Chapter 20; The 1920’s



Name: _________________________________

Below is the plan for the unit on the 1920s/1930s. Lessons/assignments are subject to change, but this should give every student an idea on what to expect in the coming days!

|Unit: 1920s/1930s |

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Unit Questions: Each answer should be approximately ¼ of a page and should show support.

1. How did the Smoot Hawley Tariff, and consumer habits of the 1920s lead to the Great Depression?

2. How did Herbert Hoover’s approach in dealing with the Great Depression differ from Franklin Roosevelt’s?

3. What impact did the 18th Amendment have on American society?

4. How did the New Deal try to help Americans during the Great Depression?

The 1920’s (The Roaring Twenties)

I. Rise of isolationism (stay out of world affairs) and nativism (hatred of immigrants)

A. Americans return from WW1 disillusioned and frustrated with the outside world

B. Americans wanted to be left alone; isolationism

1. Isolationism leads to __________________

2. Nativism leads to _______________

3. Second rise of the _______________; the ____________________(fear of communists)

II. The Red Scare

A. _______________take over Russia

1 People feared communists would take over the world

B. Problems caused by the Red Scare

1. _______________Raids (arrests of people thought to be communist)

2. ______________________________Case – Italian immigrants; tried for murder; put to death (were not really guilty)

III. The rise of _______________media

A. New forms of entertainment and communication

1. Radio, 2. Movies, 3. Newspapers , 4. Magazines

B. Creation of American culture

1. American heroes

a. Charles Lindbergh - __________________________

b. Amelia Earhart -__________________________________

c. George Herman “Babe” Ruth –_______________________

d. Jack Dempsey____________________________________

2. Popularity of _______________

IV. The _______________Age

A. Night clubs and dance halls

1. Duke Ellington - __________________________________________

2. Louis Armstrong - __________________________________________

3. Flappers -__________________________________________________

B. The Harlem Renaissance -___________________________________________

C. The Lost Generation -_______________________________________________

V. The ______________________________

A. Technological advances spur on the economy

1. Affordable automobiles, new roads

a. Henry Ford-_________________________________________________________

b. assembly line-________________________________________________________

c. Model T-____________________________________________________________

2. Vacuum cleaners, movie industry, radios

B. Almost everyone is investing in the ______________________________and making money

VI. ______________________________

1 People feared the changing society

C. People feared that society’s morals were declining

D. People try to preserve their traditional way of life

1. The Scopes Trial - _______________________________________

2. Xenophobia (KKK) -_____________________________________

3. Prohibition - _________________________________________

VII. The era of _______________

A. _______________was poisoning society

B. Prohibition originates in the _______________movement

1. Women led the temperance movement

2. Women were considered to be societies moral watchdog

3. Prohibition empowered women and led to the passing of the _______________ Amendment

VIII. Passing of the ________ Amendment (Prohibition)

A. Passed on Jan. 16, 1920

B. Not very well accepted

C. Proved difficult to enforce

1. Bootlegging -_____________________________________________

2. Speakeasies - _____________________________________________

D. Rise of organized crime

1. Al Capone -______________________________________________

2. St. Valentine’s Day Massacre -______________________________

1920s Terms – Write how each term relates to the 1920s:

Bootleggers –

Speakeasies –

Isolationism –

Nativism –

KKK –

Red Scare –

Xenophobia –

18th Amendment / Prohibition–

19th Amendment –

Sacco & Vanzetti –

Technological Advances of 1920s –

Stock Market –

Flappers –

Fundamentalism –

Scopes Trial /Monkey Trial –

Al Capone –

1920s Advertising –

National Culture –

Heroes of the 1920s –

Overspeculation of Stock Market -

Black Tuesday –

Radio –

Immigration Quota Act of 1924 –

How did that Act later hurt European Jewish people?

Jazz -

The 1930’s; The Great Depression

Origins of the Great Depression

I. The 1920’s were a time of ____________

A. President ____________ promised that good times would continue; almost everyone was making money

B. Decline of ____________ (were not necessary)

II. People were getting rich by investing in the ____________market

A. ____________government regulation; Optimistic atmosphere

B. Buying on ____________ (purchase stock on loan, pay back with profits)

III. Emerging problems

A. Buying on ____________ (buy now, pay later)

B. “Get ________________________” attitudes

C. Too many goods, too little demand

D. Wealth concentrated in too few hands

E. The stock market crash - ____________, 1929, Black Thursday & Oct. 29, 1929, Black Tuesday

IV. Problems caused by the crash

A. Widespread panic; suicides; bank closings (____________________________________System)

V. The depression worsens

A. Hoover’s “________________________” approach (Hoover refused to help the American people)

B. ________________________Tariff (Put a high tariff on foreign goods in 1920s; foreign countries responded with high tariffs on us in 1930s, stopping international trade)

