Glorious Greeks: Introduction to Mythology



Glorious Greeks: Introduction to Mythology notes

Ancient __________________ believed that __________ and ______________ controlled their everyday lives.

• Myths: ______________ stories involving __________________ and _________________ representative of an essential ___________________ condition.

• Mythology: collection of _____________ and __________________ pertaining to the ___________________ and __________________ of a group of people.

What are the three purposes of myths?

1. attempt to explain ___________________ _______________________

2. attempt to represent __________________ _______________________

3. attempt to describe ___________________ _______________________

• Myths have many __________________. Gods are ______________________ beings that have human ______________________ and often appear in _____________________.

• In mythology, ________________ is rewarded and evil is ____________________.

• Myths contain ____________________ and ____________________.

What do all myths have in common?

They represent _________________ and the ________________ condition. Also, the same characters can be found across numerous ____________________. We call these common character types _____________________.

Archetype: original model from which similar characters are patterened.

|Archetype |Description |Mythological Example |Modern Example |

|Transgressor |Attempts something that has never been done; pushes the |Prometheus (took fire from Zeus); |Frankenstein |

| |limits of human knowledge. |Sisyphus (tried to outwit the gods and |Ghostbusters |

| | |overcome death) | |

| |Tries to get ahead in life by means of trickery and |Hermes | |

| |cunning; survives by wits and skills rather than by | | |

| |strength. | | |

|Hero |Has a mission that must be completed in the face of |Hercules | |

| |overcoming odds. |Odysseus | |

| |Compels people through beauty, love, and temptation, |Aphrodite | |

| |often with devastating effects | | |

|Destroyer |Destroys things for the sake of destroying (no purpose) |Hades |Tazmanian Devil |

How THE GODS CAME TO BE POWERFUL

• In the beginning, there was _________________. Then came _________________ (Mother Earth).

• What did Cronus do to his children?

• How was Rhea able to save her last born child, Zeus, from being eaten by his father?

• How were Zeus and his siblings able to become rulers of the world?

The __________________ were the 12 most important gods and goddesses who lived high above the clouds on majestic Mount ________________.

Olympian Family Tree

The Original Six Olympians-Offspring of Cronus & Rhea

|Greek Name |Symbols |God/Goddess of… |

|Zeus |Thunderbolt | |

| |Eagle | |

| |Oaktree | |

|Hades | | |

| | | |

|Hera | |Marriage |

| | | |

|Poseidon |Trident | |

| |Bull; Horse | |

|Hestia | |Home |

| | | |

|Demeter |Shock of wheat | |

| |Corn | |

| |Torch | |

Second Generation Olympians-Offspring of Zeus

|Greek Name |Symbol |God/Goddess of… |Mother |

|Ares |Bloodstained spear | |Hera |

|Aphrodite | |Love, Beauty & Fertility | |

|Apollo | |Prophesy, Music & Healing | |

|Athena |Owl | |Metis |

|Hephaestus | | |Hera |

| | | |Not Zeus’s son |

|Artemis |Bow & Arrow | |Leto |

|Hermes | |Messenger |A mountain nymph |

|Dionysus | |Wine & Fertility |Mortal-Semele |

The Fates

The fates were three (3) ___________________, robed in _______________, who decided on ___________________ _________________.

They are:

1.

2.

3.

Why is Atropos the most feared fate?

The Muses

There are _____ muses. Their most important function in Greek Mythology is ______________________________________ and __________________________________________.

THE DEMISE OF THE GODS

What happened that caused the end of the gods?

Who told Zeus that his reign had ended and that the gods must leave Mt. Olympus?

How did Zeus react to the news of being overthrown?

-----------------------

Cronus

Hades

Hestia

Zeus

Hephaestus

Apollo

Dionysus

Aphrodite

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