Laboratory Safety for Chemistry Students - Home



Chapter 6 Questions6.1.1 Risk Assessment – Learning to Live Safely with Hazards1.Which combination of parameters generates the highest risk level?A) Low hazard and low probability of exposure.B) Low hazard and high probability of exposure.C) High hazard and low probability of exposure.D) High hazard and high probability of exposure.2.Which statement is true?A) Risk assessment and risk management are essentially the same process.B) Risk assessment precedes risk management.C) Risk management precedes risk assessment.D) Risk assessment is usually easy and risk management is usually difficult.3.What is a common way to minimize exposure to chemicals, as a first measure of reducing the probability of exposure?A) Using chemicals in a closed system.B) Using chemicals in a chemical hood.C) Using personal protective equipment.D) C, plus A or B.4.What word does the GHS use to represent the highest level of severity?A) Catastrophic.B) Significant.C) Serious.D) Deadly.5.What level of risk is associated with using concentrated sulfuric acid if no precautions are taken?A) Care; low risk.B) Caution; moderate risk.C) Warning; high risk.D) Danger; extreme risk.6.2.1 Using GHS to Evaluate Chemical Toxic Hazards1.In the GHS, what are the number of classes of physical, health, and environmental hazards, respectively?A) 2, 10, 16B) 2, 16, 10C) 10, 16, 2D) 16, 10, 22.For which category of health hazard do we have relatively good data for many chemicals?A) Germ cell mutagenicity.B) Eye damage and eye irritation.C) Skin corrosion.D) Acute toxicity.3.For the class of acute toxicity, the signal word “Danger” is used for what Hazard Category(ies)?A) 1B) 1,2C) 1,2,3D) 1,2,3,44.What range of LD 50 values if considered “fatal if swallowed”?A) ≤ 5 mg/kgB) ≤ 50 mg/kgC) ≤ 300 mg/kgD) ≤ 2000 mg/kg5.With regard to dermal exposure, what chemical is considered “fatal in contact with skin”?A) sodium azide.B) allyl alcohol.C) hydrazine.D) All of the above.6.What range of LC 50 values if considered “fatal if inhaled” for gases?A) ≤ 100 ppmB) ≤ 500 ppmC) ≤ 2,500 ppmD) ≤ 5,000 ppm7.Carbon disulfide is ranked asA) slightly toxic by ingestion, moderately toxic by inhalation, a carcinogen, but extremely flammable.B) moderately toxic by ingestion, slightly toxic by inhalation, a carcinogen, but extremely flammable.C) slightly toxic by ingestion, moderately toxic by inhalation, but extremely flammable.D) slightly toxic by ingestion, moderately toxic by inhalation, genotoxic, and mildly flammable.8.Toluene diisocyanate is ranked asA) very toxic by ingestion, very toxic by inhalation, and a powerful irritant.B) mildly toxic by ingestion, mildly toxic by inhalation, and a powerful irritant.C) very toxic by ingestion, mildly toxic by inhalation, and a powerful irritant.D) mildly toxic by ingestion, very toxic by inhalation, and very flammable.ANSWER: A6.2.2 Understanding Occupational Exposure Limits1.Which is true? A) TLVs and PELs are non-mandatory.B) TLVs and PELs are mandatory.C) TLVs are mandatory and PELs are non-mandatory.D) TLVs are non-mandatory and PELs are mandatory.2.What set of assumptions is built into the TWA values?A) 5 day/week at 8 hr/day over the course of a 40-year career for a 150-pound male between the ages of 25-44.B) 5 day/week at 8 hr/day over the course of a 70-year career for a 150-pound male between the ages of 25-44.C) 5 day/week at 8 hr/day over the course of a 40-year career for a 150-kg male between the ages of 25-44.D) 5 day/week at 8 hr/day over the course of a 70-year career for a 150-pound male between the ages of 25-64.3.A STEL is based on what duration of exposure?A) 15 minutesB) 30 minutesC) 60 minutesD) one 8-hour work day4.A Ceiling level isA) a maximum concentration that is allowed at the ceiling of a laboratory.B) a minimum concentration that is allowed at the ceiling of a laboratory.C) a level that is not to be exceeded at any time.D) the level that may not be exceeded for more than 15 minutes.5.When OSHA uses a TLV in regulationsA) the TLV becomes a mandatory PEL.B) the PEL is non-mandatory.C) it is required that the TLV be updated annually.D) updated TLVs automatically become updated PELs.6.The easiest and best source for TLV data isA) the manufacturer’s MSDSB) the ACGIHC) TOXNETD) the OSHA website.7.The IDHL is an OEL that uses what time frame as the criterion for escape?A) 2 minutesB) 5 minutesC) 15 minutesD) 30 minutes6.3.1 Assessing Chemical Exposures1.Which environment is not a situation where monitoring the atmosphere is required or recommended?A) Confined spaces.B) Where radioactive materials are used.C) Ordinary chemistry laboratories.D) Laboratories where there is reason to believe that exposure to substances is above the “action level.”2.Which