Chapter 8 -- A New Republic and the Rise of Parties, 1789-1800



Chapter 8A NEW REPUBLIC AND THERISE OF PARTIES 1789–1800Chapter SummaryChapter 8 offers students a survey of the early national period, focusing on the regional diversity of the United States in 1789; the rise of the Federalist party during the Washington administration, including special emphasis on early legislation and the Hamilton financial policy; the emergence of opposition to the Federalist agenda and the rise of the Republican party; the decline of the Federalists during the Adams administration; and the election of Thomas Jefferson in 1800.I.Washington’s America A.The Uniformity of New England B.The Pluralism of the Mid-Atlantic Region C.The Slave South and Its Backcountry D.The Growing West II.Forging a New Government A.“Mr. President” and the Bill of Rights B.Departments and Courts C.Revenue and Trade D.Hamilton and the Public Credit E.Reaction and Opposition III.The Emergence of Parties The French RevolutionFranco-American relationsThe growth of Democratic-Republican societies B.Securing the Frontier C.The Whiskey Rebellion D.Treaties with Britain and Spain E.The First Partisan Election IV.The Last Federalist Administration A.The French Crisis and the XYZ Affair B.Crisis at Home C.The End of the Federalists V.Conclusion Learning ObjectivesAfter a careful examination of Chapter 8, students should be able to answer the following:1.What explains the differing role of slavery in the country’s regional economies?2.What challenges faced the Congress that assembled in New York between 1789–1791?3.What forces shaped the development of party politics in America? 4.Why was Adams defeated in the election of 1800?CHAPTER 8: A NEW REPUBLIC AND THE RISE OF PARTIES, 1789–1800Multiple ChoiceWASHINGTON’S AMERICAIn 1790, the highest percentage of people of English descent lived in:In 1790, the highest percentage of enslaved Africans lived in:At the time of George Washington’s first inauguration, all of the following were true EXCEPT:The national census of 1790 revealed that the number of Americans was:There was little use of indentured servants or slaves in New England because:New England was the most uniform region in America for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:What was different about the population of New England compared to other regions?The most ethnically and religiously diverse region in early America was:Mid-Atlantic culture was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:What factor made the South the most populous region in the early United States?Slaves were least prevalant in:Social tensions between lowcountry and backcountry Southerners included:Which geographic region best describes the American West in 1790?During the 1780s, all of the following were true about the West EXCEPT:FORGING A NEW GOVERNMENTCongress eventually agreed that George Washington should be addressed as:The ________ Amendment discussed the need for a well-regulated militia.The ________ Amendment(s) addresses the power balance between the national government and states.The first government’s base of support was strengthened by:Congress increased the power of the President when it allowed the executive to:The Judiciary Act:Sectional differences arose over the debate about:The first Secretary of Treasury was:What bold plan did Hamilton create in an effort to address the Revolutionary War debt?Hamilton’s ideas included all of the following EXCEPT:To gain southern support for his financial plan, Hamilton offered to:Which part of Hamilton’s financial plan did Southerners most successfully oppose?THE EMERGENCE OF PARTIESMembership in the Federalist Party generally included all of the following EXCEPT:The leaders of the opposition Republican Party were Thomas Jefferson and:The Republicans believed all of the following EXCEPT:All of the following are true about the Federalists, EXCEPT that the Federalists:The Republican Party was weakest in:Federalists were alarmed by:Events in which country provoked the strongest divisions between Federalists and Republicans?The creation of Democratic-Republican societies in 1793 and 1794 revealed that:Members of Democratic-Republican societies believed all of the following EXCEPT:The Battle of Fallen Timbers resulted in:The leader of American forces at the Battle of Fallen Timbers was:The Whiskey Rebellion was spurred by:The Battle of Fallen Timbers led to:Which statement about the Whiskey Rebellion is NOT true?John Jay was sent to London in 1794 to:Agreements in Jay’s Treaty included all of the following EXCEPT:Jay’s Treaty was especially unpopular with:The Treaty of San Lorenzo (Pinckney’s Treaty):In his Farewell Address, Washington devoted most of his time to:In the election of 1796, the two main opposition candidates were:In the 1796 election, John Adams had the most support in:The winner of the election of 1796 was:THE LAST FEDERALIST ADMINISTRATIONThe XYZ Affair almost caused:The Federalists targeted immigrants in the Alien Acts because:The Sedition Act can easily be seen as a violation of:Which statement about the Sedition Act is NOT true?Fries’s Rebellion was spurred by:John Adams:The Franco-American Accord of 1800:Thomas Jefferson was elected in 1800 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:A deist believes:ChronologyWhich event did NOT happen during Washington’s presidency?a.passage of the Bill of Rightsb.the Battle of Fallen Timbersc.passage of the Sedition Actd.Jay’s Treaty ratifiedWhich is the correct order of events?a.Hamilton submits financial plan, Adams elected, Whiskey Rebellionb.Whiskey Rebellion, Adams elected, Hamilton submits financial planc.Hamilton submits financial plan, Whiskey Rebellion, Adams electedd.Whiskey Rebellion, Hamilton submits financial plan, Adams electedWhich headline would have appeared in 1800?a.“Washington Warns of Divisiveness in Farewell Address”b.“American Troops Enter Pennsylvania Seeking Whiskey Rebels”c.“Southern Leaders Outraged by Jay’s Treaty”d.“Thomas Jefferson Elected as New President in Tight Election”Washington was inaugurated in:Diplomatic relations with France were improved in:Which of the following happened first?a.Franco-American Accordb.ratification of Jay’s Treaty with Britain c.creation of the Bank of the United Statesd.Fries’s Rebellion in PennsylvaniaWhich of the following happened last?a.XYZ Affairb.ratification of Pinckney’s Treaty with Spainc.Washington’s reelectiond.Battle of Fallen TimbersShort EssaysWhat facts reveal that New England was the most uniform cultural area of early America?What factors made the mid-Atlantic region the most culturally diverse area in early America?What civil liberties are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights? How did the Bill of Rights come to be included as the first amendments to the Constitution?What were the major problems that confronted the Washington administration?Why was there a split in the Federalist Party in the period 1796–1800?Extended EssaysHow did life in America’s four regions reveal both the differences and shared values among the citizens of the early republic?What were the key causes and events that illustrate that the 1790s was a decade of growing partisanship in American politics?Describe the political disputes of the 1790s that revealed growing sectional antagonism.What were the different visions of America expressed by Federalists and Republicans?What developments of the 1790s resulted in the rise of the Republican Party? What mistakes did the Federalists make?Thomas Jefferson called his election as president “the revolution of 1800.” What events and outcomes led Jefferson to make this statement? ................
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