Ms. Jones' Fifth Grade



Word Parts – Part 1An English word can have several parts. The main part is the root. The root holds the word’s basic meaning. It can also have parts called, affixes, added to the front and the back of the word. The two kinds of affixes are prefixes and suffixes. A prefix goes at the beginning of a root. It changes the word’s meaning. A suffix can be added to the end. It changes both the meaning and the usage. Of, course, not every word has affixes. But some of our most common words come from Greek and Latin roots and affixes.You may be able to guess the meaning of a new word if you know its root. For example, time is a root.By adding affixes, the word time can be the base for words like the following.timer – a machine that measures how long something takestimely – at a good timeuntimed – not timedtimeless – classic, eternal, not affected by timetimeline – an order of eventsPrefixThe prefix is at the beginning of a word. Prefixes are always attached to a root. Here are a few common prefixes and their meanings.bitwo or twice Examples: biannual (every two years), bilingual (someone who speaks two languages) and bicycle (a bike with two wheels). trithree Examples: tricycle (bike with three wheels), and triplets (three babies).un, in, im, and ilnot Examples: When you’re not able, you’re unable. Something not possible is impossible. Something not legal is illegal. Something not formal is informal.disto take away, the opposite of Examples: When you take away respect, its disrespect. When you leave school for home, you are dismissed.miswrong or badly Examples: misbehave, misinform, mistake.presomething that comes before Examples: prefix, prepare, previewreto do again Examples: review, reread, replaySuffixThe suffix is at the end of a word. Suffixes are always attached to a root word. Here are a few common suffixes and their meanings.ersomeone who does something or whose job it is Examples: A person who runs is a runner. Someone who bakes is a baker. Someone who gardens is a gardener.ablecapable of being Examples: a person who is easy to get along with is agreeable or likeable. Someone we care about is adorable or lovable.ousfull of or having Examples: A house that has a lot of room is spacious. Someone who is full of kindness is gracious.nessstate of or quality Examples: restlessness, kindness.lesswithout Examples: Someone without fear is fearless.fulfull of Examples: cheerful, plentiful, frightful, helpful, careful.lylike, in the manner of Examples: quietly, easily, hopelessly.mentan act or instance of doing something or a state of being Examples: entertainment, amazement, contentment.RootThe main part of a word is the root. Here are a few root words and their meanings.annu and anniyear Examples: annual, anniversarydecaten Examples: decadephonsound Examples: telephonepathfeeling Examples: pathetic, sympathize.aquawater Examples: aquariummultimany Examples: multiplybiolife Examples: biologydictto say or speak Examples: dictator, verdictSYLLABLESSyllables are chunks of sound. Each syllable has one vowel sound. When you add a prefix or a suffix to a root, you add a syllable. You can see syllables when you speak. Look in a mirror as you say the words. See how many times your mouth opens? Each time you open your mouth, you are a saying a syllable.All words have at least one syllable. Some have many. If you read one syllable at a time, you can read long words easier. Here are some examples:One syllable: dog, rate, dancedTwo syllables: hammer, swimming, repeatThree syllables: delightful, underground, evergreenWhen you encounter an unfamiliar word, try breaking it into syllables to see if you can find a word you recognize.Example: deafeningYou may not recognize this word, but when you break it into syllables, you get deaf-en-ing. You probably recognize word deaf, so you can figure it that this word has something to do with not being able to hear.SOUNDS AND BLENDSSome letters work together to make new sounds. Vowels (a, e, I, o, and u) combine in some words. Consonants (all other letters) also work together in blends. SOUNDSSometimes the way you read a word can help you know what it means. You just read how vowels can combine with other letters to make new sounds. Say the word clown out loud. Now say the word out. Did you hear the same sound in both words? That sound is spelled ow in clown and ou in out.Here are some other groups of letters that sound the same but have different spellings:thawsoilboatauthorboycrowCONSONANT BLENDSSome words have a consonant blend. A blend has two or more consonants that work together. They make the same sound each time. Knowing them can make it easier to read new words that have these blends.Here are some common blends. Read them aloud so you can hear how they sound.blglspcrgrstdrsmthBlendWordsBlendWordsblblandtablesmsmileprismcrcrewacrespspinegaspdrdrinkaddressststeplastglglassangleththingbothgrgrowangry ................
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