Módulo: Mecanizado (MEC)



MP02-The Aquarium

Teacher’s Guide | |

1. Objectives

The main objectives in this AF are to learn about:

• The different elements of an autonomous diving equipment.

• Basics of the external and internal morphology of a fish.

• The classification of the most common species to be found in an oceanarium in terms of habitat and species feeding techniques.

• Specific tasks and procedures most common in the aquarism professional world (e.g., fish feeding techniques, clean-up techniques, etc.)

• Some other important aspects related to the aquarium processes: gadgets, filtration, nitrogen cycle, and auxiliary equipment.

2. Materials use and some pieces of advice to the teacher

The prepared materials to develop this Formative Activity are the following:

• Reading and Comprehension

• Listen and Watch

• Internet Research

These materials are in their preferable chronological order as they should be used, so as to attain a progressive consolidation of the contents, the objective of the teaching-learning process.

3. Methodology

From the interrelation of concepts and procedures we have done, it follows that the conceptual contents can be taken as the organizing criteria of the whole Formative Activity.

The strategy to be followed during the development of the Formative Activity will be:

• In a first stage, students will work on the conceptual contents of each Formative Unit and they will have a given period of time for working on each particular document. During this first phase of the students’ work, they will be able to check with the teacher / tutor in charge of the Formative Activity.

• In a second stage, after having studied the contents from the corresponding formative units, students will do the proposed activities and they will send the result of this individual working to their teacher / tutor, through the Moodle platform specially prepared for that purpose.

4. Assessment

The evaluation of the Formative Activity will be done continually throughout its duration. The evaluating instruments will feature the proposed activities, which will be sent by the students to their teacher / tutor through the Moodle platform, as stated above.

The proposed activities in each formative unit will represent an 85% of the total mark obtained for the formative unit; the punctuality in sending those activities will sum up for another 5%; and the proper performance and adequacy of the activities sent will count for another 10% of the total mark obtained in the corresponding formative unit.

The final qualification of the Formative Activity (QAF) will be obtained from the following weighting:

If the student does not pass the Formative Activity in this continued evaluation during its duration, it could be possible to do an extraordinary evaluation in the period accorded by the school.

5. Final considerations

Depending on the kind of studies of the school, it could be also thinkable to prepare a final evaluation activity for the Formative Activity, to be done at the school facilities, so as to force students to demonstrate, personally and individually, that they have consolidated the contents proposed throughout the Formative Activity.

6. Answers

Unit 1: LET’S DIVE!

Activity 1 Diving equipment

1.1 Vocabulary

CHART:

|IMAGE |NAME |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| |gloves |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| |depth gauge |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| |weight belt |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| |snorkel |

| IMAGE |NAME |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| |air tank |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| | |

| |buoyancy compentsator |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| |wet suit |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| |mask |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| |stainless steel gloves |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| |regulator |

|[pic] | |

| | |

| | |

| |purge valves |

|IMAGE |NAME |

|[pic] |fins |

| |computer |

|[pic] |booties |

Activity 2 The National Aquarium (Washington DC)

2.1 Watch and check

|[pic] |National Aquarium |

Questions:

1-. Which position does the candidate in The National Aquarium carry out?

a) Curator

b) Operator

c) Diver

2-. The sword shark is one of.....:

a) The most dangerous species they have.

b) The largest species in the Aquarium.

c) The heaviest one that they have.

3-. The electric eel is one of the most dangerous animals to catch because it can shock, so:

a) They have to put out gloves for security

b) They have to drug it for before removing.

c) They have to switch off the lights of the facilities.

4-. In the Aquarium they have:

a) 1700 underwater species more or less.

b) More than 2500 underwater species.

c) 2500 underwater species.

5-. The candidate is feeling...:

a) Happy because the relocated species are going to have a new home.

b) Sad because he has been a lot of direct contact with the species.

c) Sad because he never won’t see the removed species anymore.

Activity 3 What does an aquarium diver do?

