Ths wi eek your chd iil s learning to add fractoi ns wtih ...

Add Fractions

Dear Family,

This week your child is learning to add fractions with unlike denominators.

Here is how a model can show fraction addition, such as 1?35? + ?13? .

1

1

3 5

1

1 3

12

The denominators, 5 and 3, tell how many equal parts are in the whole. 5 and 3 are unlike denominators.

The parts of the whole are different sizes, thirds and fifths. You cannot add different-size parts. You need to divide the model to show equal-size parts, fifteenths.

1

3 5

5

1

9 15

1

1 3

5

5 15

The denominator, 15, tells that there are 15 equal parts in the whole. So, 15 and 15 are like denominators.

Then add. 1?35? 1 ?13? 5 1?19?5 1 ?15?55 1?11?45

Some other ways your child can think about adding fractions are to use a number line model or to use multiplication to replace the given fractions with equivalent fractions that have the same denominator.

Invite your child to share what he or she knows about adding fractions by doing the following activity together.

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225 Lesson 12 Add Fractions

ACTIVITY ADDING fractions

Do this activity with your child to add fractions.

Work together with your child to solve real-world problems about adding fractions.

?

Suppose you want to make cheese and ?34? cup raisins.

some

healthy

snacks

and

you

have

?78?

cup

of

cream

? Look at the two recipes below. Add fractions to decide if there is enough cream cheese and raisins to make both recipes.

Recipe for Creamed Crackers

Ingredients: 12 crackers (any variety)

?21? cup cream cheese ?41? cup raisins

Directions: Spread cream cheese evenly on crackers.

Sprinkle with raisins.

Recipe for Celery Logs

Ingredients: 6 two-inch pieces of celery

?31? cup cream cheese ?81? cup raisins

Directions: Spread cream cheese evenly on celery.

Sprinkle with raisins.

Answer: There is enough cream cheese and enough raisins to make both recipes.

226 Lesson 12 Add Fractions

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Subtract Fractions

Dear Family,

13

This week your child is learning to subtract fractions with unlike denominators.

Your child might see a problem like this:

Hailey needs 2?14? cups of almond milk for a recipe. She has ?12? cup. How much more almond milk does Hailey need?

One way to model subtracting ?12? from 2?14? is with a number line. Start at the point 2?14? .

Each whole on the

0

1

2

2

1 4

3

number line is divided

into 4 equal parts.

To subtract ?12?, you need to find a common denominator with the fraction in 2?14? . The number 4 is a multiple of 2 and 4, so 4 is a common denominator.

Because ?12? is equivalent to ?24?, you can start at 2?14? and jump back (left) ?24? .

Each jump back is ?41? .

0

1

1

3 4

2

2

1 4

3

The number line shows that 2?14? 2 ?12? = 1?34? . Hailey needs 1?34? cups of almond milk.

Some other ways your child can think about subtracting fractions include using fraction bars or using multiplication to replace the given fractions with equivalent fractions that have the same denominator.

Invite your child to share what he or she knows about subtracting fractions by doing the following activity together.

?Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted.

247 Lesson 13 Subtract Fractions

ACTIVITY SUBTRACTING FRACTIONS

Do this activity with your child to subtract fractions.

Materials ruler, yardstick, or measuring tape, and a variety of household objects

Work with your child to compare the lengths or heights of various objects around your home.

? Find two objects and measure their lengths. Measure the length of one

object to the nearest nearest ?18? or ?11?6 inch.

?12?

inch

and

the

length

of

the

second

object

to

the

Examples: lengths of fork and spoon, lengths of hand and foot

? Determine how much longer one object is than the other.

? Continue to practice adding fractions by finding the combined length of two or more objects and then comparing the combined length to another length.

? Find the combined length of your hand and foot. Next, find the combined length of a family member's hand and foot. Then find the difference between the two combined lengths.

Look for other real-world examples of subtracting fractions with your child.

248 Lesson 13 Subtract Fractions

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Add and Subtract in Word Problems

Dear Family,

This week your child is learning to add and subtract fractions and decimals in word problems.

Your child is also learning to estimate the answer in order to check whether an answer is reasonable or not. He or she might see a problem like this:

Paul used ?58? cup of milk to make muffins and ?13? cup of milk to make nut bread. How much milk did Paul use to make muffins and nut bread?

To solve the problem, add the fractions ?58? and ?13? .

It can be helpful to show the fractions on number lines.

14

0

1

To estimate the sum, you can use a benchmark fraction for each fraction in the problem. Here, ?12? is a good benchmark fraction to use. ?58? is close to ?12? and ?13? is close to ?12? . Since ?12? + ?12? 5 1, an estimate of ?58? 1 ?13? is about 1. Now add the fractions ?58? 1 ?13? . The fractions need to have equal-size parts, so write equivalent fractions with like denominators. Then add.

?58?5 ?21?45?13?5 ?28?4 ?12?54 1 ?28?4 5 ?22?34 Is a sum of ?22?34 a reasonable answer? Check the sum against the estimate you made. The estimate is about 1, and ?22?34 is about 1, so the sum is reasonable.

Invite your child to share what he or she knows about adding and subtracting fractions in word problems by doing the following activity together.

?Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted.

269 Lesson 14 Add and Subtract in Word Problems

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