Cellular Reproduction Chapter 10
[Pages:10]Cellular Reproduction Chapter 10
1. Importance 2. Bacterial Reproduction 3. Eukaryotic Cell Cycle 4. Eukaryotic Chromosomes 5. Mitosis 6. Cytokinesis in animal and plant cells 7. Sexual Iife cycle 8. Meiosis 9. Cloning 10. Cancer
Importance of Cell Division
? Growth and Development
Zygote 1 Cell
Embryo 100 cells
Fetus millions cells
? Asexual Reproduction
Adult 100 trillion cells
1
Bacterial Binary Fission
Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
G2
G1
S
2
Organization of DNA in Cell
Monad
Interphase Chromatin
Dyad
Monad Mitotic Chromatin
3
Chromosomes
Karyotype ? number and type of chromosomes Diploid Cells ? two matched sets of chromosomes Homologous Chromosomes ? matched pair of chromosomes Sex chromosomes ? set of chromosomes that differ in two sexes Autosomes ? any chromosome that is not a sex chromosomes Haploid Cells ? cells with only one set of chromosomes gametes
Chromosome Number
? Humans 23 pair of chromosomes
? Diploid cells total of 46 chromosomes
? 44 Autosomes ? 2 Sex Chromosomes
? Haploid cells total of 23 chromosomes
? 22 Autosomes ? 1 Sex Chromosomes
? Other species have different # of chromosome.
Haploid corn cells ? 10 Haploid gold fish cells ? 96 Haploid fruit flies - 4
4
Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
G2
G1
S
5
Cytokinesis
Contractile Ring Cell Plate
Human Life Cycle
Mitotic Cell Cycle ? generates daughter cells identical to mother cell Meiosis ? generates daughter cells with ? the genetic material of mother cell Fertilization (fusion of gametes) doubles the genetic material in the zygote
6
Meiosis
Diploid Cells
Haploid Cells
Humans 46 Chromosomes
Fruit Flies 8 Chromosomes
Corn 20 Chromosomes
23 Chromosomes 4 Chromosomes 10 Chromosomes
7
Overview of Meiosis
Meiosis I ? Diploid cell with dyads gives rise to haploid cell with dyads. Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I
Meiosis II ? Haploid cell with dyads gives rise to two cells with monads. Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II
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