3.1 Vocabulary

Aquarium diver: Submarinista

Tank: Aquari

Physically fit: En forma

Exertion: Esforç

Thaw, gut and cut: Descongelar, destripar i tallar

Hand-feed: Alimentar de la mà

Behavior: Comportament

Net: Capturar

Filtration system: Sistema de filtració

Jeopardy: Risc o perill

3.2 Professional tasks on an aquarium diver

|ANIMAL CARE |TANK MAINTENANCE |

|1.Observe the behavior of the animals |1.Clean the algae from the walls |

|2.Prepare the meals in appropriate sixes |2.Check and clean the filtration system |

|3.Hand-feed or distribute the food |3.Remove any dead or dying plant |

| an animal if it looks or acts ill | |

Unit 2: BIOLOGY AND ECOSISTEMS OF AN AQUARIUM

1. Fish anatomy

1. Vocabulary

[pic]

|nº |

QUESTIONS

1-. This is a clown fish (Amphirion ocellaris), a very common tropical fish used in reef aquariums. After reading the text mark all the types of fins in the picture.

[pic]

2-. Which role does the swim bladder develop?

It’s like a buoyancy compensator, the fish inflates or deflates its organ to have neutral flotating in water. It could be inflated with oxygen coming from blood fish or from the pneumathic canal that communicates swim bladder with the external medium.

3-. What is the difference between carnivorous and herbivorous fishes at the digestive system?

Herbivorous fishes had larger digestive system than carnivorous because of their vegetables main nutrition.

2. Make your own Quizlet



Activity 2 Freshwater Bitopes & Species

2.1 Prezi

|CONTINENT |BIOTOPE |FISH SPECIES |

|AMERICA |SOUTH AMERICA | Amazònic |Corydoras |

| | | |Llapis |

| | | |Tetras |

| | | |Discus |

| |NORTH AMERICA | |C.citrinellus  |

| | |Llacs rocosos Amèrica Central |C. friedichstali |

| | | |C.nigrofasciatum |

| | | |C.labiatum |

| | | |Xiphophorus maculatus |

| | |Biòtop America Central I del Nord |Poecilia latipinna |

| | | |Poecilia reticulata |

| | | |Xiphophorus helleri |

|AFRICA | Llac Malawi |Electric yellow lab  |

| | |Kenyi Cichlid |

| | |Giraffe Cichlid |

| | |Peacock Cichlid |

| |Llac Tanganyka |Altolamprologus calvus |

| | |Altolamprologus fasciatus |

| | |Aulonocranus dewendti |

| | |Callochromis pleurospilus |

| |Llac Victoria |Astatotilapia aeneocolor |

| | |Astatotilapia latifasciata |

| | |Astatotilapia sp. 35 (tomato) |

| | |Enterochromis sp. |

| | |“red back scraper” |

|ASIA | |Colisa lalia  |

| |Sud-est asiàtic |Helostoma temminckii |

| |  |Trichogaster leeri |

| |Manglars |Taxotes jaculaor |

| | |Scatofagus argus |

| | |Tetranodon fluviatilis |

| | |Periophtalmus |

Activity 3 Marine Biotopes

3.1 Monterrey Aquarium

QUESTIONS

1-. What advantage do they have in terms of “catchment level” in these facilities?

They have pipes that pump water from Monterey Bay continuously

2-. Kelp forests are an important ecosystem for many aquatic species. Look for a picture with a kelp forest and mention 5 typical inhabitants of this ecosystem.

[pic]

Inhabitants:

• Notolabrus tetricu (Blue throat wrasse)

• Hypsypops rubicundus (Garibaldi)

• Semicossyphus pulcher (Vieja de California)

• Heterostichus rostratus (Sargacero gegant)

• Epinephelus marginatus (Mero comú)

3-.Search for the different animals that are named in the text and fill the following table with them:

[pic]

[pic]

4-. What characteristics have the tanks used for the display of jellyfish? (look for

pictures)

They use a Kreisel Tank, than makes a circular flow to suspend the jellies.

