Texas Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations
Texas
Compilation of School
Discipline Laws and
Regulations
Prepared: March 31, 2023
Texas Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations
Introduction
This compilation presents school discipline-related laws and regulations for U.S. states, U.S. territories,
and the District of Columbia, and, where available, links to education agency websites or resources
related to school discipline and student conduct. The discipline laws and regulations presented in this
compilation have been categorized by type of specific discipline issue covered, according to an
organizational framework developed by the National Center for Safe and Supportive Learning
Environments (NCSSLE). For example, one major category encompasses all laws or regulations
governing states or territories that mandate specific disciplinary sanctions (such as suspension) for
specific offenses (such as drug possession on school grounds). The school discipline laws and
regulations were compiled through exhaustive searches of legislative websites that identified all laws
and regulations relevant to each specific category. Compiled materials were subsequently reviewed by
state education agency (SEA) representatives in the 50 states, Washington D.C., and the U.S.
territories.
Discipline categories were not mutually exclusive. Laws and regulations often appeared across multiple
categories. For jurisdictions with more extensive laws covering a breadth of topical areas, relevant
sections were excerpted from the larger legislative text for inclusion in the appropriate discipline category.
Laws, ordered by chapter and section number, appear first within each category followed by regulations.
All laws and regulations listed within categories in the compilation also appear in the sources cited
section of the document, which lists laws by chapter and section number and title, and where available,
includes active hyperlinks to source websites supported or maintained by state legislatures. Additional
links to government websites or resources are provided at the end of this document.
Notes & Disclaimers
To the best of the preparers knowledge, this Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations is
complete and current as of March 2023. Readers should also note that the information in this document
was compiled from individual sources that are created by each jurisdiction and which are maintained and
updated with varying frequencies. Readers should consult the source information provided directly in
order to check for updates to laws and regulations reported in this document or to conduct further
research.
For further information, including definitions of the different policy categories, please refer to the
Discipline Laws and Regulations Compendium posted on the Centers website.
Prepared by:
Texas Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations
Table of Contents
Texas State Codes Cited ................................................................................................................................ 1
Codes of Conduct ........................................................................................................................................... 8
Authority to Develop and Establish Codes of Conduct ................................................................................. 8
Scope ............................................................................................................................................................ 9
Communication of Policy ............................................................................................................................. 10
In-School Discipline...................................................................................................................................... 11
Discipline Frameworks ................................................................................................................................ 11
Teacher Authority to Remove Students From Classrooms ........................................................................ 11
Alternatives to Suspension .......................................................................................................................... 12
Conditions on Use of Certain Forms of Discipline .................................................................................... 15
Corporal Punishment .................................................................................................................................. 15
Search and Seizure ..................................................................................................................................... 16
Restraint and Seclusion .............................................................................................................................. 16
Exclusionary Discipline: Suspension, Expulsion, and Alternative Placement ...................................... 22
Grounds for Suspension or Expulsion......................................................................................................... 22
Limitations or Conditions on Exclusionary Discipline .................................................................................. 29
Due Process ................................................................................................................................................ 32
Return to School Following Removal .......................................................................................................... 36
Alternative Placements ............................................................................................................................... 39
Discipline Addressing Specific Code of Conduct Violations ................................................................... 61
Firearms and Other Weapons Violations .................................................................................................... 61
Students with Chronic Disciplinary Issues .................................................................................................. 64
Chronic Absenteeism and Truancy ............................................................................................................. 64
Substance Use ............................................................................................................................................ 70
Gang-related Activity ................................................................................................................................... 75
Bullying, Harassment, or Hazing ................................................................................................................. 76
Dating and Relationship Violence ............................................................................................................... 86
Prevention, Behavioral Intervention, and Supports .................................................................................. 88
State Model Policies and Implementation Support ..................................................................................... 88
Multi-tiered Frameworks and Systems of Support ...................................................................................... 98
Prevention ................................................................................................................................................. 101
Social-emotional Learning (SEL) .............................................................................................................. 106
Trauma-informed Practices ....................................................................................................................... 108
Mental Health Literacy Training ................................................................................................................ 112
School-based Behavioral Health Programs .............................................................................................. 118
Monitoring and Accountability .................................................................................................................. 127
Formal Incident Reporting of Conduct Violations ...................................................................................... 127
Parental Notification .................................................................................................................................. 129
Data Collection, Review, and Reporting of Discipline Policies and Actions ............................................. 134
Texas Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations
Partnerships between Schools and Law Enforcement ........................................................................... 142
Referrals to Law Enforcement................................................................................................................... 142
School Resource Officer (SRO) or School Security Officer (SSO) Training or Certification .................... 144
Authorizations, Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs), and/or Funding.................................................. 147
Threat Assessment Protocols ................................................................................................................... 151
State-Sponsored, Publicly Available Websites or Other Resources on School Discipline ................ 155
Texas Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations
Texas State Codes Cited
Texas Revised Statutes
Civil Practice and Remedies Code
Title 6. Miscellaneous Provisions
Chapter 129A. Relief for Cyberbullying of Child
129A.001.
129A.002.
129A.003.
129A.004.
129A.005.
Definition
Injunctive relief
Promulgation of forms
Inapplicability
Certain conduct excepted
Code of Criminal Procedure
Title 1. Code of Criminal Procedure
Chapter 2. General Duties of Officers
2.127.
School marshals
Chapter 15. Arrest Under Warrant
15.27.
Notification to schools required
Education Code
Title 2. Public Education
Subtitle B. State and Regional Organization and Governance
Chapter 8. Regional education Service Centers
Subchapter E. Mental Health and Substance Use Resources For School District Personnel
8.155.
Regional education service center property
Subtitle C. Local Organizations and Governance
Chapter 11. School Districts
Subchapter F. District-Level and Decision Making
11.252.
District-level planning and decision-making
Subtitle D. Educators and School District Employees and Volunteers
Chapter 21. Educators
Subchapter A. General Provisions
21.044.
Educator preparation
21.054.
Continuing education
Subchapter J. Staff Development
21.451.
Staff development requirements
21.462.
Resources regarding students with mental health or substance abuse conditions
Texas Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations
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