Chapter 14 The digestive system power point notes



Chapter 14 The digestive system power point notes

___Digestion ____________ is the breakdown of ingested food and __absorption__________ of nutrients in the blood. _Metabolism_______________ is the production of cellular energy __ATP____________.

|Organs of the alimentary canal |Function of Organs |

|Mouth |Chewing adding saliva, CHO digestion |

|Pharynx |Throat, where esophagus and trachea meet |

|Esophagus |Food shoot, peristalisis occurs |

|Stomach |Digest proteins |

|Small Intestine |Abosorption of nutrients |

|Large intestine |Water is absorbed make vitamin K |

|Anus |Remove feces |

__peristalisis_________ is the slow rhythmic squeezing of food through the digestive tract.

_Rugae__________ are folds of the stomach mucosa

The stomach functions in the digestion of _proteins_________________. The soupy mixture of food in the stomach is called __chyme________. The _small intestine___________ is the site of nutrient absorption. The 3 divisions of the small intestine are called _duodenum______, jejunum___, and __ileum___________. The villi are: _folds in the intestine_________________________

What are three functions of the small intestine?

1.absorb nutrients

2.main digestive site

3.break down lipids

Accessory digestive organs

|Accessory Organs |function |

|Salivary glands |Make saliva |

|Teeth |chewing |

|Pancreas |Make pancreatic juice to digest fats |

|Liver |Make bile |

|Gall bladder |Store and concentrate bile |

Starch digestion begins in the _mouth________ when Salivary amylase is added to the food. The wad of food before you swallow it is called a __bolus_____________. Bile is produced by the _liver_______ the gall bladder stores _bile_____and then ducts it into the _small intestine____________ to aid in fat digestion.

The 2 types of digestion are _mechanical___________ digestion which is mixing food in the mouth by tongue churning__ food in the stomach and _segmentation____ in the small intestine. The second type is _chemical_____________ digestion which is the enzymes____________ break down of food.

When swallowing food the __epiglottis______________ blocks the larynx so that food does not go into the windpipe. The _caridioesphogeal___ is the valve or sphincter that opens when food from the esophagus presses on it. Protein digestion begins in the stomach____________. The enzyme __pepsin_________ digest protein and _renine____________ digests milk. The only absorption the occurs in the stomach is of _alcohol_____________ and __asprin____________.

The large intestine produces no _digestive____________ enzymes. Bacteria in the large intestine produce vitamin ___K________ and release _gas_____________.

The 3 main sources of nutrients are ___CHO______________, __Proteins_____________ and ___lipids________________.

Vitamins are used as ___catalyst___________________ with enzymes.

BMR stands for ______basal metabolic rate____________________________ it is the amount of heat produced by the body at rest.

The __hypothalamus_________________ is the site of the body’s thermostat.

#15

1. G

2. E

3. F

4. H

5. C

6. D

7. B

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