Daniel Richard Kramer - University of Colorado



Daniel R. Kramer, MD

daniel.r.kramer@cuanschutz.edu

Post-Graduate Training

Internship: Neurological Surgery: USC Department of Neurosurgery, LAC+USC Hospital, Los Angeles, CA

June 2012 – June 2013

Residency: Neurological Surgery: USC Department of Neurosurgery, LAC+USC Hospital, Los Angeles, CA

July 2013 – June 2018

Chief Residency: Neurological Surgery: USC Department of Neurosurgery, LAC+USC Hospital, Los Angeles, CA

July 2018 – June 2019

Stereotactic and Functional Fellow: Neurological Surgery: Stanford University Department of Neurosurgery, Palo Alto, CA

July 2019 – June 2020

Education

Northwestern University: BA Cognitive Science, BA Philosophy, 2006

University of Pennsylvania: MD, 2012

Grant awards

NINDS R25 NS065741-10., Stanford University

Awardee: Daniel R. Kramer

Mentors: Jaimie M. Henderson, Krishna V. Shenoy

PI: Gary K. Steinberg

7/19-06/20

Encoding of higher-order movement variables in human primary motor cortex

This project aims to understand the higher-order movement variables in the primary motor cortex of brain computer interface subjects through beta activity changes during holding movements and dynamical system changes seen during alterations in motion dynamics.

NINDS R25 NS099008-01, University of Southern California

Awardee: Daniel R. Kramer

Mentors: Richard A. Andersen, Charles Y. Liu

PI: William J. Mack

01/17-06/18

Producing Artificial Sensation through Cortical Stimulation in Humans

This project established the safety, efficacy, and baseline parameters of somatosensory brain computer interface through primary somatosensory cortex stimulation with electrocorticography grids and microelectrode arrays.

NINDS T32 Brain Injury Training Grant Award, University of Pennsylvania

Awardee: Daniel R. Kramer

Mentor: Gordon H. Baltuch

06/09-09/09

Improvement in safety for Deep Brain Stimulation surgery

The goal of this study was to establish safer practices in Deep Brain Stimulation through the use of better surgical technique, operative check-lists, and best-practice guidelines.

Awards, Honors and Membership in Honorary Societies:

Michael J. Apuzzo Award for Best Scientific Paper, University of Southern California, 2019

Resident Research Best Presentation, University of Southern California, 2018

Philip L. Gildenberg MD Resident Award, Annual meeting for the oral presentation Producing Artificial Sensation through Cortical Stimulation in Humans, presented at AANS Annual Meeting 2016

“Best poster presentation” for the poster Does MRI alter treatment in pediatric C-spine trauma patients following plain film and CT? presented at PNS Annual Meeting, 2010

Cognitive Science Honors, Northwestern University, 2006

Alpha Lambda Delta Honors Society, 2002

Memberships in Professional and Scientific Societies:

NANS (2016-Present)

AANS (2009-Present)

CNS (2011-Present)

Langfitt Society, Neurosurgery Interest Group (2008-2012; elected president for 2011-2012)

United Community Clinics Patient Education Coordinator (2008-2010)

Guatemala Health Initiative Education Project Director (2008-2009)

John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County (Volunteer 2006-2008)

Research Experience

Neural Prosthetics Translational Laboratory, Stanford University. (2019-2020).

Assisting and designing experiments, data collection, data analysis and study completion in brain computer interface and signal processing of motor commands.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Department of Neuroscience, California Institute of Technology (2015-2019)

Assisting and designing experiments, data collection, data analysis and study completion in brain computer interface and signal processing of sensory information

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California (2012-2019)

Assisting and designing experiments, data collection, data analysis and study completion in several areas of investigation including vasospasm, subarachnoid hemorrhage, learning models of surgeons, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy.

Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania (2011-2012)

Assisting with experiments, data collection, study completion in several areas of investigation including deep brain recordings of macaque monkeys during decision making tasks.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania (2008-2012)

Assisting with experiments, data collection, study completion in several areas of investigation including Parkinson’s disease, Kluver-Bucy syndrome, pituitary adenomas, vestibular schwannomas, deep brain stimulation, and the daVinci surgical robot.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Stroger Hospital of Cook County (Research Assistant 2006-2008)

Assisted with data collection and methods modification for experiments regarding breast cancer, head and neck cancers, and bone metastases.

Attention and Vision Sciences Laboratory, Northwestern University (Research Assistant 2005-2008)

Completed Cognitive Science Honors Thesis on EEG recordings and performance on a visuo-spatial task and continued this line of investigation following the completion of the thesis.

Cognition and Language Laboratory, Northwestern University (Research Assistant 2003-2005)

Title of investigation: Tracing evolutionary history of abstract nouns: Do similes precede metaphors?

Assisted with study design and data collection.

Bibliography:

1. Martin del Campo-Vera R, Gogia AS, Chen KH, Sebastian R, Kramer DR, Lee MB, Peng T, Tafreshi A, Barbaro MF, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Beta-band modulation in the human hippocampus during a reaching task. Journal of Neural Engineering. 17(3):036022. Jun 12, 2020.

2. Kramer DR, Lee M, Barbaro MF, Gogia A, Peng T, Liu CY, Andersen RA, Kellis S, Lee B. Mapping of primary somatosensory cortex of the hand area using a high-density, small area electrocorticography grid for closed-loop brain computer interface. Journal of Neural Engineering. 2020 Mar 4.

3. Kramer DR, Lamorie-Foote K, Barbaro MF, Lee M, Peng T, Gogia A, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Utility and lower limits of frequency detection in surface electrode stimulation for somatosensory brain-computer interface in humans. Neurosurgical Focus 48 (2) E2. Feb 2020.

4. Tafreshi A, Peng T, Yu C, Kramer DR, Gogia AS, Lee MB, Barbaro MF, Sebastian R, Martin Del Campo-Vera, Chen KH, Kellis S, Lee B. A phantom study of the spatial precision and accuracy of stereotactic localization using computed tomographic imaging with the Leksell stereotactic system. World Neurosurgery. 139:e297-e307. Jul 2020.

5. Lam J, Mehta V, Kramer DR, Fukunaga D, Lee B, Russin JJ, Millett D, Heck CN, Shaw S, Gong H, Armacost M, Kalayjian LA, Nune G, Cora G. Surgical Epilepsy Care in a Safety-Net and Private Healthcare System: A Comparative Analysis. Neurosurgery. Sept 2019, Issue Supplement 1.

6. Wang PT, Camacho E, Wang M, Li Y, Shaw SJ, Armacost M, Gong H, Kramer DR, Lee B, Andersen RA, Liu CY, Heydari P, Nenadic Z, Do A. A benchtop system to assess the feasibility of a fully independent and implantable brain-machine interface. Journal of Neural Engineering. 2019 Nov 12.

7. Peng T, Kramer DR, Lee MB, Barbaro MF, Ding L, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Comparison of Intraoperative 3-Dimensional Fluoroscopy with Standard Computed Tomography for Stereotactic Frame Registration. Operative Neurosurgery. 2019 Oct 4.

8. Lee MB, Kramer DR, Peng T, Barbaro MF, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Clinical neuroprosthetics: Today and Tomorrow. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 2019 Jul 30.

9. Haghi B, Kellis S, Shah S, Ashok M, Bashford L, Kramer DR, Lee B, Liu C, Andersen RA, Emami A. Deep Multi-State Dynamic Recurrent Neural Networks Operating on Wavelet Based Neural Features for Robust Brain Machine Interfaces. BioRxIV, July 22, 2019.

10. Kramer DR, Lamorie-Foote K, Barbaro MF, Lee M, Peng T, Nune G, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Functional frequency discrimination from cortical somatosensory stimulation in humans. Frontiers in Neuroscience, April; 7 2019.

