US History EOC Study Guide



American History I

MSL Review

Goal 1: The New Nation

01. Early Domestic Issues

a. Who was Washington’s Secretary of State? a. Thomas Jefferson

b. Who was Washington’s Secretary of the Treasury? b. Alexander Hamilton

c. What did they disagree about? c. A.H.’s economic plan

d. Which political party did each help develop? d. TJ–Dem-Rep;AH-Feds

e. Why was the election of 1800 significant? e. Dem-Rep took control

f. What did Marbury v. Madison establish? f. judicial review

g. What is the difference between a strict and loose interpretation of the Constitution? g. literally vs. implied

02. Early Political Freedoms

a. What treaty required 11 American Indian Nations to give up their territory? a. Treaty of Greenville

b. Who invented the cotton gin? b. Eli Whitney

c. Did the cotton gin increase or decrease the number of slaves? Why? c. inc. demand for cotton

d. Which first lady is known for the quote “Remember the Ladies”? d. Abigail Adams

03. Early Foreign Policy Issues

a. What were the key points of Washington’s Farewell Address? a. no political parties, no

sectionalism, no

alliances, no European

affairs

b. Under what agreement did Britain agree to pay for the ships it damaged? b. Jay’s Treaty

c. In which situation did the French ask for a bribe to stop attacking U.S. ships? c. XYZ Affair

d. What was Jefferson’s form of “peaceful coercion”? d. Embargo of 1807

e. Who wanted war against Britain? e. War Hawks

f. What ended the War of 1812? f. Treaty of Ghent

g. Which country were Pinckney’s Treaty and the Adams-Onis Treaty with? g. Spain

Goal 2: Expansion and Reform

01. Territorial Expansion

a. Why did Jefferson worry about the Louisiana Purchase? a. maybe unconstitutional

b. What was the major route west? b. Oregon Trail

c. What was Polk’s campaign slogan? c. 54 40 or Fight!

d. What war led to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the Mexican Cession? d. Mexican American

e. What purchase was made with the intent of building a Southern transcontinental railroad? e. Gadsden Purchase

f. Which Supreme Court case challenged the Indian Removal Act, was ignored by Jackson,

and led to the Trail of Tears? f. Worcester v. Georgia

g. What temporarily solved the problem of slavery in 1820? g. Missouri Compromise

h. What did it do? h. Maine-free state

Missouri-slave state

i. What is the right to vote called? Which group in society had it in the Jacksonian era? i. suffrage; white males

j. Which area did 54 40 or Fight refer to? j. Oregon Territory

02. Nationalism in Art and Literature

a. Who helped develop the American language in his Blue-Backed Speller and dictionary? a. Noah Webster

b. Who were four authors who developed an American form of writing? b. Irving, Poe,

Hawthorne, Cooper

c. Which school of landscape painting developed in the early 1800s? c. Hudson River School

d. What type of architecture existed? d. neoclassical

e. Who were the two leading Transcendentalists (one wrote Civil Disobedience)? e. Thoreau, Emerson

03. Economic and Social Issues in the Early 1800s

a. What did Samuel Morse invent? (This revolutionized communication) a. telegraph

b. Match the inventor to each invention: John Deere, Cyrus McCormick, Robert Fulton b. Deere-sp, Fulton-sb

mechanical reaper, steamboat, steel plow McCormick-mr

c. Which political party developed because of nativist (anti-immigrant) feelings? c. Know-Nothings

d. What was the difference in the economy of the North and the South? d. N-industry,S-farming

04. Political Issues in the Early 1800s

a. What warned European powers against involvement in the Western Hemisphere? a. Monroe Doctrine

b. Which “Great Compromiser” developed the American System (tariffs, transportation, bank)? b. Henry Clay

c. Which election was called a “Corrupt Bargain” when J.Q. Adams appointed Clay Sec. Of State? c. Election of 1824

d. After the Panic of 1819, what banks did Jackson put money into? d. pet banks

e. Which famous slave rebellion was in 1831 in Virginia? e. Nat Turner’s

f. The Tariff of 1828 (called the Tariff of Abominations) led to what? f. SC Exposition&Protest

05. Reform Movements of the Early 1800s

a. Who organized the Seneca Falls Convention? a. Stanton and Mott

b. Which former slave spoke there? b. Sojourner Truth

c. Who pushed for equal pay for women? (Hint: She’s on a dollar) c. Susan B. Anthony

d. Which religious movement led to societal reform (like temperance – anti-drinking)? d. 2nd Great Awakening

e. Who pushed for better treatment for the mentally ill? e. Dorothea Dix

f. What was an attempt to create perfect societies like Brook Farm, Oneida, and New Harmony? f. Utopian Communities