kind of sampling system uses a pump to draw air over a sorbent material?A) Active.B) Passive.C) Dynamic.D) Constant-pressure.3.Charcoal tubes usually have two sections of charcoal sinceA) different analytes required difference kinds of charcoal in order to be sufficiently adsorbed.B) the second tube is present to collect breakthrough or overloading in the first sections.C) each section of charcoal will used for different methods of analysis.D) the second tube is a protective measure to prevent the escape of gases.4.What is a typical sampling time for an active tube procedure?A) 4 minutesB) 200 minutesC) 4 hoursD) 200 hours5.Biomonitoring is the process of measuring the A) concentration of living species (virsus and bacteria) in the air.B) concentration of living species (viruses and bacteria) in the water.C) measuring chemicals in human tissue or fluids.D) death rate of scientists working in laboratories.6.When conducting biomonitoring procedures it is easy toA) determine if a chemical arose from exposure in a lab environment vs. in a non-lab environment.B) usually impossible to link the results with observed health effects.C) usually difficult to directly link the results to exposure levels.D) usually possible to link the results to the route of exposure.7.In the process of biomonitoring it sometimes desirable to derivatize an analyte so thatA) it is easier to measure by a method such a UV or mass spectroscopy detection.B) the chemist doing the sampling does not get exposed directly to the analyte.C) there is less chance of contamiting and LC column.D) All of these above.6.3.2Starting to Work in, or Visit, a New Laboratory1.Why do emergency rescuers perform a “scene survey” before taking any actions on scene?A) OSHA regulations require that they do so.B) To determine is someone else has already taken care of the emergency.C) To document the scene with digital photographs.D) To determine if there are circumstances that may compromise the safety of patients, victims, and safety personnel.2.How are advanced or research laboratories different than laboratories for introductory classes?A) They have more chemicals in the laboratory.B) They have more kinds of chemicals in the laboratory.C) They have more instruments and kinds of equipment in the laboratory.D) All of the above.3.Which kind of non-chemistry lab may contain many hazardous substances?A) Molecular genetics laboratories.B) Physics laboratories.C) Geology laboratories.D) All of the above.4.It is sometimes true that the current occupants of a labA) won’t be aware of some lab hazards.B) will be aware of some lab hazards but generally dismiss the hazard since experience has shown that the hazard does not cause safety problems.C) will be aware of some lab hazards.D) All of the above.6.3.3 Planning to Do Experiments Safely1.General safety principles taught in this bookA) are applicable for “routine” experiments but are often not relevant when conducting specialized experiments.B) are sufficiently detailed that their use in all circumstances will prevent lab accidents.C) might not provide enough detail to alert chemists to all of the kinds of hazards that can be encountered.D) are good for undergraduate experiments but much less applicable in the chemical industry.2.When planning a new experiment, the list of items to consider isA) relatively short.B) quite long, and it is best to always write out a detailed “assessment of risk” for every experiment.C) quite long, but most items can usually be ignored.D) quite long, and careful review of all hazards and possible risks is wise.3.When recognizing hazards, it is best to consider A) all hazards equally. B) the overall risk level of the least hazardous steps since they are the most likely to occur.C) the overall risk level of the most hazardous steps since they are the most likely to occur.D) the overall risk level of the most hazardous steps since they are the most likely to present the greatest danger.4.One way to reduce risk in some experiments is to run the reaction A) at a higher temperature, which will likely complete the reaction more quickly, leaving less time for mistakes to occur.B) on a small scale since any adverse incident will then also be “on a small scale.”C) on a large scale so there is more solvent to absorb any unexpected heat release.D) in a closed system so that any possible explosion is better contained.5.Preparing for emergencies isA) required by OSHA.B) prudent so that in the event of an accident and subsequent lawsuit, you can demonstrate that the incident wasn’t your fault.C) prudent since being able to respond quickly and properly can minimize injuries to personnel and damage to property.D) All of the above. ................
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