North Tonawanda City Schools / Overview



[pic] [pic] EARTH SCIENCE [pic]

Weather, Atmosphere, & Climate Regents Questions

Name: _______________________________________________________________ Period:_______

August 2011

7 In the Northern Hemisphere, planetary winds deflect to the

(1) right, due to the Coriolis effect (3) left, due to the Coriolis effect

(2) right, due to the Doppler effect (4) left, due to the Doppler effect t

8 Which air mass is associated with low relative humidity and high air temperature?

(1) maritime polar (2) maritime tropical (3) continental polar (4) continental tropical

9 The arrows in the block diagram below show the movement of water after it has fallen as precipitation.

[pic]

10 What are the dewpoint and wind direction shown on the station model below?

[pic]

11 Most of the air in the lower troposphere at the equatorial low-pressure belt is

(1) warm, moist, and rising (3) cool, moist, and sinking

(2) warm, dry, and rising (4) cool, dry, and sinking

12 The diagram below shows dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperature readings for a parcel of air.

[pic]

13 Which atmospheric temperature zone is located between 8 and 32 miles above Earth’s surface and

contains an abundance of ozone?

(1) troposphere (2) stratosphere (3) mesosphere (4) thermosphere

14 Which natural event temporarily slows or reverses surface ocean currents in the equatorial region of the Pacific Ocean, causing a disruption of normal weather patterns?

(1) monsoons (2) volcanic eruptions (3) El Niño (4) deforestation

16 The table below shows the average January air temperature from 1901 to 2006 in two different cities in New York State.

[pic]

The most likely cause of this air temperature difference is that New York City is located

(1) in a different prevailing wind belt

(2) at a higher latitude

(3) near a large body of water

(4) at a higher elevation

33 The weather map below shows a portion of the United States. Line AB represents a frontal boundary

between two air masses. The two large arrows indicate the direction that a cP air mass is moving.

[pic]

Which symbol correctly represents the frontal boundary at line AB?

[pic]

34 Which cross section below best shows the locations of high air pressure and low air pressure near a beach

on a hot, sunny, summer afternoon?

[pic]

35 The diagram below shows the flow of air over a mountain, from location A to B to C.

[pic]

Which graph best shows how the air temperature and probability of precipitation change during this air

movement?

[pic]

36 The weather map below shows the air temperatures recorded at the same time at cities across the United

States.

[pic]

Which map correctly shows the locations of the 40°F and 50°F isotherms?

[pic]

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37 Two greenhouse gases that may be responsible for the increased ice melting in Greenland are

(1) nitrogen and oxygen (3) hydrogen and helium

(2) oxygen and silicon (4) carbon dioxide and methane

39 A decrease in areas covered in snow and ice leads to an increase in the absorption of insolation because

exposed land surfaces are

(1) rougher and darker (3) smoother and darker

(2) rougher and lighter (4) smoother and lighter

______________________________________________________________________________________

Base your answers to questions 56 through 60 on the table and map below. The table shows the duration of

insolation, in hours, at Barrow, Alaska, on the twentieth day of each month during 2008. The map shows the

location of Barrow at 71° N 156.5° W.

[pic]

56 On the grid below, construct a line graph by plotting the data for the duration of

insolation at Barrow for each date shown on the data table. Connect the plots with a line. [1]

[pic]

57 Explain why Barrow receives 0 hours of insolation on December 20. [1]

58 State the altitude of Polaris as seen from Barrow. [1]

59 Explain why Barrow is in a different time zone than New York City. [1]

60 On what date was the noontime Sun highest in the sky at Barrow? [1]

_____________________________________________________________

62 Identify one process that causes clouds to form in rising moist air. [1]

Base your answers to questions 78 through 82 on the weather graphs below, which show data recorded at

Syracuse, New York, as a winter storm moved across the region between December 1 and December 4, 2007.

Graph 1 shows air temperatures and dewpoints. Graph 2 shows barometric pressures.

