AP BIO – Ch 8: Metabolism



AP BIO – Ch 8: Metabolism

Things to Study for the Exam…

ENERGY EXCHANGES

✓ Metabolism – what does it involve? (Breakdown, synthesis, etc…)

✓ Energy

✓ Kinetic energy

✓ Heat/thermal energy

✓ Chemical energy

✓ Thermodynamics

✓ First Law of Thermodynamics

✓ Second Law of Thermodynamics

✓ Free Energy

✓ Catabolic vs. Anabolic pathways

✓ Spontaneous vs. Nonspontaneous reactions

✓ 1st Law of Thermodynamics – how does it apply to living things?

✓ 2nd Law of Thermodynamics (entropy) – how does it apply to living things?

✓ Entropy and energy transformation

✓ How do living things use energy?

✓ ∆G = ∆H – T∆S ( What do G, H, T, S represent?)

✓ Exergonic vs. Endergonic Reactions

✓ Free energy (+∆G or -∆G) at end of a reaction ( endo or exothermic?

✓ ATP and how it relates to metabolism

✓ Energy coupling (catabolic/anabolic)

✓ ATP + H2O ( ADP + Pі

ENZYMES

✓ Hydrolysis

✓ Activation energy

✓ Substrate

✓ Product

✓ Active site

✓ “Induced fit”

✓ Cofactors

✓ Allosteric inhibitors

✓ Factors that alter enzyme function

✓ Identify what is happening in the graph below:

[pic]

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