Guided Reading Activity Answer Key

Guided Reading Activity Answer Key

Federalism

Lesson 3 State Powers and Interstate Relations

I. State Powers A. States cannot make laws about anything that is prohibited by the Constitution or by national law. B. States regulate businesses within their borders to protect consumers. States enforce laws to address unfair or illegal business practices and regulate safety and sanitary conditions for workers. C. States protect life and property through the criminal code, the group of state laws prohibiting crimes such as murder, burglary, and the sale and use of dangerous weapons and drugs. Each state sets its own system of punishment for these crimes. Most criminal cases are handled by state courts. State prisons and local jails make up the states' corrections systems. D. The largest portion of state spending goes for these areas. The state establishes school districts that administer schools and determines how schools are financed. States also license health care professionals and support programs to improve the health of residents. E. States regulate air and water pollution to preserve natural resources and to protect the health of residents and the economy of the state. F. There are differences among the states in how state responsibilities are handled because the system of federalism gives freedom to each state to settle these as seems fit on the state level.

II. Relations Among States A. Extradition, or the return of a criminal or fugitive to the state from which he or she has fled, is guaranteed by the Constitution. Therefore, fleeing to another state is no protection for a criminal or fugitive. B. While states must give the same fundamental rights to people from other states, each state is free to set its own residency requirements. Residency requirements determine who is eligible to benefit from state-financed programs such as state colleges and universities. Therefore, people who are not state residents may be required to pay a higher level of tuition than state residents. C. Interstate compacts are written agreements between two or more states, through which states settle disagreements. These compacts must be approved by Congress and are then enforceable by the Supreme Court. D. Lawsuits between states can only be heard in the U.S. Supreme Court.

Summary and Reflection The Constitution allows the states to make laws about anything that is not prohibited by the Constitution or by national law. This allows states to regulate and promote business, preserve natural resources, make and enforce criminal laws, protect individual rights, and provide for public health, education, and welfare. In relationships among the various states, the Constitution requires that states extradite criminals or fugitives. States must protect the rights of citizens moving between states. The states must settle their differences peacefully. Interstate compacts, which are written agreements between states, must be approved and then enforced on a national level. The Supreme Court is the only court in which one state can sue another.

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