11. Lee MB, Kramer DR, Peng T, Barbaro MF, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Brain-computer interfaces in quadriplegic patients. Neurosurgery Clinics of North America. 2019 Apr; 30(2): 275-281.

12. Barbaro, MF, Kramer DR, Nune G, Lee MB, Peng T, Liu C, Kellis S, Lee B. Directional tuning during reach planning in the supramarginal gyrus using local field potentials. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 2019 Jun; 64:214-219.

13. Ravina K, Kramer DR, Strickland BA, Wolfswinkel EM, Rennert RC, Carey JN, Russin JJ. Complex revascularization for idiopathic intracranial occlusive disease with unruptured, fusiform anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery aneurysms. World Neurosurgery. 2019 Mar 25. pii: S1878-8750(19)30844-7.

14. Kramer DR, Barbaro MF, Lee M, Peng T, Nune G, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Electrocorticographic changes in field potentials following natural somatosensory percepts in humans. Experimental Brain Research. 2019 May;237(5):1155-1167.

15. Barbaro MF, Chesney K, Kramer DR, Kellis S, Peng T, Blumenfeld Z, Gogia AS, Lee MB, Greenwood J, Nune G, Kalayjian LA, Heck CN, Liu CY, Lee B. Dual Neuropace Responsive Neurostimulator System implants for epilepsy. Journal of Neurosurgery, Jan, 2019 25:1-7.

16. Kramer DR, Kellis S, Barbaro MF, Armenta MS, Nune G, Liu CY, Andersen RA, Lee B. Technical considerations for generating somatosensation via cortical stimulation in a closed-loop sensory/motor brain-computer interface system in humans. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 2019 May;63:116-121.

17. Lee B, Kramer DR, Armenta MS, Brown D, Dobreva T, Kellis S, Klaes C, Heck CA, Liu CY, Andersen RA. Engineering artificial somatosensation through cortical stimulation in humans. Frontiers: Systems Neuroscience. 2018 Jun 4;12:24.

18. Armenta MS, Bashford L, Kellis S, Jafari M, Jo H, Kramer DR, Shanfield K, Pejsa K, Lee B, Liu CY, Andersen RA. Proprioceptive and cutaneous sensations in humans elicited by intracortical microstimulation. Elife. 2018 Apr 10;7. pii: e32904.

19. Chen BR, Buchanan IA, Kellis S, Kramer DR, Ohiorhenuan I, Blumenfeld Z, Grisafe Ii DJ, Barbaro MF, Gogia AS, Lu JY, Chen BB, Lee B. Utilizing light-field imaging technology in neurosurgery. Cureus. 2018 Apr 10;10(4):e2459.

20. Pierson N, Kramer DR, Wen T, Ho L, Patel A, Donoho D, Millett D, Heck CN, Lee B, Mack WJ, Liu CY. Preventable complications in epilepsy admissions: the "July effect". Epilepsy Research. 2017 Nov;137:101-106.

21. Wen T, Kramer DR, Sirot S, Ho L, Robison RA, Mack WJ, Millette D, Heck C, Liu CY. The weekend effect on morbidity and mortality among pediatric epilepsy admissions. Pediatric Neurology. 2017 Sep; 74:24-31.

22. Ho L, Kramer DR, Wen T, Moalam A, Millett D, Heck CN, Mack WJ, Liu CY. Preventable complications in epilepsy admissions, the “weekend effect”. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2017 May; 70(Pt A): 50-56.

23. Kramer DR, Fujii T, Ohiorhenuan I, Liu CY. Interplay between cortical spreading depolarization and seizures. Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. 2017 Jan 14;95(1):1-5.

24. Winer JL, Kramer DR, Robison RA, Ohiorhenuan I, Minnetti M, Giannotta SL, Zada G. Response. Journal of Neurosurgery. 2016 April; 124(4j):1142-3.

