CHAPTER 21: POLITICS & EXPANSION IN AN …



Chapter 23: Politics in the Gilded Age

Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term. Reading Notes: New requirement: Underline or separate each ID.

|See Key Concept 5.3 /Sub Concept I / See C-E |

|See Key Concept 6.1 / Sub Concept I: A variety of perspectives on the economy and labor developed during a time of financial panics and downturns. |

|Sub Concept II: A variety of perspectives on the economy and labor developed during a time of financial panics and downturns. |

|Key Concept 6.2: The migrations that accompanied industrialization transformed both urban and rural areas of the United States and |

|caused dramatic social and cultural change. |

|Sub Concept I: International and internal migration increased urban populations and fostered the growth of a new urban culture. |

|See Key Concept 6.3 /Sub Concept II |

|A.) The major political parties appealed to lingering divisions from the Civil War and contended over tariffs and currency issues, even as reformers argued that |

|economic greed and self-interest had corrupted all levels of government. |

|C) The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson that upheld racial segregation helped to mark the end of most of the political gains African Americans made |

|during Reconstruction. Facing increased violence, discrimination, and scientific theories of race, African American reformers continued to fight for political and|

|social equality. |

1. Election of 1876, Compromise of 1877, How did it end Reconstruction

2. Civil Rights Act of 1875, Civil Rights Cases

3. Jim Crow Laws, Plessy v. Ferguson, de facto discrimination

4. Sharecropping, tenant farming, why did it develop?

5. Disenfranchisement of black voters, grandfather clauses

6. Presidency of Grant, Corruption, role during Reconstruction

7. Chinese Immigrants, Chinese Exclusion Act

8. the Half-Breeds, Stalwarts, Pendleton Act (Civil Service Reform)

9. Panic of 1893, Currency debate

10. Gilded Age Politics- Sum it up in a minimum of 4-5 sentences

Covered in Chapter 23 (But you will be tested on it later) IDs not required, but take notes while reading!

• Grange Movement, the farmers' Alliance movement, Populist party

• Great Railroad strike, Homestead Strike

Guiding Questions (Bolded will be tested later, but start thinking about them)

1. Why were the political times so prone to political corruption in the post–Civil War Era?

2. What were the main issues surrounding the election of 1876? Did the Compromise of 1877 resolve those issues?

3. What were the biggest challenges facing the post–Reconstruction South?

4. What were the short- and long-term results of the “Jim Crow” system in the South? Why was the sharecropping system so hard to overcome? Were blacks worse off or better off after the Civil War?

5. What were the main reasons for Chinese immigration in the second half of the nineteenth century?

6. How was the Chinese immigrant experience similar to that of such European groups as the Irish (Chapter 14), and how was it different? What effect did the racial distinctiveness of the Chinese have on their experience in America?

7. What were the greatest problems the Chinese-Americans experienced? How did they attempt to overcome them?

8. What were some of the reasons for the depression of 1893 and how did Cleveland deal with it?

9. Why was the political system so slow to respond to the economic grievances of farmers and workers, especially during the hard economic times of the 1890s?

Gilded Age Presidents: Outline

Election of 1876-

Compromise of 1877

Rutherford B Hayes (Republican) (1877-1881)

Railroad Strike of 1877

Republicans divided- Stalwarts & Half Breeds

Greenback Party

Munn v Illinois (1877)

Election 1880-

Elected - James Garfield (Republican) 1881 – killed

Chester A Arthur takes over (1881-1885)

Pendleton Act Passed- Civil Service Reform

Election of 1884-

Democrats win- Grover Cleveland (1885-1889)

Mugwumps

Veteran Pensions Debate

Tariff Reform

Interstate Commerce Commission

Election of 1888-

Tariff becomes issue during election

Benjamin Harris (Republican) (1889-1893)

Murchison Letter

McKinley Tariff (1890)

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890)

Election of 1892-

Elected: Grover Cleveland (Democrat) (1893-1897)

Populist James Weaver

Depression of 1893

Coxeys Army

Pullman Strike

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