Directional terms worksheet anatomy and physiology answers

Directional terms worksheet anatomy and physiology answers

From WikiEducator < The Anatomy and Physiology of Animals | Directional Terms Worksheet 1 Insert the missing directional terms: 1. The head is cranial to the tail 2. The spinal cord is medial to the vertebral column. 3. The thumb is distal to the elbow. 4. The humerus is proximal to the ulna. 5. The lungs are lateral to the heart. 6. The dorsal aorta is ventral to the vertebral column. 7. The lumbar vertebrae are caudal to the thoracic vertebrae. 8. The scapula is dorsal to the clavicle. 9. The bladder is caudal/ventral to the small intestine. 10. The oesophagus is dorsal/caudal to the trachea. 11. The tibia is cranial to the fibula 12. The patella is cranial to the knee joint. 13. The pelvic girdle is lateral to the vagina. 14. The intestines are caudal to the liver. 15. The nasal cavity is rostral to the mouth 16. The heart is medial to the elbow. 17. The heart is cranial to the stomach 18. The atlas vertebra is cranial to the axis vertebra 19. The fibula is distal to the femur 20. The radius is proximal to the phalanges For those of you who have taken an A&P course (or are taking one right now), you know that before you get to learning about the body you need to learn how to talk about the body. Most A&P courses begin with positions and directionals. I'm going to give you the rundown. If you want to learn about planes and cavities, check out part two. You can also download all this content (and more!) in our free Planes & Positions eBook. Position Is Everything: Anatomical Position How many of you have used our apps or at least seen the models and thought, "Boy, that body looks awfully stiff in that one position all the time"? Which, okay, is true. But there's a reason our 3D body models (I affectionately call them Brenda and Paul) look stiff as a board--it's the position in which we study the body. Anatomical position is the description of any region or part of the body in a specific stance. In the anatomical position, the body is upright, directly facing the observer, feet flat and directed forward. The upper limbs are at the body's sides with the palms facing forward. Like so: Image captured in AR using Human Anatomy Atlas. You've probably seen all sorts of pictures of the body in your A&P textbooks that look like this. In my college A&P text, right there in the first few pages, every body system was shown in anatomical position. This stance should be very familiar to you. If not, it will be by the time you're through your first two weeks of A&P. If the anatomical position is placed face-down, it is in the prone position. Image captured in AR using Human Anatomy Atlas. If the anatomical position is placed face-up, it is in the supine position. Image captured in AR using Human Anatomy Atlas. Up, Down, Side-to-Side: Directional Terms Imagine that when you're studying a (correctly anatomically positioned) body you're looking at a map. Like you use the cardinal directions to explain the location of certain regions (north, northwest, southeast, etc.), you use directional terms to describe the regions of the body. Here are some commonly used directional terms: Anterior At or near the front of the body (front view) Posterior At or near the back of the body (back view) Midline An imaginary vertical line that divides the body equally (right down the middle) Lateral Farther from midline (side view) Medial Nearer to midline (side view) Superior Toward the head/upper part of a structure (bird's-eye view, looking down) Inferior Away from the head/lower part of a structure (bottom view, looking up) Superficial Close to the surface of the body Deep Away from the surface of the body Proximal Nearer to the origination of a structure Distal Farther from the origination of a structure In many instances, these terms can be paired. For example, a posterosuperior view combines the posterior and superior, giving us a view in which we are looking down at the back of the body, like so: Image captured in AR using Human Anatomy Atlas. With me so far? No? Okay, let's do a practice one. Don't be afraid to refer to the chart before you answer. Image captured in AR using Human Anatomy Atlas. In the picture, This is a_____view? A. anteriorB. anterosuperiorC. anteroinferiorD. inferior If you answered B) anterosuperior, you're right! Remember, the anterior is the front view and the superior is the top view--combine the two and you've got yourself a bird's-eye view of the front of the body. And there you have it: a crash course in anatomical position and directional terms. Check out the video below for a quick review