Sentence Diagramming - Weebly

CHAPTER?

1.0 Written and Oral English Language Conventions

Students write and speak with a command of standard English conventions appropriate to this grade level.

Reference Note

I For information on

subjects and verbs,

see Chapter 1.

Sentence Diagramming

The Sentence Diagram

A sentence diagram is a picture of how the parts of a sentence fit together. It shows how the words in the sentence are related.

Subjects and Verbs

To diagram a sentence, first find the simple subject and the verb (simple predicate), and write them on a horizontal line. Then, separate them with a vertical line.

EXAMPLES The reporter dashed to the fire.

reporter

dashed

Have you been studying?

I you

Have been studying

Notice that a diagram shows the capitalization but not the punctuation of a sentence.

472

Sentence Diagramming

Understood Subjects To diagram an imperative sentence, place the understood subject you in parentheses on the horizontal line.

EXAMPLE Listen to the beautiful music.

(you) I Listen

Reference Note

I For information on

understood subjects,

see page 19.

Exercise 1=-- Diagramming Simple Subjects and Verbs

Diagram only the simple subjects and the verbs in the following sentences.

EXAMPLE

1. Midas is a character in Greek mythology.

I Midas

is

1. Midas ruled the kingdom of Phrygia. 2. One of the gods gave Midas the power to turn anything

into gold. 3. Soon this gift became a curse. 4. Do you know why? 5. Read the story of King Midas in a mythology book.

Compound Subjects

EXAMPLES Vines and weeds grew over the old well.

Vines

weeds

1 ~~ a..

grew

Either Daphne or Teresa plans to report on Thailand.

Daphne Teresa

o I: ~ ~

.., 1 11>

1 ..,

plans

Reference Note

I For information on

compound subjects,

see page 15.

The Sentence Diagram 473

Reference Note

I For information on

compound verbs,

see page 16.

Compound Verbs

EXAMPLE We ran to the corner and barely caught the bus.

ran

I

We

l flJ

I :::::I

I Q.

caught

Compound Subjects and Compound Verbs

EXAMPLE Ken and LaDonna dived into the water and swam across the pool.

Ken

I l llJ I :::::I I Q.

La Donna

dived

I

l llJ I :::::I I Q.

swam

Exercise 2 Diagramming Compound Subjects and Compound Verbs

Diagram the subjects and the verbs in the following sentences.

EXAMPLE

1. Nikki and Chris chopped the cilantro and added it to the salsa.

Nikki

chopped

Chris

I l llJ

I :::::I

I Q.

I

I

l llJ I :::::I I Q.

I

added

1. Mr. Carrington collects aluminum cans and returns them for recycling.

2. The students and the faculty combined their efforts and defeated the proposal.

3. The plClne circled above the landing field but did not descend. 4. Pencil and paper are needed for tomorrow's math assignment. 5. Angela and her costar prepared for the scene.

474

Sentence Diagramming

Adjectives and Adverbs

Both adjectives and adverbs are written on slanted lines below the words they modify.

Adjectives

EXAMPLES bright star

star

~ ~

a special person

person

~ . v

her favorite class

Two or more adjectives joined by a connecting word are diagrammed this way:

EXAMPLE a lovely and quiet place

Reference Note

I For information on

adjectives and adverbs, see page 38 and page 61.

J HELP -

Possessive nouns and pronouns are diagrammed in the same way adjectives are.

Exercise_3 Diagramming Adjectives

Diagram the following word groups.

EXAMPLE 1. that old clock

clock

~ ~ "'

1. mighty warrior 2. long, exciting movie 3. my final offer 4. short and funny story 5. the slow but persistent turtle

The Sentence Diagram 475

Reference Note

I For information on

adverbs, see page 61.

Adverbs

EXAMPLES studies hard

studies

~ ~

does not exercise daily

does exercise

When an adverb modifies an adjective or another adverb, it is placed on a line connected to the word it modifies.

EXAMPLES extremely strong wind

tried rather hard

wind

~.s:~

~+. ;9

' ~~~:1.-

tried

Exercise 4 Diagramming Adverbs Diagram the following word groups.

EXAMPLE 1. very seldom breaks

breaks

1. answered quickly 2. listened quite intently 3. dangerously sharp curve 4. may possibly happen 5. never plans very carefully

Review A Diagramming Sentences That Contain Adjectives and Adverbs

Diagram the following sentences.

EXAMPLE 1. The blue car quickly swerved left.

476

Sentence Diagramming

I. Our turn finally came. 2. We are definitely leaving tomorrow. 3. The anxious motorist drove too fast. 4. The shutters rattled quite noisily. 5. The new car had not been damaged badly.

Objects

Direct Objects A direct object is diagrammed on the horizontal line with the subject and verb. A vertical line separates the direct object from the verb. Notice that this vertical line does not cross the horizontal line.

EXAMPLE The rain cleaned the street.

rain

~ ~

Reference Note

I For information on

objects, see page 81.

Reference Note

I For information on

direct objects, see page 81 .

Compound Direct Objects

EXAMPLE We sold lemonade and oranges.

lemonade

We

I Qj

I :J

I Q..

oranges

Reference Note

I For information on

compound direct

objects, see page 82.

Indirect Objects To diagram an indirect object, write it on a short horizontal line below the verb. Connect the indirect object to the verb by a slanted line.

EXAMPLE The artist showed me his painting.

painting ~ ................
................

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