Management of PET Plastic Bottles Waste Through Recycling In ... - IAEA
Sudan Academy o f Science
E n g in e e rin g R esearch A n d In d u strial T ech n o lo g y C o u n cil
Management of PET Plastic Bottles
Waste Through Recycling In
Khartoum State
t
A Thesis subm itted in partial fulfillm ent o f the requirem ent for
the degree o f M aster o f Science in Cleaner Production
By:
N abeel Bedawi Ismail Fadlalla
B.Sc(hon),chem .. Eng-U o f K. 1975
Supervisor :
Dr.Kam al Eldin Eltayb Yassin
O ctober 2010
A cknow ledgem ent
I would like to express my gratitude to my friend and supervisor Dr. Kamal
Eldin Eltayeb Yassin, who encouraged me to undertake this study.
This study could not have been successful without the valuable input o f the
various stakeholders. I would like to thank them all for sparing their valuable time to
participate in the m eetings and interviews.
I would like to appreciate the efforts o f my friends Awad Eltom and
M ohamed Yahia in providing me with the need contacts and access to Sudan Bank
and Customs Authorities.
A special thanks to my family my parents and wife for their encouragement
and thanks also extended to my sons M ohamed and Ahmed for their assistance.
Abstract
Abstract
This study has been carried out to assess the general waste m anagement in
Khartoum State and effectively manage the PET plastic bottles by identifying
practical m eans and introducing recycling as cleaner production tool to achieve
sustainable developm ent goals.
The inform ation/ data were gathered during the period June - July 2010
through questionnaires, interviews, meetings and visits to various sites, in addition to
the official information and documents collected from reliable sources, mainly Sudan
Central Bank, Custom s Authorities, Ministry o f Industry, soft drink and water bottling
factories.
The data were presented in tables, graphs and charts by applying W indows
Excel Program and also applying Eview Package for the future forecast. Analysis o f
data shows a rising consumption in PET bottles and the forecasted PET consumption
in year 2015 estim ated to be 60000Tons, twice the estimate in the year 2010. This
situation will create serious environmental problems that require much more effort to
be exerted by all stakeholders to look for scientific and practical solutions for the
disposal o f plastic waste through recycling.
Based on the analysis and findings recom mendations have been made that
ensure on recycling o f PET plastic bottles by mechanical method that depends mainly
on collection, segregation, cleaning and processing. Further studies and researches on
other recycling methods have been recommended in the future.
II
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???????? ???? ???? ? ?????? ???????? ???? ? ??? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ? ?????? ? ?? ????? ????? ? ?? ??PET??
??? ? ?? ???????? ? ? ? ? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????
?? Excel???? ?? ? ??? ? ? ? Eview??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ? ??? ??????? ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ????? ? ? ? ? ????
????
?? ? ? ? ?? ? ' ?P E T J??
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??. 2010??
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?'???? ???? ??????
?? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ??
?? ???? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ' ? PET?J???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ? ????? ? ? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ?????
??? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??
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Table of Content
Table of Contents
Acknowledgm ent
I
Abstract
II
Arabic Abstract
III
Content
IV
List o f Tables
VII
List o f Figures
VIII
IX
ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRO DUCTIO N
1.1 General
1
1.2 Objectives
3
CH APTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Background
4
2.2 Com m on Therm oplastics
6
2.2.1 Polyethylenes
9
2.2.2 Polypropylene
13
2.2.3 Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
16
2.2.4 Polystyrene
18
21
2.3 Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate)
2.3.1 General
21
2.3.2 Uses
23
2.3.3 Intrinsic Viscosity
24
2.3.4 Drying
25
2.3.5 Copolym ers
26
2.3.6 Crystals
27
2.3.7 Degradation
28
2.3.8 Antimony
29
2.3.9 Bottle Processing Equipment
29
2.4 Therm oplastic Products M anufacture
30
30
2.4.1 General
IV
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