[pic]

[pic]

78 State the relationship between the air temperature and the barometric pressure in Syracuse on

December 2. [1]

79 On which date and at what time did the relative humidity reach 100% in Syracuse? [1]

80 On the station model below, record the barometric pressure for Syracuse at 4 p.m. on December 2. [1]

[pic]

81 A radar image of this storm is shown below. The darkest regions on the radar image show areas

of precipitation. Letter L marks the location of the center of the low-pressure system. Draw an arrow on the

radar image to show the most probable path this winter storm followed. Begin the arrow at letter L. [1]

[pic]

82 Complete the table below by identifying one instrument used to determine barometric pressure and one weather variable determined by using a psychrometer. [1]

[pic]

June 2011

5 Planetary winds and ocean currents are deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere due to

(1) seasonal changes (2) plate tectonics (3) the Doppler effect (4) the Coriolis effect

16 What is the dewpoint when the air temperature is 26°C and the relative humidity is 77%?

(1) 3°C (2) 20°C (3) 22°C (4) 23°C

9 What is inferred to be the main source of the free oxygen that first entered Earth’s atmosphere?

(1) meteorite impacts releasing oxygen (3) melting of glacial ice into hydrogen and oxygen

(2) oxygen-producing organisms (4) radioactive decay of rocks containing oxygen

22 An increase in which gas in Earth’s atmosphere will most significantly increase global temperatures?

(1) methane (2) oxygen (3) nitrogen (4) hydrogen

24 During an El Niño event, surface water temperatures increase along the west coast of South America. Which weather changes are likely to occur in this region?

(1) decreased air temperature and decreased precipitation

(2) decreased air temperature and increased precipitation

(3) increased air temperature and increased precipitation

(4) increased air temperature and decreased precipitation

25 The diagram below shows air movement over a mountain.

[pic]

Compared to the climate on the windward side of the mountain, the climate on the leeward side of the mountain is

(1) drier and warmer (3) more humid and warmer

(2) drier and cooler (4) more humid and cooler

32 The incomplete flowchart below shows some of the changes that occur in warm air as it rises to form a cloud.

[pic]

Which statement should be placed in the empty box to accurately complete the flowchart?

(1) The air warms as it expands. (3) The air’s relative humidity decreases to zero.

(2) The air cools until it reaches the dewpoint. (4) The air enters the thermosphere.

33 The highest surface wind speeds occur when there is a

(1) 4-millibar air-pressure difference between two nearby locations

(2) 4-millibar air-pressure difference between two distant locations

(3) 20-millibar air-pressure difference between two nearby locations

(4) 20-millibar air-pressure difference between two distant locations

Base your answers to questions 53 through 55 on the diagram below, which represents Earth’s water cycle.

The arrows represent some water cycle processes. Letter A indicates a surface location on Earth.

[pic]

53 Other than evaporation, which water cycle process transfers large amounts of water vapor into the atmosphere from the forest? [1]

54 Describe one surface condition change at location A that would decrease the rate of runoff. [1]

55 How many joules (J) of heat energy are released by each gram of water vapor that condenses to form cloud droplets? [1]

Base your answers to questions 56 through 59 on the graphs and map below. The map shows a view of Earth

from above the North Pole. Points on the map indicate the positions of Reykjavik, Iceland, and Yakutsk, Russia. The graphs show average monthly air temperature (line graphs) and amount of precipitation (bar graphs) for both locations.

[pic]

56 Write the two-letter weather map symbol for an air mass that originates over Yakutsk. [1]

57 Explain why Reykjavik has cooler summers and warmer winters than Yakutsk. [1]

58 Describe one way the yearly precipitation in Yakutsk differs from that in Reykjavik. [1]

59 Identify one warm and one cool ocean current that affect the climate of Iceland. [1]

69 On the weather station model in your answer booklet, using the proper format, record the four weather conditions shown below. [1]

[pic]

Base your answers to questions 70 through 74 on the two maps below. Map 1 shows air temperatures in the United States and Mexico, recorded in °F, at the points shown on the map. Map 2 shows the location of a low-pressure system at the time these air temperatures were measured. An occluded front extends from the center of the low-pressure system (L) to point A. Lines AB and AC are two other frontal boundaries.

Two air masses are shown. The storm system later moved toward New York State and produced an ice storm.

[pic]

[pic]

70 On map 1, draw the 32°F isotherm. [1]

71 On map 2, draw weather front symbols on the correct sides of both line AB and line AC to show the most probable type and direction of movement of each front. [1]

72 Describe the general surface wind pattern associated with the low-pressure system shown on map 2. [1]

73 Explain what caused the center of this low-pressure system to move toward New York State. [1]

74 State one action New York State residents should have taken to prepare for the approaching ice storm. [1]

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Which arrow indicates the process of transpiration?

(1) 1

(2) 2

(3) 3

(4) 4

(1) 72°F and wind from the northeast

(2) 72°F and wind from the southeast (3) 74°F and wind from the northwest

(4) 74°F and wind from the southwest

What is the dewpoint of the air?

(1) 27°C

(2) 10°C

(3) 3°C

(4) –5°C

Dewpoint: 48°F

Air pressure: 998.3 mb

Wind: from the southeast

Wind speed: 10 knots

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