Inga 3 Hydropower Project - World Bank



Acronyms & Abbreviations

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List of Figures

Figure 1: Mozambique in its regional context 7

Figure 2: National grid (existing and planned) 9

Figure 3: Population density and settlement pattern 14

Figure 4: EDAP Subprojects by EDM and FUNAE 20

Figure 5: Vegetation areas & Location of EDAP Subprojects 23

Figure 6: Applicable Legislation and Regulations 42

Figure 7: EDAP Organisation Chart 56

Acronyms & Abbreviations 2

List of Figures 3

1. Introduction 7

1.1 Context 7

1.1.1 Country Overview 7

1.1.2 Mozambique's energy sector 7

1.2 Outline of the Energy Development & Access Project 10

2. Project Description 12

2.1 Project justification 12

2.2 Project relevance 12

2.3 Proposed project development objective 13

2.4 Project Components 15

2.4.1 Rehabilitation & Reinforcement of Primary Network and Grid Extension 15

2.4.2 Investments on Rural and Renewable Energy Component 17

2.4.3 Institutional Strengthening & Capacity-Building 19

2.5 Main subproject types 19

2.6 Main project activities 19

2.7 Biophysical & Socio-economic environments of EDAP 22

2.7.1 The Project Area 22

2.7.2 Soils 24

2.7.3 Climate 24

2.7.4 Topography 25

2.7.5 Hydrology 25

2.7.6 Natural Vegetation 25

2.7.7 Fauna 26

2.7.8 Wildlife & National Parks 26

2.7.9 Land Quality, Productivity & Degradation 27

2.7.10 Socio-economic Environment 27

2.7.11 Spatial Patterns of Peri-Urban Extensions 28

3. Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) 33

3.1 Rationale for Preparing ESMF 33

3.2 Purpose of the ESMF 33

3.3 Scope of ESMF 33

3.4 Approach and Methodology in the Preparation of the ESMF 34

3.5 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) 35

3.6 Monitoring Plan 36

3.7 Capacity Building and Training for EDAP and its Components 38

3.7.1 Proposed Training Elements 39

4. Legal, Regulatory and Administrative Framework 42

4.1 Mozambique's Environmental Policies and Regulations 42

4.1.1 The Legal Framework Supporting ESMF 43

4.2 World Bank Safeguard Policies 45

4.3 EDAP Triggered Safeguard Policies 46

4.4 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulations 49

4.4.1 Review and Approval of the Environmental Impact Assessment Report 52

4.5 International Conventions ratified by Mozambique 53

4.6 Institutional Framework 54

4.6.1 EDAP's institutional arrangements 54

4.6.2 Interface between the Ministry of Energy and MICOA 58

5. Potential Social and Environmental Impacts 61

5.1 Reinforcement of the primary networks and grid extension 61

5.1.1 Construction Phase 62

5.1.2 Operation and maintenance phase 66

5.2 Solar PV systems 69

5.2.1 Installation / construction phase 69

5.2.2 Operation and maintenance phase 70

5.3 Micro Hydropower systems 71

5.3.1 Construction phase 71

5.3.2 Operation and maintenance phase 74

6. The Environmental and Social Screening Process 77

6.1 Step 1: Environmental and Social Screening of Subprojects 77

6.2 Step 2: Assigning Appropriate Environmental Category 77

6.3 Step 3: Conducting an EIA 78

6.4 Step 4: Review and Approval of EIA 78

6.5 Step 5: Public Consultation and Disclosure 79

6.6 Step 6: Monitoring and Reporting 80

6.7 Step 7: Monitoring indicators 81

7. Conclusion and Recommendations 83

8. Annexure 84

Annex 1: Proposed Environmental and Social Screening Form (ESSF) 84

Annex 2: Socio-economic and Environmental Checklist / Conceptual ESMP 91

Annex 3: Environmental Guidelines for Contractors 99

Annex 4: Overview of the World Bank's Safeguard Policies 107

Annex 5: Proposed Terms of Reference for an Environmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) 112

Annex 6: Environmental & Social Checklist 114

Annex 7: Key References 118

1. Introduction

1.1 Context

1.1.1 Country Overview

Mozambique has achieved impressive economic growth since the end of the civil war. Although it remains a successful example of post-conflict transition, with impressive economic growth averaging 8 per cent from 2000 to 2006 and sustained macroeconomic and political stability, the vast majority of its 19.7 million inhabitants are classified as poor.

Figure 1: Mozambique in its regional context

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1.1.2 Mozambique's energy sector

Mozambique’s vast energy resources have the capacity to satisfy most of its domestic energy needs. They include hydropower, natural gas, coal, biomass, solar and wind. The country is endowed with a considerable hydropower potential which has been broadly estimated at 12,500 MW with a corresponding annual energy generation potential of 60,000 GWh. It is estimated that around one third of this potential can be developed at a relatively low cost. The largest potential is in the Zambezi River basin at sites such as Cahora Bassa north and Mphanda Nkuwa. So far about 2,200 MW has been developed. In addition, the potential for small hydro is 190 MW, which includes 6 MW micro hydro (1 ................
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