgaard, E. W. Cliver and P. Le Sager

Contents

vii

SECTION 4--INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH ACTIVITIES: REPORTS AND FUTURE RESEARCH

Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System: CAWSES

443

B. Schmieder, B. Vincent, W. Baumjohann, T. Ono, S. Basu and J. Lean

ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Use of RHESSI Observations to Determine the Origin and Fate of Non-Thermal Flare Electrons 451 M.E. Machado and C.H. Mandrini

Visibility-Based Demodulation of RHESSI Light Curves

456

K. Arzner

Hard X-Ray Solar Flare Polarimetry with RHESSI

462

M.L. McConnell, D.M. Smith, A.G. Emslie, G.J. Hurford, R.P. Lin and J.M. Ryan

Telemachus: A Mission for a Polar View of Solar Activity

467

E.C. Roelof, G.B. Andrews, P.C. Liewer and D. Moses

Author Index

473

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