06. The Role of Religion in Social Movements

a. Who was a well-known preacher during the Second Great Awakening? a. Charles G. Finney

b. Which sisters spoke at many abolitionist meetings? b. Grimke

c. Who published the antislavery newspaper The Liberator? c. William Lloyd Garrison

d. Who was a radical abolitionist? d. David Walker

e. Which escaped slave wrote Narrative of the Life of an American Slave? e. Frederick Douglass

Goal 3: Civil War and Reconstruction

01. Antebellum Economic, Social, and Political Events

a. Which two candidates ran for Senator of Illinois in 1858? a. Lincoln & Douglas

b. Which Supreme Court case ruled that slaves were property? b. Scott v. Sandford

c. What allowed the people of a territory to allow slavery (mentioned in the Freeport Doctrine)? c. Popular Sovereignty

d. What allowed California to enter as a free state and supported the Fugitive Slave Law? d. Compromise of 1850

e. Who led a violent antislavery movement in Bleeding Kansas? He also raided Harper’s Ferry. e. John Brown

f. What reversed the Missouri Compromise? f. Kansas-Nebraska Act

g. Who was the most famous conductor on the Underground Railroad which helped slaves escape?g. Harriet Tubman

h. Which political party was founded on an antislavery platform? h. Republican

i. Which famous debate was about tariffs and states’ rights? i. Webster-Hayne

02. Causes of the Civil War

a. Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin? a. Harriet Beecher Stowe

b. What immediately followed the election of Republican Abraham Lincoln in 1860? b. secession of the South

c. Who was the President of the Confederacy? c. Jefferson Davis

d. Where were the first shots of the Civil War fired? d. Fort Sumter, SC

03. Turning Points of the Civil War

a. What was the first major battle of the Civil War? a. First Bull Run

b. What was the single bloodiest day of the Civil War? b. Antietam

c. What battle did the Union win to split the Confederacy at the Mississippi? c. Vicksburg

d. What battle was the turning point of the war? Lincoln later gave a famous address here. d. Gettysburg

e. Where did Robert E. Lee surrender for the Confederacy? e. Appomattox

f. Who assassinated Lincoln? f. John Wilkes Booth

g. The name of the Union strategy to win? (Blockade, division at Miss., capture of Richmond) g. Anaconda Plan

h. Who was the commander of Confederate troops? Who was the commander of Union troops? h. Lee; Grant

i. What did Lincoln suspend during the war? (There had to be cause for imprisonment) i. Writ of Habeas Corpus

j. What was Lincoln’s goal at the beginning of the war? j. to preserve the Union

k. What turned the war into a moral issue? k. Emancipation Proclamation

3.04 Political, Economic, and Social Impact of Reconstruction

a. What is the time period 1865-1877 called? a. Reconstruction

b. Who became President after Lincoln died? b. Andrew Johnson

c. What did Radical Republicans (like Thaddeus Stevens) want to expand? (food, medicine, ed.) c. Freedmen’s Bureau

d. What did Johnson violate which led to his impeachment? d. Tenure of Office Act

e. Which hate group emerged during Reconstruction? e. Ku Klux Klan

f. What two new forms of labor emerged in the South? f. sharecropping, tenant

farming

g. What was an example of scandal during Grant’s administration? g. The Whiskey Ring

h. What were the names of laws passed to limit the rights of African Americans? h. black codes, Jim Crow

i. What was the South called when it remained loyal to the Democratic Party? i. Solid South

j. What ended Reconstruction? j. Compromise of 1877

3.05 Test of the Government

a. Which Amendment made the Emancipation Proclamation constitutional (freed the slaves)? a. 13th Amendment

b. Which Amendment guarantees the rights of citizenship? b. 14th Amendment

c. Which Amendment gave all males the right to vote? c. 15th Amendment

d. Which Amendment gives rights to the states? d. 10th Amendment

*Va.Ky.,Hartford,Web-Hayne

Goal 4: Moving West

4.01 Groups that Moved West

a. What were the three reasons that Americans moved west? a. God, Gold, Glory

b. Which religious group was founded by Joseph Smith and later led by Brigham Young? b. Mormons

c. What was the name of a very important mining discovery? c. Comstock Lode

d. When was gold discovered in California? d. 1848

e. What encouraged settlers to move west by giving out free land to farm? e. Homestead Act

f. What kind of houses did western settlers build since there were very few trees? f. sod houses

g. What provided land grants for colleges? g. Morrill Land Grant Act

02. The Impact of Westward Movement

a. What was completed on May 10, 1869 at Promontory Point, Utah? a. Transcontinental

Railroad

b. Which two immigrant groups assisted greatly in the building of this railroad? b. Chinese and Irish

They were met with discrimination.