25. James RF, Kramer DR, Aljuboori ZS, Parikh G, Adams SW, Eaton JC, Al-Shear HA, Badjatia N, Mack WJ, Simard JM. Novel treatments in neuroprotection for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Current Treatment Options in Neurology. 2016 Aug;18(8):38.

26. Fujii T, Moriel G, Kramer DR, Attenello FJ, Zada G. Prognostic factors of early outcome and discharge status in patients undergoing surgical intervention following traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 2016 Sep; 31:152-6.

27. James RF, Kramer DR, Page PS, Gaughen JR, Martin LB, Mack WJ. Strategic and technical considerations for the endovascular embolization of intracranial meningiomas. Neurosurgery Clinics of North America. 2016 Apr; 27(2): 155-66

28. Kramer DR, Fujii T, Ohiorhenuan I, Liu CY. Cortical spreading depolarization: Pathophysiology, implications, and future directions. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 2016 Feb; 24:22-7.

29. Kramer DR, Mack WJ. The structural and genetic variations in intracerebral vasculature. World Neurosurgery. 2015 Nov; 84(5):1196-7.

30. Russin JJ, Kramer DR, Thomas D, Hassan D, Liu C, Amar AP, Mack WJ, Giannotta SL. The importance of preoperative diagnosis of blister aneurysms. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 2015 Sep;22(9):1408-12.

31. Winer JL, Kramer DR, Robison RA, Ohiorhenuan I, Minnetti M, Giannotta SL, Zada G. Cerebrospinal fluid reconstitution via a perfusion-based cadaveric model: Feasibility study demonstrating surgical simulation of neuro-endoscopic procedures. Journal of Neurosurgery. 2015 Apr 10:1-6.

32. Kramer DR, Winer JL, Pease M, Amar AP, Mack WJ. Cerebral vasospasm in traumatic brain injury. Neurology Research International, 2013; 2013:415813.

33. Kramer DR, Halpern CH, Connolly PJ, Jaggi JL, Baltuch GH.  Error reduction with routine checklist use during deep brain stimulation surgery. Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. 2012; 90(4): 255-9.

34. Kramer DR, Halpern CH, Jaggi JL, Baltuch GH. The effect of intraventricular trajectory on brain shift in deep brain stimulation. Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. 2012; 90(1): 20-4.

35. Halpern CH, Mitchell GW, Paul A, Kramer DR, McGill KR, Buonacuore D, Kerr M, Jaggi JL, Stern JJ, Baltuch GH. Self-administered, pre-operative antiseptic wash to prevent post-operative infection following deep brain stimulation. American Journal of Infection Control. 2012;40(5): 431-3.

36. Lega BC, Kramer DR, Newman JG, Lee JYK. Morphometric measurements of the anterior skull base for endoscopic transoral and transnasal approaches. Skull Base. 2011; 21(1): 65-70.

37. Kramer DR, Halpern CH, Buonacore DL, McGill KR, Hurtig HI, Jaggi JL, Baltuch GH. Best surgical practices: a stepwise approach to the University of Pennsylvania deep brain stimulation protocol. Neurosurgical Focus. 2010 Aug; 29(2):E3.

38. Lega BC, Baily RL, Kramer DR, Heuer GG, Chen JY, Schuster JM. Isolated lower extremity monoplegia due to a traumatic intraparenchymal contusion: report of two cases. Brain Injury. 2010; 24(10):1231-5.

39. Kramer DR. Predictions of performance by EEG and skin conductance. Indiana Undergraduate Journal of Cognitive Science. 2007 Mar; 22.

40. Chen KH, Gogia AS, Martin del Campo-Vera R, Sebastian R, Lee MB, Kramer DR, Peng T, Tafreshi A, Barbaro MF, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Beta-band modulation in the human hippocampus during a conflict response task. Submitted Journal of Physiology. Sept 2019.

41. Piersen N, Kramer DR, Gogia A, Barbaro MF, Fujii T, Zada G, Attenello FJ. Alcohol on admission for traumatic brain injury requiring surgical intervention. Submitted Journal of Neurosurgery. Sept 2019.

