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Name:_________________________________Date:______________Mrs. BellisariGlobal History 10 Pre-IB511429041910000-2000256985000Unit Three: The Industrial Revolution (1700-1914)Unit Essential Question: What are the consequences of human innovation?Common Core Themes: Theme 1: Individual Development and Cultural Identify (ID)Theme 2: Development, Movement, and Interaction of Cultures (MOV) Theme 3: Time, Continuity, and Change (TCC)Theme 4: Geography, Humans, and the Environment (GEO) Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures (SOC) Theme 6: Power, Authority, and Governance (GOV) Theme 7: Civic Ideals and Practices (CIV)Theme 8: Creation, Expansion and Interaction of Economic Systems (ECO) Enduring Issues and Nesting Issues: Power – unfair distribution of power, shifts in power and authority, power struggles, relationship of ruler to ruled, social class tensions, ability of the people to have a voice in government Equity/Inequity - lack of access to status, lack of access to power, lack of fairness, inequitable treatment, rights not protectedScarcity- lack of food, lack of human or natural resources, lack of capital Population Growth – strain on resources, increase in production of waste and need to address waste disposal, sanitation, need for social services, impact of negative population growth Human Impact on the Environment – pollution, impact of extraction of resources, consequences of building transportation systems, consequences of changing agricultural practices Impact of Trade – integration of new technology and new goods, impact of changes in productionImpact of Industrialization – low wages, poor working conditions, unsafe working conditions, use of child labor, unequal wages for similar work, need for reform, unionization, increase in standard of living, impact on status of women, rise of socialism, sociopolitical reactions New York State Common Core Framework:10.3 CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: Innovations in agriculture, production, and transportation led to the Industrial Revolution, which originated in Western Europe and spread over time to Japan and other regions. This led to major population shifts and transformed economic and social systems.10.3a Agricultural innovations and technologies enabled people to alter their environment, allowing them to increase and support farming on a large scale 10.3b Factors including new economic theories and practices, new sources of energy, and technological innovations influenced the development of new communication and transportation systems and new methods of production. These developments had numerous effects. 10.3c Shifts in population from rural to urban areas led to social changes in class structure, family structure, and the daily lives of people10.3d Social and political reform, as well as new ideologies, developed in response to industrial growth. Industrial Revolution Vocabulary Bourgeoisies: The social class that, according to Karl Marx, owns the means of producing wealth and is regarded as exploiting the working class. Canals: Man-made channels of water.Capitalism: An economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order to make a profit. Chartist Movement: Attempt by artisans and workers in Britain to gain the vote during the 1840s; demands for reform beyond the Reform Bill of 1832 were incorporated into a series of petitions; movement failed. Communism: An economic system in which all means of productions- land, mines, factories, railroads, and businesses- are owned by the people, private property does not exists, and all goods and services are shared equally. Corporation: A business owned by stockholders who share in its profits but are not personally responsible for its debts. Crop rotation: The system of growing a different crop in a field each year to preserve the fertility of the land. Darwin, Charles: Biologist who developed theory of evolution of species (1859); argued that all living species evolved into their present form through the ability to adapt in a struggle for survival. Enclosures: One of the fenced-in or hedged-in fields created during the Enclosure Movement by wealthy British landowners on land that was formerly worked by village farmers. Entrepreneur: A person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business. Factories: large buildings in which machinery is used to manufacture goods. Factors of Production: the resources- including land, labor, and capital- that are needed to produce goods and services.Feminist movements: Sought various legal and economic gains for women, including equal access to professions and higher education; came to concentrate on right to vote; won support particularly from middle-class women; active in western Europe at the end of the 19th century.Industrial Revolution: Beginning in England during the 18th century, the shift from making goods by hand to making them by machine.Industrialization: The development of industries for the machine production of goods. Laissez faire: The idea that government should not interfere with or regulate industries and businesses. Marx, Karl: Wrote The Communist Manifesto along with Friedrich Engels. German socialist who blasted earlier socialist movements as utopian; saw history as defined by class struggle between groups out of power and those controlling the means of production; preached necessity of social revolution to create proletarian dictatorship. Middle Class: A social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, businesspeople, and wealthy farmers. Pasteur, Louis: French scientist who discovered relationship between germs and disease in 19th century, leading to better sanitation. Revisionism: Socialist movements that at least tacitly disavowed Marxist revolutionary doctrine; believed social success could be achieved gradually through political institutions.Romanticism: A literary, artistic, and intellectual movement in 19th century Europe; held that emotion and impression, not reason, were the keys to the mysteries of human experience and nature; sought to portray passions. Smith, Adam: The “Father of Capitalism.” Smith wrote the Wealth of Nations. He argued that if individuals freely followed their own self-interest, the world would be an orderly and progressive place. Socialism: Political movement with origins in western Europe during the 19th century; urged an attack on private property in the name of equality; wanted state control of means of production, end to capitalist exploitation of the working man. Stock: A share in a company. Strike: To refuse to work in order to force an employer to meet certain demands. Unions: An association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages. Urbanization: The growth of cities and the migrations of people into them. Utilitarianism: The theory, proposed by Jeremy Bentham in the late 1700s, that government actions are useful only if they promote the greatest good for the greatest number of people. ................
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