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Unit Six

Language

Focus

I. ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF CONDITION ( review)

|TYPE |IF - clause |MAIN clause |

|I |Simple present |Will + bare infinitive |

|Present- real | |Simple present |

|condition | |Imparative mood (V/Don’t+object) |

|II |Past subjunctive |Would + bare infinitive |

|Present unreal | |(could / might) |

|condition | | |

NOTES:

• Unless = If…..not….

• Or / with/ without

• In case

• If only

• Only if / providing that/ provided that

eg:

a. I’m afraid the battery is dead. Unless I buy a new one, the car won’t start.

( If I don’t buy a new one, the car won’t start.)

b. The cowboy has to be quicker to pull the trigger of his gun or the rattlesnake bites him on the ankle.

• If the cowboy is quicker to pull the trigger of his gun, the rattlesnake will not bite him on the ankle.

• If the cowboy is not quicker to pull the trigger of his gun, the rattlesnake will bite him on the ankle.

c. Without your help, the manager can’t finish his prject on time.

• If there is no your help, the manager can’t finish his project on time.

• If you don’t help the manager, he can’t finish his project on time.

II. ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF REASON ( review)

NOTES:

1. Because + subject + verb + object. ( adverb clause of reason)

|because of | Noun |

| |+ Noun phrase |

| |V –ing phrase |

|( be +) due to | |

2.

eg:

d. We delayed our trip because the weather was bad.

• We delayed our trip because of the bad weather.

e. Sue’s eyes were red because she had been crying.

• Because of crying, Sue’s eyes were red.

f. His low grade was due to lack of study.

( His low grade was caused by lack of study.)

3. Noun phrase

• Noun + of + noun

• Noun ‘s + noun

• (a/ an/ the/ my/his/…..) + adjective + NOUN

III. ADJECTIVES / ADVERBS ( review)

• An adjective is a word or a set of word to modify a noun or a pronoun

eg: It is a cute dog.

You can see a high school senior from the long didtance.

• An adverb is a word or a set of word to modify a verb, an adjective or another adverb

eg: Jorge works out strenuously.

That old man is living in a basement.

❖ Adjective – Adverb

1. He acted excellently.

He was

2. They learn English easily.

They think English is

3. Max is a good singer.

Max sings

4. The cold wind is awful.

The wind is

5. They cycled very skilfully.

They were

❖ Be + adjective + that – clause to express opinions or feelings.

❖ Some adjectives are commonly used in this way: sure, certain, sorry, disappointed, right, important, surprised, worried, afraid, pleased

eg: We were afraid that they were going to be late.

❖ Adjective + preposition List

|adjective + about |adjective + at |

|I was angry about the accident. |I'm rather bad at languages. |

|She's not happy about her new boss. |I'm not good at languages either. |

|Are you nervous about the exam? |Are you surprised at her success? |

|angry about |amazed at |

|anxious about |angry at |

|enthusiastic about |annoyed at |

|excited about |awful at |

|furious about |bad at |

|happy about |brilliant at |

|mad about |clever at |

|nervous about |delighted at |

|pessimistic about |disappointed at |

|sad about |excellent at |

|serious about |excited at |

|upset about |good at |

|worried about |hopeless at |

| |mad at |

| |present at |

| |shocked at |

| |skilled at |

| |successful at |

| |surprised at |

| |terrible at |

| |slow at |

| |lucky at |

|adjective + by |adjective + for |

|We were amazed by his performance. |You are eligible for bonus pay. |

|They were not impressed by your argument. |We were not prepared for his answer. |

|Were you surprised by his bluntness? |Who is responsible for this? |

|amazed by |eager for |

|delighted by |eligible for |

|disturbed by |famous for |

|excited by |grateful for |

|fascinated by |notorious for |

|impressed by |prepared for |

|inspired by |ready for |

|astonished by |renowned for |

|shocked by |responsible for |

|surprised by |respected for |

| |sorry for |

| |suitable for |

| |thankful for |

|adjective + from |adjective + in |

|This cake is made from coconut. |I am disappointed in you. |

|The city is not safe from attack. |He isn't experienced in sales. |

|Is this material free from toxins? |Was he successful in his efforts? |

|absent from |disappointed in |

|different from |experienced in |

|free from |interested in |

|made from |involved in |

|protected from |polite/impolite in |

|safe from |present in |

| |skilled in |

| |slow in |

| |successful in |

| |talented in |

|adjective + of |adjective + to |

|He's afraid of failing. |She was addicted to alcohol. |

|She's not capable of caring for herself. |I'm not allergic to milk. |

|Was it silly of me to try? |Are they related to each other? |

|afraid of |accustomed to |

|ashamed of |addicted to |

|aware of |allergic to |

|capable of |committed to |

|certain of |dedicated to |

|conscious of |indifferent to |

|envious of |kind to |

|independent of |married to |

|jealous of |opposed to |

|kind of |receptive to |

|nice of |related to |

|proud of |similar to |

|scared of |superior to |

|silly of |unfriendly to |

|sweet of | |

|typical of | |

|adjective + with |

|I am blessed with robust health. |

|Unusually, the town was not crowded with tourists. |

|Are you familiar with the controls? |

|angry with confronted with disappointed with ok with |

|associated with content with fed up with pleased with |

|bored with crowded with familiar with popular with |

|blessed with delighted with furious with satishfied with |

LESSON 4: READ

VOCABULARY:

1. go on = keep on (v) : tiếp tục

2. end up (v) : kết thúc

3. nonsense (n) : lời nói phi lý

4. folk (n) : people

EXERCISES

I. Choose the word or the phrase or sentence that best completes each unfinished sentence below or that best keeps the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word or phrase.