42. Ohiorhenuan IE, Kramer DR, Gogia A, Tafreshi A, Barbaro MF, Lee MB, Martin del Campo-Vera R, Chen KH, Sebastian R, Liu CY, Kellis S, Nune G, Lee B. The surface Laplacian for seizure localization and coherence in electrocorticography. Submitted to Journal of Neurosurgery Focus. Aug, 2019.

Book Chapters

1. Mehta V, Kramer DR, Russin J, Liu C, Amar A. Vagal Nerve Stimulation. Neuromodulation (Second Edition). Academic Press, 2018. Pages 999-1009.

2. Kramer DR, Kiehna EN. Spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality in children- The SCIWORA syndrome. 50 Landmark Papers Every Spine Surgeon Should Know (Chapter 48). In press, Jan 2018.

Oral Presentations

1. Gogia AS, Chen KH, Martin del Campo-Vera R, Sebastian R, Lee MB, Kramer DR, Peng T, Tafreshi A, Barbaro MF, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Beta-Band Modulation in the Human Amygdala during a Conflict Response Task. Oral Presentation at AANS 2020, Boston, MA. April 25-29, 2020.

2. Kramer DR, Barbaro MF, Gogia A, Lee M, Peng T, Martin del Campo-Vera R, Chen K, Sebastian R, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Primary motor cortex high-gamma and beta band changes in response to tactile stimuli in humans. Pending presentation at the 2019 CNS annual conference, San Francisco, CA: October 19-23, 2019.

3. Kramer DR, Rodriguez D, Barbaro MF, Lee M, Gogia AS, Blumenfeld Z, Grisafe DJ II, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Mapping of primary somatosensory cortex of the hand area using a high-density, small area electrocorticography grid for closed-loop brain computer interface. Presentation at the 2018 ASSFN Biannual Meeting, Denver, CO: June 2-5, 2018.

4. Kramer DR, Barbaro MF, Blumenfeld Z, Gogia AS, Grisafe DJ II, Ohiorhenuan I, Nune G, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Cortical spreading depolarization in the peri-ictal period. Presentation at the 2017 NANS Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, NV: Jan 11-14, 2018.

5. Kramer DR, Armenta, MS, Lee B, Liu CY, Andersen RA. Preliminary frequency discrimination and response time data from direct cortical somatosensory stimulation in a human. Presentation at the 2017 NANS Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, NV: Jan 19-22, 2017.

6. Goodfriend B, Kramer DR, Zada G. Endonasal transsphenoidal resection of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: A retrospective single center series of 411 patients. Presentation at the 27th Annual North American Skull Base Society Meeting, New Orleans, LA: March 3-5, 2017.

7. Kramer DR, Lee B, Brown D, Dobreva T, Klaes C, Liu CY, Andersen RA. Parameters for creating a somatosensory brain computer interface system in humans through direct cortical stimulation. Presentation at California Association of Neurological Surgeons Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA: Jan 13-15, 2017.

8. Armenta, MS, Kramer DR, Lee B, Brown D, Dobreva T, Klaes C, Liu CY, Andersen RA. Artificial sensations through cortical stimulation of human somatosensory cortex with subdural mini-ECoG grids. Presentation at Neuroscience San Diego, CA: Nov 12-16, 2016

9. Kramer DR, Lee B, Brown D, Dobreva T, Klaes C, Liu CY, Andersen RA. Producing artificial sensation through cortical stimulation in humans. Presentation at Neurology Grand Rounds, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA: May 24, 2016.

10. Kramer DR, Lee B, Brown D, Dobreva T, Klaes C, Liu CY, Andersen RA. Producing artificial sensation through cortical stimulation in humans. Presentation, AANS Annual Meeting Chicago, IL: April 30-May 4, 2016. Recipient of Philip L. Gildenberg MD Resident Award.

11. Kramer DR, Fuji T, Ohiorhenuan IE, Liu CY. Ubiquity of cortical spreading depolarization in neurologic injury. Presentation at Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, CA: March 8, 2015.

