Liberty Union High School District / Overview



Living Earth: Week 2 PacketActivity 1: NotesLearning Targets: Use a model to show how mitosis makes simple and complex organisms so that Ican understand growth and repair of the body.Success Criteria:1. I can explain how cells have different jobs to help an organism live.2. I can explain how differentiation created multicellular organisms.3. I can explain how genes make different cells with different jobs.Cells:? Cells are found in ? Cells are considered the of lifeCell Theory:1. All organisms are made of cells.2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function3. New cells by the process of cell division (meiosis and mitosis).Mitosis Review:? Definition: how a cell divides while keeping the original chromosome number. Divides 1 cell into 2 daughter cells? Mitosis has 4 major phases:1. Prophase2. Metaphase3. Anaphase4. Telophase?All of the body’s divide by mitosis, like skin cells, muscle cells and blood cells.?Mitosis helps organisms grow, heal wounds and replace countless cells that are shed every minute.?Mitosis is also a type of reproduction for some single cell organisms?One example of mitosis not working the right way is .?Cancer is the result of the controlling mitosis not working properly?This leads to unnecessary replication and cell and tissue growth.Basic Cell Types:1. Prokaryotic Cells2. Eukaryotic CellsProkaryotic Cells:?Do not have a or nuclear membrane enclosing their DNA.?Do not have organelles like mitochondria or the golgi apparatus?Prokaryotic cells make up the smallest single-celled organisms — . Eukaryotic Cells:?Usually have at least one structure, the nucleus.?Have organelles (like tiny organs)?Are present in all living organisms (animals, plants, fungi, protists) except anelle JobEndoplasmic Reticulum Site where parts of the cell are put together.? Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface to make proteins? Smooth ER helps make lipids?The “mighty mitochondria” supply the “power” to the cells?Function: to break down chemical compounds into energy for the cellLysosomes? Vacuoles are structures that are used to store water in plant cells; they are small in animal cells.Chloroplasts?Plant cells and many prokaryotes (bacteria) also have another outer layer called the cell wall to support and protect the cell●A thin flexible barrier known as the CELL MEMBRANE surrounds all cells●STRUCTURE: a double layer called a lipid bilayer● Controls what enters and leaves the cell● Protects and supports the cell? where the DNA is located ——-> site of transcription which makes mRNA from the DNA? (including those on the Endoplasmic Reticulum, aka Rough ER): site of translation——> making a protein from the mRNAGolgi ApparatusOrganization of Cells: A. A cell that exists on its own is a single-celled or organism.?Unicellular organisms carry on all characteristic properties of life?Examples — bacteria, protozoa, many algae and some fungiB. Multicellular organisms — may be made up of hundreds, thousands, millions or billions of cells.?In multicellular organisms, the cells are , cannot live independently, and each type of cell carries out only some of the life processes.?These relationships require many levels of organization and interaction.Cell Differentiation of Multicellular Organisms:? Cells differentiate from so that they can do a lot of different jobs in the body.? They all still have the same DNA, but genes are ‘turned on’ or ‘turned off’? ex/ We don’t want cells in our eyes making stomach acid : made up of a group of cells working together (Ex:epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue). : a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function? Ex: the stomach has nerve, muscle and blood tissues together to perform a function : a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function?Ex: digestive system- includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, pancreas, liver… : a group of organ systems that work together to do all things needed for lifeName: Period: Teacher: Activity 2: Label & Sketch a Model of Mitosis DescriptionPage 4Amoeba Sisters Video Recap: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells1. The boxes below represent the three domains that all organisms can be classified in: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Which of these domains consist(s) of prokaryotes?3. Based on what you know about prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, the bacterial cell shown in the Venn diagram below is a cell while the fungal cellis acell.4. Based on your knowledge about prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, what are three structures the cells shown below would have in common?2. For the following organisms, indicate whether they areconsidered prokaryotes (place a “P”) or eukaryotes (place an “E”). Animal Plant Bacterium (Note: Plural is Bacteria) ProtistFungus (Note: Plural is Fungi)In the video, a mnemonic is mentioned. “Pro” (in prokaryote) rhymes with “no.” “Eu” (in eukaryote) rhymes with “do.” Pleasecomplete the following sentence stems to show some differences between these two cell types using the mnemonic.5. Prokaryotes have no .6. Eukaryotes do have (a) .

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download