1. _________ air is one of the many problems we have to solve.

A. Pure B. Polluted   C. Dust D. Pleasant

2. I’ll be in trouble if I _________my passport.

A. lose              B. will lose              C. lost        D. would lose

3. We can eat at home or, ________ you prefer, we can go to a restaurant.

A. when B. whether              C. if          D. which

4. If it is raining this evening, I_________.

A. will go out           B. don’t go out C. go out          D. won’t go out

5. Minh’s English is excellent. He speaks ________.

A. perfectly English B. English perfectly C. perfect English      D. English perfect

6. I’m disappointed _________ people have spoiled this area.

A. that                B. when               C. if          D. how

7. He ________ to find a job but he had no luck.

A. hardly tried          B. hard tried           C. tried hardly         D. tried hard

8. We couldn’t go on a picnic as planned __________ it was raining.

A. however              B. but               C. because           D. so

9. If he ________ hard today, can he have a holiday tomorrow?

A. works                 B. will work             C. worked          D. would work

10. ________we were tired, we sat down beside the stream.

A. Because of B. If                C. As             D. And

11. He _________to find a job, but he had no luck.

A. tried hard           B. hardly tried           C. tried hardly          D. try hardly

12. Solar energy doesn’t cause __________.

A. pollution              B. polluted               C. pollute          D. pollutant

13. Are you looking forward ___________   my letter?

A. to see               B. to seeing    C. saw           D. seeing

14. "___________” means a piece of land full of rubbish.

A. junkyard               B. treasure                C. hedge           D. stream

15. Dynamite _________   many years ago.

A. has invented B. invented             C. was invented        D. were invented

16. Mary said to me "can you speak English?”

In reported speech the sentence will be: She asked me _________

A. if I can speak English B. if I could speak English.

C. If can I speak English                D. If I could speak English?

17. I live very far from school. I wish________

A. I lived far from school.   B. I lived close to school.

C. I live near the school now.               D. I don’t live very far from school

18. If he __________ hard today, can he have a holiday tomorrow?

A. works B. will work              C. worked          D. would worked

19. Because there _________ no buses, we had to take a taxi.

A. are                    B. is                   C. was            D. were

20. We plan to ________ this Saturday.

A. go hiked               B. go hiking               C. go to hike      D. go hike

II. Complete the sentences with because/ as/ since/ if/ when, or so.

1. We decided to go out to eat _______ we had no food at home.

2. He has a very important job  _______ he is particularly well-paid.

3. Can I borrow that book  _______ you’ve finished it?

4. No one was watching the television _______ I switched it off.

5. _______ she changed a lot, we didn’t recognize her.

6. _______ you’ve ready, we can start now.

7. I’m going away for a few days, I’ll phone you  _______ I get back.

8. You should inform the police  _______ your bicycle is stolen.

9. Mathew went to bed  _______ it was too late to go out.

10. _______ you drive without driving license, you’re breaking the law.

III. Give correct formation of these words

1. The air in the city is ___________ (pollute)

2. Please listen to the lecture ____________ (care)

3. An accident happened because of driving ____________ (care)

4. He was ____________ (disappoint) that they were not coming.

5. Air and water _____________ (pollute) can make people fall ill.

6. Plastic bags will cause _____________ (pollute).

7. Mr Brown is one of the ___________ (conserve)

8. We should make our world _____________ (pollute)

9. I'm ____________ (disappoint) that you didn't do your homework.

10. Listen me ___________ (care) you can solve the problem.

IV. Rewrite these sentences by using "because".

1. He couldn't meet you because of being busy.

...............................................................................................................................................

2. She went to bed early because of her sickness.

...............................................................................................................................................

3. We spent the whole day in the garden because of lovely weather.

...............................................................................................................................................

4. I can't play volleyball because of my height.

...............................................................................................................................................

5. We can't swim in this part of the river because of highly polluted water

...............................................................................................................................................

V. Rewrite these sentences by using "because of"

1. She can't work hard because she is very old.

...............................................................................................................................................

2, He likes her because of she is very beautiful.

...............................................................................................................................................

3. He broke the vase because he was careless.

...............................................................................................................................................

4. He left school because his life was hard.

...............................................................................................................................................

5. I went to bed early because I feel tired.

...............................................................................................................................................

- Học sinh xem clip bài nghe, in bài và làm bài tập phần read và language focus của unit 6

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