Dorchester School District Two



Chemistry Quarantine FudgeApplying dimensional analysis and scientific notation to the real worldEveryone loves grandma’s fudge. The problem is, she always writes her recipes in units that are hard to use in the kitchen when you actually bake! Your job is to convert the measurements below into measurements that you can use to bake a batch of fudge. Use your dimensional analysis skills and the conversion factors listed in the table below to get the measurements into the required units. Round each number to the nearest whole number. Place your final answers in the appropriate box. Be sure to show ALL WORK.Chemistry Cooking Conversion Factors1 tsp = 5 mL1 mL = 7 drops1 droplet = 0.001 drop1 mL = 1 cm31 m3 = 1,000,000 cm31 cup = 48 tsp1 oz = 30 mL1 cup = 110 g1 kg = 1,000 g1 g = 1,000 mgIngredients45339001130302.20 x 105 mg chocolate chips into cupscups of chocolate chips4552950622304.14 x 10-4 m3 sweetened condensed milk into ounces (oz.)oz of sweetened condensed milk45243751282703.50 x 104 droplets of vanilla extract into teaspoons (tsp.)tsp of vanilla extractChemistry Quarantine Fudge3 MethodsMethod 1: Microwave MethodMaking fudge in the microwave may be the simplest way to create this delicious treat. Start by adding the number of cups of chocolate chips needed (#1)?and?the number of ounces of sweetened condensed milk needed (#2) to a microwave-safe bowl. Heat these two ingredients on high for 30 second increments, stirring each time until melted. Don’t overcook the ingredients, as the chocolate will become dry and crumbly.?When ingredients are fully melted, and smooth, stir in?the number of teaspoons of vanilla extract needed (#3). You can also stir in 1/2 cup of additional ingredients, like sprinkles, nuts, candies or cookies.When all of your ingredients are fully incorporated into the soft fudge mixture, transfer to an 8x8 pan that has been lined with waxed paper or plastic wrap. Press evenly into the prepared pan. Feel free to top the fudge with additional sprinkles, candies or other ingredients, if desired.Refrigerate for at least 2-3 hours or until set and firm. You’ll then be able to lift the fudge from the sides of the paper and onto a cutting board. Cut into small 1” squares, and enjoy!Method 2: Slow Cooker/Crockpot MethodMuch like the microwave method, making fudge in the slow cooker is just as easy. You’ll start with the same ingredient ratio:?number of cups of chocolate chips needed (#1) (any mixture or variety: semi-sweet and peanut butter chips were used here)?and?the number of ounces of sweetened condensed milk needed (#2). Heat these ingredients on low heat in the slow cooker for up to one hour. Stir the ingredients often, and remove the ingredients from the cooker as soon as they are fully melted and resemble a clay-like mixture. Stir in?the number of teaspoons of vanilla extract needed (#3) once the fudge has been removed from the heat.Press the fudge mixture into the prepared 8x8” pan that has been lined with paper or plastic wrap. Add any additional desired toppings.Refrigerate the fudge for 2-3 hours until completely firm. Cut into 1” pieces and enjoy!Method 3: StovetopMuch like the microwave and slow cooker methods, making fudge on the stovetop is very simple. However, because you are using a slightly hotter heat source, tending to the pan is a must.?To make fudge on the stovetop, start with the standard?number of cups of chocolate chips needed (#1), to?the number of ounces of sweetened condensed milk needed (#2). Add these to the saucepan, and heat over low, stirring the ingredients often. Once the ingredients have melted together, promptly remove from heat, and stir in the?number of teaspoons of vanilla extract needed (#3). Add in any additional nuts or candies that you may prefer.Pour the fudge into the prepared pan, top with any additional ingredients. Please note that of the three methods, this method will get the ingredients the hottest. Be sure to use potholders when pouring the fudge into the pan.?Refrigerate for 2-3 hours, or until the fudge is completely set. Once fudge is cooled and set, cut into 1” squares and enjoy! ................
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