12. Merkow MB, Kramer DR, Lee YKJ. Retrospective cohort study of endoscopic versus microscopic vascular decompression. Presented at AANS Annual Meeting Miami, FL: April 14-18, 2012.

13. Kramer DR, Whitmore RG, Stephen JH, Stetson R, McWilliams A, Stein SC. Minimally-invasive versus Open thoracolumbar fusion: A hospital-based microcosting analysis. Presented at the AANS/CNS Section on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL: March 7-10, 2012.

14. Kramer DR, Halpern CH, Jaggi JL, Baltuch GH. Effect of intraventricular trajectory on brain shift in deep brain stimulation. Presented at ASSFN Biennial Meeting, New York, NY: June 13-16, 2010.

15. Kramer DR, Halpern CH, Jaggi JL, Baltuch GH. Effect of intraventricular trajectory on brain shift in deep brain stimulation. Presented at PNS Annual Meeting, Hershey, PA: July 10-11: 2010.

Abstracts

1. Gogia AS, Martin del Campo-Vera R, Chen KH , Sebastian R, Lee MB, Kramer DR, Peng T, Tafreshi A, Barbaro MF, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Gamma-Band Modulation in the Human Amygdala during Reaching Movements. E-Poster at AANS, Boston, MA. April 25-29, 2020

2. Shah S, Haghi B, Kellis S, Bashford L, Kramer DR, Lee B, Liu CY, Andersen RA, Emami A. Decoding kinematics from human parietal cortex using neural networks. Presented at 9th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, San Francisco, CA: March 20-23, 2019.

3. Pierson N, Kramer DR, Chappell Z, Fujii T, Du R, Barbaro M, Zada G, Attenello FA. Long-term outcomes in traumatic brain injury patients requiring surgical intervention. Presented at AANS, San Diego, CA: April 13-17, 2019.

4. Pierson N, Kramer DR, Chappell Z, Fujii T, Du R, Barbaro M, Zada G, Attenello FA. The role of ethanol in surgical outcomes of traumatic brain injury patients. Presented at AANS, San Diego, CA: April 13-17, 2019.

5. Kramer DR, Barbaro MF, Gogia AS, Blumenfeld Z, Lee M, Grisafe DJ II, Liu CY, Kellis S, Lee B. Electrocorticographic changes in alpha, beta, and gamma band power following tactile sensation in humans. Presented at ASSFN, Denver, CO: June 2-5, 2018.

6. Ohiorhenuan IE, Fishback D, Lucas J, Kramer DR, Hansen C, Gonzalez A, Friedman R, Giannotta S. The middle fossa approach for acoustic neuroma produces acceptable quality metrics without evidence of temporal lobe complications. Presented at AANS Annual Meeting Chicago, IL: April 30-May 4, 2016.

7. Patel A, Kramer DR, Wen T, Ho L, Moalam A, Sirot S, Mack WJ, Robison RA. Increased complications at non-pediatric hospitals for epilepsy surgery: a population based study. Presented at the AANS Annual Meeting Chicago, IL: April 30-May 4, 2016.

8. Wen T, Kramer DR, Patel A, Ho L, Moalam A, Sirot S, Mack WJ, Robison RA. Increased hospital acquired complications for weekend epilepsy admissions in pediatrics, a population based study. Presented at 2016 AANS Annual Meeting Chicago, IL: April 30-May 4.

9. Ho L, Kramer DR, Patel A, Wen T, Moalam A, Sirot S, Mack WJ, Liu CY. The weekend effect: The influence of weekend admissions on morbidity, mortality and never events among epilepsy admission. Presented at 2016 AANS Annual Meeting Chicago, IL: April 30-May 4.