[pic]

3.2 Exhibits

Pacific white-sided dolphin - Life on the bay

California mussel - Rocky Shore

Giant green anemone - Rocky Shore, Splash Zone & Penguins

California sheephead - Kelp forest

Swell shark - Kelp Forest, Splash Zone & Penguins

Bat star - Rocky Shore, Kelp Forest, Splash Zone & Penguins

Grey whale - Life on the Bay

Harbor seal - Life on the Bay

Abalone - Rocky Shore

Dead man’s fingers - Rocky Shore

Garibaldi - Kelp Forest

Red octopus - Kelp forest

3.3 More marine biotopes

[pic]

Mediterranean Sea:

✓ Sparus aurata

✓ Dicentrarchus labrax

✓ Sciaena umbra

✓ Salaria pavo

✓ Sphyrna zygaena

Red Sea:

✓ Abalistes stellaris

✓ Tylosurus choram

✓ Alticus saliens

✓ Gymnura poecilura

✓ Enneapterygius clarkae

Unit 3: AQUARIUM FILTRATION

Activity 1 Mechanical filtration

1.1 Understand & translate

|1 |...el menys crític |

|2 |...salut i estabilitat total |

|3 |...us ajudarà a impedir problemes amb la filtració del vostre aquari |

|4 |...reté partícules de restes de menjar, excrements dels peixos i plantes descompostes |

|5 |...i d’altres restes |

|6 |... l’aigua provinent de l’aquari es troba primer amb aquest tipus de filtració |

|7 |... estimula la colonització de bactèries beneficioses |

|8 |...material filtrant d’esponja o bioboles |

1.2 Recirculating system

[pic]

1.3 Some questions

1) Which of these elements in the recirculation system are used as a mechanical filter?

Sponges and pads

2) What is the main function of mechanical filtration?

Mechanical filtration physically traps particles of uneaten food, fish waste, decayed plant materials, and other debris in the aquarium water.

3) What other kind of filtration exists?

Chemical and biological

4) What kind of filtration would you relate the foam chamber with(also called skimmer)?

The chemical filtration.

3. Typical sand filter

|MECHANICAL FILTERS |

| |

|[pic] |

|sand filter for big tanks |

|[pic] |

|sponge filter for little aquariums |

|FILTRANT MATERIALS |

|[pic] |

|[pic] |

Activity 2 Biological filtration

2.1Cycling a tank

1) What beneficial bacteria do in the cycling bacteria?

2) Why do we say bacteria working in the aquarium cycling are beneficial?

They transform the toxic ammonia and nitrites into nitrates, a non toxic substance for our fishes.

3) Which ones are the essential tests for controlling an aquarium cycling?

The test kits of ammonia and nitrites.

4) Why is not a good idea to clean all the aquarium when we detect ammonia spike?

Because we are removing the beneficial bacteria too.

5) What we have to do for breakdown nitrates in our aquarium?

We can put some plants or live rock that contain anaerobic bacteria that transform the nitrates in gases.

6) When we know that the bacteria have done this job?

When there’s no presence of ammonia and nitrites and it appears the nitrates.

7) We can activate bacteria introducing bacteria dissolution.

Name the techniques that can be used to speed up the cycling process.

2.2 Biological media

1) What is a bio filter media?

It is a material which provides the surface for the growing of beneficial bacteria for your biological filtration.

2) How many biofilters media does this video show?

Five: sponges, bioballs, ceramic rings, moving bed media, fiber biomedia.

3) Which are the two main roles that a sponge bio filter does?

Fixing the bacteria and filtering the smallest particles.

4) In which cases is it recommended to use the bio balls?

In any style of aquarium filtration.

5) What do you get with denitrifying bacteria?

It reduces nitrates in nitrogen gas.

6) Draw a sketch diagram about the moving bed filter showed in the video pointing out the cycling process.

[pic]

7) What they are made of the last bio filter media that appears in the video?

They are made of glass fiber.

Activity 3 Chemical filtration

3.1 Activated carbon

|ACTIVATED CARBON FORMS |PICTURE |

| |[pic] |

| | |

|pellets | |

| | |

| |[pic] |

| | |

|grains | |

| | |

| |[pic] |

| | |

|powder | |

| | |

3.2 Skimmer

[pic][pic]

-----------------------

QAF = QU1

Open Ocean:

✓ Clupea arengus

✓ Sphyraena barracuda

✓ Polydactylus octonemus

✓ Mola mola

✓ Rhincodon typus

Kelp Forest:

✓ Paralabrax nebulifer

✓ Gymnothorax mordax

✓ Sebastes serriceps

✓ Semicossyphus pulcher

✓ Triakis semifasciata

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