C. The ____________Bowl

VI. Massive ____________

A. House forecloses

B. Creation of ____________

1. Hoover blankets (cardboard houses); Hoover flags (handkerchiefs)

VII. Mass migration

A. Riding the rails (sneaking onto trains illegally)

B. Hitchhiking; following job rumors (people would move to wherever they’d hear work was)

VIII. Starvation

A. ____________kitchens

B. ____________sales (many had too much pride to beg for food; they sold apples just to earn enough to be able to eat)

The 1930’s; The Great Depression - The New Deal Era

I. The election of ______________

A. Hoover vs. _____________________________________ (FDR)

B. Hoover is ________________ by the public

C. FDR promises Americans a “___________________”

1. “Happy days are here again”

2. “_______________________________________”

3. ________________________

D. FDR dominates the election (472-59 electoral votes)

II. The New Deal

A. Changes the role of _________________; more helpful to the public

B. 3 R’s:___________________________________________

C. The first _______________ days

1. _______ holiday – shuts down banks 4 days to determine if they are sound

2. _______ Amendment - Repeals 18th Amendment (Prohibition)

3. NRA; ___________________________–set minimum wage & max hours

D. New Deal criticism

1. Too much ________________________________

E. _______________ Packing scheme

III. “_________________________” programs

A. Programs that help alleviate the effects of the _____________________

B. Aimed at relief, recovery, and reform

1. WPA; _____________________________ Administration

2. AAA; _____________________________ Administration

3. FDIC; ________________________ Insurance Corporation

4. CCC; ____________________________ Corps

5. TVA; ___________________________Authority

6. _________________________ Act

Great Depression Terms

Nativism

Black Thursday/Black Tuesday

Great Depression

Great Crash

Hooverville

Dust Bowl

18th Amendment

19th Amendment

21st Amendment

Fireside Chats

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

Bonus Army

New Deal

Hundred Days

Bank Holiday

Alphabet Soup Programs

CCC

TVA

WPA

Social Security

FDIC

Unit Review – 1920s and 1930s

Name: ______________________ Great Depression and New Deal Test Review

1. What caused the rise of organized crime in the 1920s?

2. Who felt freer to experiment with bolder styles and manners in the 1920s?

3. Why did some states ban the teaching of evolution in schools?

4. What did the growth of the radio and other mass media in the 1920s produce?

5. During the 1920’s who were the main targets of the Ku Klux Klan?

6. What is a consumer economy?

7. Uneven prosperity, personal debt, over production, and excessive stock market speculation were all signs of what?

8. Why did most Americans prefer for the country to be in a state of isolationism in the 1920s?

9. What impact did Henry Ford have on the automobile industry?

10. How did most Americans pay for things in the 20’s?

11. Were stocks generally rising or falling during the 20’s?

12. Why were Americans buying on margin?

13. What did people fear during the Red Scare?

14. What impact did nativism have on the Sacco & Vanzetti case?

15. List three cultural heroes of the 1920s:

16. The time period of African American prosperity in arts and literature in a New York neighborhood was known as:

17. People who illegally smuggled alcohol during Prohibition were known as:

18. Illegal bars during Prohibition were known as:

19. Which group of people led the Prohibition movement?

20. Over-speculation on stocks contributed to what?

21. Areas in which many homeless people lived were referred to as:

22. Who defeated Herbert Hoover in the 1932 presidential election?

23. World War I debts contributed to the Great Depression True or False?

24. High farm prices contributed to the Great Depression True or False?

25. What effect did the Great Depression have on the American people?

26. What was the name of the environmental crisis of the 1930s?

27. What did the Smoot-Hawley tariff do to international trade?

28. What were the causes of the Depression?

29. What were the effects of the Depression?

30. What is considered the turning point of the government’s role in American society?

31. What did FDR intend to do for Americans in his inaugural address?

32. Did the New Deal spending lead to short term or long term economic improvement?

33. Were labor unions legal or illegal under the New Deal?

34. Which was one of the main issues addressed by the New Deal, trade deficits or unemployment rate?

35. What New Deal programs still exist today?

36. What program reformed the banking system?

37. How did the New Deal change the role of the government in the economy?

38. Which Amendment repealed the 18th Amendment?

39. What was the name of the talks that FDR gave to the American people?

40. FDR shut the banks down for four days in this event:

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Life for Americans…

Hawley Smoot Tariff…

New Deal

3 R’s

Alphabet Soup

AAA

FDIC

Hundred Days

Court Packing Scheme

Social Security

WPA

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