CHAPTER 9: RACE AND ETHNICITY



CHAPTER 9: RACE AND ETHNICITY

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Define, differentiate between, and give examples of the following sociological concepts: ethnicity, race, minority group, and dominant group.

2. Explain what sociologists mean when say that race is a social construct and that how racial grouping is a social process.

3. Describe the factors that lead to a group ethnic identity.

4. Explain the process by which some social categories such as social class or nationality take on racial characteristics. Define racialization and racial formation and describe how they apply.

5. Discuss the dilemma of perceived skin color and race categorization or assignment.

6. Differentiate between and give the characteristics of minority groups and majority groups.

7. Explain the functions and dysfunctions of stereotypes for the society and for the individual. Describe how salience is related to stereotypes.

8. Explain the interplay between race, gender and class stereotypes and give examples of the stereotypes for each of these social categories. Give examples of stereotype exchangeability.

9. Discuss how prejudice and ethnocentrism go hand in hand and how are culturally relative. Explain how the agents of socialization create prejudice.

10. Define discrimination and racism, and explain how they differ. Describe and compare laissez-faire racism, color-blind racism, and other types of racism. Give examples of each.

11. Explain institutional racism and its importance in sustaining racism. Discuss redlining, racial profiling and explain what makes them institutional examples.

12. Identify and explain the two major psychological theories of prejudice.

13. Examine prejudice and racism from the three major sociological perspectives (functionalism, conflict, and symbolic interaction) and give example of the theories of prejudice and racism within each of these perspectives.

14. Differentiate between cultural pluralism, segregation, and assimilation.

15. Evaluate the arguments about the relative importance of race and class.

16. Discuss the historical background of the following groups of people as it relates to their becoming minority groups within the U.S.: Native American, African American, Latinos, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Asian Americans, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Middle Easterners, and Jews and other White ethnic groups. Include events and policies that have had a significant impact on the experiences of these groups.

17. Discuss the major approaches to achieving racial equality or resolving racial conflict, including assimilation and pluralism.

18. Describe social movements, and the policies and reforms they helped bring about. Include major court rulings that have had a significant impact.

19. Compare and contrast race specific and color-blind strategies for achieving racial parity.

20. Explain what affirmative action is and the changes it has undergone since its inception.

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