c. Which group of American Indians led by Chief Joseph was forced onto a reservation? c. Nez Perce

d. Which battle was a reaction to the Ghost Dance Movement led by Sitting Bull? d. Wounded Knee

e. Which battle between the Sioux and the US Cavalry is also called Custer’s Last Stand? e. Little Big Horn

f. What nickname was given to African-American cavalrymen? f. Buffalo Soldiers

g. Who wrote A Century of Dishonor which described the abuse of American Indians? g. Helen Hunt Jackson

h. Which act broke up the American Indian reservations in order for Indians to assimilate? h. Dawes Severalty

4.03 Difficulties for the American Farmer

a. Which movement grew out of farmers’ discontent in the late 1800s? a. The Grange

b. What were the three major farmers alliances? b. National, Colored,

Southern

c. What Supreme Court ruling allowed states to regulate private property for public use? c. Munn vs. Illinois

d. What act required railroads to charge reasonable rates? d. Interstate Commerce

e. What was the idea of money being backed by both gold and silver called? e. Bimettallism

f. What was William Jennings Bryan’s famous speech that criticized the gold standard? f. Cross of Gold

g. What party of the late 1800s wanted govt. ownership of railroads and to restrict immigration? g. Populist

4.04 Agriculture Technology

a. What were four ways in which agriculture improved in the late 1800s? a. windmill, barbed wire,

steel plow,

refrigerated railcar

b. What developed to help farmers buy supplies as a group? b. cooperatives

c. Which business practice allowed a few people to control an industry as directors? c. interlocking

directorates

d. What is the process of buying out one’s suppliers? d. vertical integration

e. What is the process of buying out one’s competitors? e. horizontal integration

f. What term means very little government control of business? f. laissez-faire

Goal 5: Immigration, Urbanization, and Industrialization

01. Immigration and Urbanization

a. What inventions of the late 1800s improved business and industry? a. elevator, Bell’s phone,

Edison’s light bulb,

Sholes’ typewriter

b. Which immigrants were primarily from Western Europe? Eastern Europe and Asia? b. Old; New

c. Which act prohibited the Chinese from immigrating to the United States? c. Chinese Exclusion

d. What uniquely shaped buildings allowed more room for windows? d. Dumbell Tenements

e. Who wrote How the Other Half Lives? e. Jacob Riis

f. Who started the settlement house movement? (These were community centers.) f. Jane Addams

g. What did Frederick Law Olmstead develop? g. Central Park

5.02 Business and Industrial Leaders

a. What allowed for mass production of steel? a. Bessemer Process

b. Who invented the oil drill? b. Edwin Drake

c. Who merged with J.P. Morgan to form U.S. Steel? c. Andrew Carnegie

d. What was the term for owners allowing a board of trustees to control businesses? d. trusts

e. When these trusts eliminated all competition, what were they called? e. monopolies

f. Who started Standard Oil? f. John D. Rockefeller

g. They thought of themselves as “Captains of Industry,” but what did some call Carnegie, etc.? g. Robber Barrons

h. When Darwin’s theory of “survival of the fittest” is applied to the human population? h. Social Darwinism

i. Who wrote many “rags to riches stories” about young men who were honest and hardworking? i. Horatio Alger

j. What did Mark Twain call the late 1800s? j. The Gilded Age

5.03 Labor Unions

a. What unions included all kinds of workers? What included workers from the same occupation? a. trade; craft

b. Who was the president of the American Federation of Labor? b. Samuel Gompers

c. Which President of the AFL ran for U.S. President five times as a socialist? c. Eugene V. Debs

d. Which union allowed women and African Americans to be members? d. Knights of Labor

e. What was the major railway strike of 1877 called? e. The Great Strike

f. What major strike occurred at one of Carnegie’s steel works factories? f. Homestead

g. What was a demonstration in Chicago in which someone killed eight policemen with a bomb? g. Haymarket Riot

h. What was a strike in which federal troops had to intervene? h. Pullman Strike

i. What act made monopolies illegal and forced them to break up into smaller companies? i. Sherman Antitrust

j. Which union lost popularity after the Haymarket Riot? j. Knights of Labor

5.04 Changing Role of Government

a. What Supreme Court case showed that the government was pro-business? a. US vs. EC Knight

b. What were groups of politicians that gained control of public services and practiced patronage? b. political machines

c. What was the most famous one and who was the boss? c. Tammany Hall; Tweed

d. What act created the civil service system? (Qualifications for jobs instead of favors) d. Pendleton

e. What well-known scandal involved Union Pacific stockholders selling shares to congressmen? e. Credit Mobilier

f. What were Republicans that supported Civil Service Reform called? f. Mugwumps

g. What were four political changes that took place in the late 1800s? g. initiative, referendum,

recall, secret ballot

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