10. Christian E, Wedemeyer M, Min E, Buchanan I, Fredrickson V, Kramer DR, Lucas J, Mehta V, Minnetti M, Giannotta S, Zada G. A perfusion-based human cadaveric fresh tissue model with intrathecal fluorescein administration for repair of cerebrospinal fluid leak during endoscopic endonasal surgery. Presented at 2015 CNS Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA: September 26-30, 2015.

11. Fuji T, Moriel G, Kramer DR, Wen T, Attenello FJ, Gruen JP, Zada G. Predictor of positive and negative outcome following operative intervention for intracranial hemorrhages. Presented at 82nd AANS Annual Scientific Meeting, San Francisco, CA: April 5-9, 2014.

12. Winer J, Robison R, Kramer D, Ohiorhenuan I, Minetti M, Giannotta S, Zada G. Reconstitution of the intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid system using a perfusion-based fresh-tissue cadaveric model: A novel training paradigm for intraventricular neuro-endoscopic surgery. Presented at Congress of Neurosurgery Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA: Oct 2013

13. Kramer DR, Russin, JJ, Thomas D, Hassan D, Liu CY, Amar AP, Mack WJ, Giannotta SL. A case series of blister aneurysms: the importance of pre-operative diagnosis. Presented at the AANS Annual Scientific Meeting, New Orleans, LA: April 27-May 1, 2013.

14. Kramer DR, Russin, JJ, Thomas D, Hassan D, Liu C, Amar AP, Mack WJ, Giannotta SL. A case series of blister aneurysms: the importance of pre-operative diagnosis. Presented at the 3rd SNIS IESC/Joint CV Section Annual Meeting, 2013.

15. Kramer DR, Winer JL, Pease M, Amar AP, Mack WJ. Cerebral Vasospasm in Traumatic Brain Injury. Poster presented at the 3rd SNIS IESC/Joint CV Section Annual Meeting, 2013.

16. Kramer DR, Lega BC, Newman JG, Lee JYK. Morphometric measurements of the anterior skull base for endoscopic transnasal and transoral approach. Presented at PNS Annual Meeting, Hershey PA. July 10-11, 2010.

17. Kramer DR, Church E, Connolly PJ, Jaggi JL, Baltuch GH. Error minimization after one year of checklist use in dbs surgery. Presented at PNS Annual Meeting, Hershey, PA: July 10-11, 2010.

18. Kramer DR, Marchan EM, Grant RA, Storm PB. Does MRI alter treatment in pediatric C-spine trauma patients following plain film and CT? Presented at PNS Annual Meeting, Hershey, PA: July 10-11, 2010.

19. Kramer DR, Marchan EM, Grant RA, Storm PB. Does MRI alter treatment in pediatric C-spine trauma patients following plain film and CT? Presented at AANS Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA: May 1-5, 2010.

20. Kramer DR, Lega B, Whitmore R, Falaky O, Newman J, Lee J. Application of the daVinci surgical robot to transoral odontoidectomy: learning curve for a suturing task and proof of concept. Presented at CNS Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA: October 24-29, 2009.

Illustrations

1. Lee B, Kramer DR, Armenta MS, Brown D, Dobreva T, Kellis S, Klaes C, Heck CA, Liu CY, Andersen RA. Engineering artificial somatosensation through cortical stimulation in humans. Frontiers: Systems Neuroscience. 2018 Jun 4;12:24.

2. Kramer DR, Fujii T, Ohiorhenuan I, Liu CY. Cortical spreading depolarization: Pathophysiology, implications, and future directions. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 2015, Oct 9.

3. Winer JL, Kramer DR, Robison RA, Ohiorhenuan I, Minnetti M, Giannotta SL, Zada G. Cerebrospinal fluid reconstitution via a perfusion-based cadaveric model: Feasibility study demonstrating surgical simulation of neuro-endoscopic procedures. Journal of Neurosurgery. 2015 Apr 10:1-6.

4. Adler B, Yarchoan M, Adler JR. Neurosurgical Interventions for the control of Chronic Pain Conditions. In Moore, RJ (Ed). Handbook of Pain and Palliative Care (733-761). Springer: New York.

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