Joinery and Methods



Joinery and MethodsPage 1Butt jointsEnd butt jointsWeakest of all jointsMust be strengthened with a wood block or dowelsCan be strengthened with nails or screws Edge Butt JointUsed for gluing up narrow boards to make large usable lumberMay be strengthened with splines, dowels, or biscuitsDowel JointsUsed in butt jointsPlastic or wooden pegs are usedDowel tools and MaterialsDowel rods are usually made from birch and are 1/8” to 1” in diameterSpiral grooves are cut for glueSlick dowels have no grooves but can still be used Dowel jigs help find the exact center of a board for alignment purposesDowel bits are shorter than standard drill bits for more precise drilling however standard bits may be usedJoinery and MethodsPage 2Rabbet JointRabbet Joint1. Simple joint used in modern construction2. Found on the end or edges of boards3. The front of the joint hides the side and edges4. Used for placing back material onto a cabinetLaying out a Rabbet Joint1. Make sure all ends are square2. The width of the rabbet joint is equal to the thickness of the joining stock3. The depth of the joint is equal to ? the thicknessCutting the RabbetCan be done with a back sawCan be done with multiple cuts on the table saw or radial arm sawCan be cut using a dado blade on the table saw or radial arm sawRouter and router bit with a ball bearing follower also usedAssemble of the Rabbet JointAssemble with glueNails can be usedScrews may be used however they need to be long and thin since they are going into grainJoinery and MethodsPage 3Dado JointDado jointGroove cut across the grainVery strongUsed for book shelves and cabinetCut with the grain it is called a plowLaying out the Dado JointWidth of the joint is the thickness of the joining boardDepth is ? the thickness of the joining boardCutting the DadoCan be cut with a back saw or chiselRouters can be used with a guideDado blades used on the t-saw or radial arm sawAssembly of Dado JointsGlue alone is very strongAlways clamped under pressure until dryOther types of Dado JointRabbet and Dadoa. used for cabinet backsb. also called a plowc. used for drawer constructionBlind Dadoa. also called a stop dadob. front of the joint is hiddenc. used where appearance is importantJoinery and MethodsPage 4Lap jointLap jointEqual amounts of wood are cut from both boardsUsed for a variety of applicationsMany typesCross-lapUsually made in the exact center of two boardsMade at 90 degreesMust be same thickness and widthDepth of cut is ? the thickness of each boardCutting the lap jointCan be done with a back saw and chiselUsually done with a radial arm saw or tableDado blades can also be usedAccurate layout is importantD. Assembling the jointGlue only and a c-clampNails and screws can be used but placed on the bottom side onlyE. Other types of lap jointsEdge cross lap-on edges of boardsEnd lap-on two endsHalf lap-end on endMiddle lap-end to middleJoinery and MethodsPage 5Miter jointsMiter jointAngled joint the hides the end grain of both boardsVery weak jointCommonly strengthened with splines, dowels, or biscuitsMiter boxes and miter sawsMetal frame where a back saw can be adjusted to any angleMay have a wooden or metal tray for a bedPower miter saws can be adjusted to any angle and cut quicklyCutting a frameAll angles must equal 360 degreesIncluded angle of one joint divided in two to obtain the miter angleHold the board firmlyKeep the saw levelCut on the push strokeAssembling the miter jointMake sure all corners are tight prior to assemblyAll joints must be glued at the same timeCompression or band clamps are most often usedCorners can be nailed and filled with puttyDowel pins and biscuits can be usedf:joinery and methods notes ................
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