of this terminology: Curious about planes and cavities? Check out part two of this post! This post was originally published in 2013. It has since been updated with new AR images from Human Anatomy Atlas 2019. Download our Planes & Positions lab activity for Human Anatomy Atlas here. Be sure to subscribe to the Visible Body Blog for more anatomy awesomeness! Are you an instructor? We have award-winning 3D products and resources for your anatomy and physiology course! Learn more here. Related Posts: In order to continue enjoying our site, we ask that you confirm your identity as a human. Thank you very much for your cooperation. This directional terms quiz will test your knowledge on the directional terms in human anatomy, as well as the anatomical position. It's important to know these directional terms, as they will provide you with a standard reference for anatomical structures. Remember, anatomy builds on itself, so if you learn these terms early, it will help you in your studies of human anatomy. This quiz will cover directional terms such as superior and inferior, lateral and medial (and intermediate), proximal and distal, anterior and posterior, and superficial and deep. Don't forget to watch the anatomical position and directional terms lecture on YouTube, as well as our article on the directional terms for anatomy. (NOTE: When you hit submit, it will refresh this same page. Scroll down to see your results.) Directional Terms Quiz for Anatomy and Physiology 1. Which statement is false regarding the anatomical position? a. The palms face the front. b. The thumbs point away from the body. c. The head is turned to the left side. d. The posture is standing erect. Answer c is the false statement. The head is looking forward in the anatomical position, not to the side. 2. The nose is superior to the navel. a. True b. False The correct answer is a, true. The nose is superior (above) to the navel. 3. What's another name for anterior: a. Dorsal b. Ventral c. Cranial d. Caudal The answer is b, ventral. Dorsal is another word for posterior. 4. The word anterior means: a. At or toward the front of the body b. Away from the insertion point of a structure. c. At the back or rear of the body. d. Toward the middle of the body. The answer is a, toward the front of the body. Remember: Abs (abdominal muscles) are on the anterior side of the body. 5. The wrist is distal to the elbow. a. True b. False The answer is a, true. Distal means farther away from the point of insertion to a body's structure. Remember: when you hold a pistol, it's distal to the upper arm. 6. What's another word for "superior?" a. Internal b. Caudal c. External d. Cranial The answer is d, cranial. Remember, the "head" of a company will be the superior authority to his or her employees. Caudal is another word for inferior. 7. The skin is _________ to the skeletal bones. a. Superior b. Proximal c. Superficial d. Inferior The answer is c, superficial. Remember, superficial means on or toward the body's surface. Deep means away from the body's surface. Although proximal means "near," that term is referring to an attachment point or origin of a structure such as the limbs. 8. The heart is _______ to the shoulder. a. Medial b. Lateral c. Distal d. Proximal The answer is a, medial. Medial means toward the midline (or middle) of the body. The heart is closer to the midline of the body in comparison to the shoulder. 9. The elbow is _________between the wrist and shoulder. a. Medial b. Intermediate c. Distal d. Lateral The answer is b, intermediate. Intermediate means that something is between two structures. 10. What is the term for the backside in the anatomical position: a. Anterior b. Ventral c. Caudal d. Posterior The answer is d, posterior. Posterior is another word for a person's backside. The prefix "post" means behind. The anterior is the front (or towards the front) of a person's body. 11. The radius (forearm bone) is ________ to the humerus (upper arm bone). a. Intermediate b. Proximal c. Distal d. Anterior The answer is c, distal. The forearm is further away from the point of insertion (shoulder) than the upper arm bone (humerus). Don't forget to tell your friends about this quiz by sharing it your Facebook, Twitter, and other social media. You can also take more fun nursing quizzes. *Disclaimer: While we do our best to provide students with accurate and in-depth study quizzes, this quiz/test is for educational and entertainment purposes only. This quiz is copyright . Please do not copy this quiz directly; however, please feel free to share a link to this page with students, friends, and others.

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